Full text of "The Massachusetts magazine : devoted to Massachusetts history, genealogy, biography"

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Vol. II.

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Satan press:

The Salem Press Co., Salem, Mass.

1909.

X 693877

THE

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Published by the Salem Press Co. Salem, Mass LISA

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"PjiMi|!)iti Jijiarterly,

A Quarterly cMagazine Devoted to History, Genealogy and Biography
Thomas Franklin Waters, Editor, ipswich, mass.

ASSOCIATE AND ADVISORY EDITORS

Frank A. Gardner, M.D. Charles A. Flagg John N. McClintock Albert W. Dennis

8ALEM, MASS. WASHINGTON, D. C DORCHESTER, MASS. B.U.IM, MAXS.

Issued in January, April, July and October. Subscription, $2.50 per year, Single copies 75c.

VOL. II

JANUARY, 1909

NO.

Contents af tips Issue,

The /'Scarlet Letter " and Old Ketterie
Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment , .
The Rev. James Noyes House in Newbury
The Pathfinder at Marietta, Ohio in 1888
Massachusetts Pioneers in Michigan . . .
The Williams House at Deerfield ....
Some Articles Concerning Massachusetts in

recent Magazines

Department of the American Revolution

Criticism and Comment

Some Massachusetts Historical Writers .

Pilgrims and Planters ; . .

Our Editorial Pages

Herbert M. Sylvester
F.A.Gardner, M.D.
Benj. L. Noyes, M.D.
George Sheldon . .
Charles A. Flagg

Charles A. Flagg
F.A.Gardner, M.D.

Lucie M. Gardner
Thomas F. Waters

11
30
33
39
41

42
45
4S
51
54
55

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•x March 13, 1908, at the post office at Salem, Mass., under the act of Con ere, s of
March, -i, 187/J. Office of publication, 4 Central Street, Salem, Mass.

THE "SCARLET LETTER" AND

OLD KETTERIE

By Herbert M. Sylvester

AWTHORNE'S "Scarlet Letter" offers no sugges-
tion of the source from which he drew the inspiration
for his creation of the immortal Hester Prynne, or
of the story of Mary Bachiller of old Ketterie ; yet
one may well assume the tale as not unknown to
him whose brain teemed with quaint and curious
Xew England happenings. Mary Bachiller's spirit
may have looked over the shoulder of Hawthorne as
he wrote this tragedy in prose which has become one
of the choicest classics of Xew England literature.
Old Salem, as Hawthorne knew it, was conducive to the mood in which
he must have been to have written as weirdly as he did at times ; for he
must have been under a "spell" to have wrought the characters so foreign to
his own experiences. Be that as it may, his desk in the old Custom House
was not so far from famous Kittery, which lay up the coast a day's drive on
the east shore of the Piscataqua just opposite ancient Strawberry-bank, new
historic Portsmouth, like olden Newcastle and Sagamore Creek, overlooked,
by the mi-v gabled manse of the Xew Hampshire Wentworths. whose
rarest and most romantic memories are resolved into the tradition of the
wooing and winning of Martha Hilton, the fairest flower of old Newcastle,
and the whilom waiting-maid at "The Dolphin," who became Lady Benning
Wentworth much to the astonishment of Mistress Starers who kept that not-
able inn in old Queen street. Just down the bay were the wharves of old

4 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Gosport which nestled against the side of Haley's Island, one of the seven
islands that made up the Isles of Shoals where Parson Tucke in the middle
of the 17th century had his little university, and where for years he taught
the select youth of Massachusetts Bay their Greek, Latin and Mathematics
to his own satisfaction if not to that of his pupils.

There is no more picturesque country than just here where New Hamp-
shire and Maine touch elbows through the fogs of the Piscataqua. No part
of the coast is possessed of more lively traditions or antiquarian lore ; for

A GLIMPSE OF KITTERY POINT.

even in these days the shore of modern Kitten* is lined with a score of roof-
trees that date back to the beginning of things English on the Maine coast.
Here are floors that have echoed to the tread of the first settlers, the Shap-
leighs, Hiltons, Gunnisons and the Pepperells and those who came along with
them. The whole length of Kittery Point shore runs a country highway as
unsuggestive of a summer resort as heart could desire, along which are strung
like so many pearls the silvery roofs that were contemporary with the Pala-
tinate of Sir Ferdinando Gorges.

THE "SCARLET LETTER" AND OLD KETTERIE 5

The Parsonage dates back to 1629. The church was built the following
year. Alexander Shapleigh built in 1635 and set up the first tavern. Fifteen
years later William Hilton was using it as an "ordinary" as taverns were
known in those days, and the Rev. Stephen Bachiller had taken up his res-
idence among the Kittery folk. Bachiller was a character whose marital ex-
periences might have suggested to Alexander Pope, who was born thirty-seven
years later, to exploit in pungent verse the alliance of January and May.
Moreover, he was a lively thorn in the flesh of the politic Winthrop and as
well persona non grata to the Great and General Court.

Born in England in 1561, his Non-Conformist affiliations compelled him
to take asylum in Holland. Some years later he had drifted back to London,
and on March 9th, 1632 he set sail for Boston on the William and Francis
to join his daughter Theodate who had preceded him Xew England-ward.
Arriving safely in Boston he made his way to Lynn to the residence of his
daughter, where he began at once to "hold forth, " whereupon the General
Court ordered him "To forbeare exercising his gifts as pastor or teacher
publiquely in our Pattent, " From Lynn, Bachrller went to Ipswich where he
had a land-grant; but having in mind the establishment of a church at
Yarmouth, he set out for that place afoot, in mid-winter, of 1637, — a hun-
dred mile journey. Failing in this project, he went to Hampton. He was
about eighty years of age at this time "when he committed a heinous offence,
which he at first denied but finally acknowledged, and was excommunicated
from the church therefor."

His disgrace was but temporary, as he was soon after admitted to Com-
munion and invited to preach at Exeter; but the General Court would not
permit him to accept the call. This was in 1644, and six years later he was
in Portsmouth, where, at the extreme age of eighty-nine he determined
to take unto himself a third wife. . Hardly a novice in marital matters he
decided that —

"A stale virgin with a wintry face,"

would not be to his taste, and likewise endowed with the fervent belief that
"A wife is the peculiar gift of Heaven,"

he forthwith married one Mary, — the surname is lost, — for his third spouse
whose age is given as "twenty-three."

Unfortunately for the peace of the Kittery settlement, with or without
provocation, Mary Bachiller became enamoured of a worthless fellow, one
George Rogers, whose untimely and scandalous behaviour with the girlish,
and no doubt charming, wife of this foolish old man was such that in October

6 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

of 1651 they were indicted under the Laws of Massachusetts Bay and brought

summarily to book. It was a swift disillusionment for the poor wife; for
upon-t heir presentment to the Court, -which-was undoubtedly held in Hugh
Gunnison's tavern, the same previously carried on by Shapleigh and afterward
by Hilton, they were duly sentenced. The trial is given at length in "Book
B" of the York Records. Rogers, after the fashion of the time, was let off
with "forty stroakes save one at ye first Towne Meeting held at Kittery,"
which he could cover up with his coat; while the girl-wife was adjudged to
receive "forty stroakes save one at ye first Towne Meeting held at Kittery
weekes after her delivery, & be branded with the letter A . . . two inches
long, and proportionable bigness, cut out of cloath of a contrary color to her
cloathes and sewed upon her upper garments on the outside of her arm or on
her back in open view," and if by mischance or intent she should be found
without her letter, she was to be "publiquely whipt."

The "Towne Meeting" was held in the old church now standing upon its
original foundation just opposite the ancient burial-ground, and it was upon
the Common, doubtless, in front of this historic edifice that the sentence was
carried out upon the culprit.

Here was a Hester Prynne ready-made for Hawthorne, with the difference,
that Mary Bachiller came by her "Letter" by due process of law and not
under the magic wand of the romancer. Poor woman, forever disgraced and
branded on that fateful day "six weekes after," her story, ghostlike, will never
down !

Kittery is not a far-cry from old Salem, and it is not to be doubted for a
moment but Hawthorne was aware of thexircumstance. It was the only case
of its kind east of the Piscataqua River, and in fact, the only one within
the knowledge of the writer as having occurred within the purlieus of Massa-
chusetts Bay, as it 'was then designated, so suggestive in its character.

If Hawthorne derived his inspiration from Mary Bachiller's misfortune.
and it seems most likely that he did, she was fortunate in her interpreter ;
for I apprehend, taking into consideration the laxity of morals in those days,
and lax they were, she was more sinned against than sinning, — nor is the
stage-setting of her story less weird and lonely than the times were harsh
and unmerciful to her sex. It is a great story, however, and worthy of Xew
England's greatest romancer, — a wizard tale, by a veritable wizard.

What became of Mary Bachiller is unknown. The historian of that day
is silent. Nothing exists by which her fate can be gleaned either by record
or tradition. But for the musty records of old York her story would have
been as much a myth as is that of Hester Prynne. As for her nonogenarian

<©

THE "SCARLET LETTER" AND OLD KETTERIE 7

consort, he sailed for England that same year, where, undivorced from his
third wife, he married a fourth with whom he spent the remainder of his days
which were terminated in 1G60.

What a commentary on the times, the old times of the Colonies, this inci-
dent, or rather, tragedy, affords, when sentiment and mercy were meas-
ured out with niggard hand; when everybody was bitted, and not a few
saddled; when the right of way was hereditary; when the clergy carried the
whip and held the reins ; when the preacher went from his pulpit to the Bench,
and when Precedent was good law and seldom called to halt! The superstitions
that made the Salem witch-trials of 1690 a possibility, indicated cloudy skies
and doubtful weather to such as exercised liberty of thought and action
which were as likely to be pointed with tragedy as otherwise. Strange and
soul-troubling vagaries were a common heritage, and wherever the law
touched, whether the culprit went to the whipping-post, pillory, stocks, duck-
ing-stool, or common gaol, it left a brutal scar for a genius like Hawthorne's
to immortalize.

As for the tragedy of Mary Bachiller, for tragedy it was, it is one of the
hideous things to keep one company along this oldest highway of Maine, with
the gray worn roofs of a nondescript architecture strewn along its marge at
uncertain intervals, the relics of a quaint and original people. As one goes,
Witch of Endor-like, he conjures the past with many a spell of the imagina-
tion, or reads their stories in the original to translate as freely as a lively
imagination will allow. For all that has been written, one sees as through a
glass, darkly, wishing in vain for the Mormon's Goggles, where Time has set a
wall as impassable as the Bridge of Al Araf. Yet, through it all, out of it all,
comes the hopeless wail of Mary Bachiller as the lash falls upon her nude back
at the whipping-post, and the gleam of a flame-like letter blisters and burns
upon the vision. It is like the stain upon the hand of Lady Macbeth that
will not out, this letter that perpetuated the degradation of a woman, settling
in entail upon an innocent offspring a like degradation in pcrpctuiim.

But what a setting, this riant landscape, for such a memory! Behind one
is the ghost of the whipping-post, and before, the shimmer of the shales
where the tide makes up, the glittering lustres of the micas, or the gray glooms
of the massive granites, their feet sandalled in the emerald of the sea.
snooded with bands of dusky kelp. Always as one looks over the low wall
of the old burial-ground, with the old church at his back and its unchristian
associations as well, the vision is filled with a medley of hooded capes dyed
with the blue of the farthest waters or the purple of royalty. Along the broken
shores the trees have been sculptured into fantastic shapes by the vagrant

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

winds. Sleep-distilling pine-laden odors haunt the zephyrs that steal frith
noiseless foot-fall across the golden floors of the marshes, or with haste:. -1
pace weave the salt grasses into webs of unmatchable color. Deep bays make
spacious anchorages that might hold all the navies of the world, and number-
less inlets and creeks make'inlayings of silver amid the inland verte, that

mm^m

KITTERY POINT MEETINGHOUSE.

This, the oldest church east of the Piscataqua. was built in 1630. The Parsonage which makes the

background of the sketch, was erected a year earlier. Both are in a fine state of preservation.

The first home of the Episcopalians in the Gorges jurisdiction, it was presented with a

silver communion service by Sir William Pepperrell which is still in use. It was in

this church undoubtedly that Marv Batchiller had her trial. Under the shadow

of its low gable she stood in pillory, and had her "thirty-nine stroakes."

lay mostly fast asleep in the summer sun after a vagabondish fashion, where
even the wildest gales are shorn of their tumult. Xo wonder men set up their
easels along these ribs of sun-bleached sands to catch

"The tremulous shadow of the sea!"
For all the charm and beauty of these Kittery shores and the sea that lies
beyond, look as I may. the glow of that "Scarlet Letter" marks the uneasy
spirit of Mary Bachiller, whose noiseless footfall keeps loitering pace with ray
own, even as the rift in the cloud-smothered horizon at set of sun betrays the
ruddv stain of a dav that is dead.

THE "SCARLET LETTER" AND OLD KETTERIE 9

There is a flavor of brutality to this story that makes the blood mount
in temperature. While its meagreness of detail throws something of a sha
over this swift meting out of justice, — and justice was younger then than
now, — that in itself reflects the rough indifference of the times. One
cringes as if Norton's lash were whistling about one's ears: and it would be
incredible altogether, except that forty years later alleged witches were swirl-
ing from Gallows-trees on the top of Witch's Hill. Lest in these days of
imaginative writing, any doubt should be left, the original relation burnt
into the time-yellowed page of the ancient York Records is here quoted.
Mary Bachiller's first appearance in Court was in October of 1651. (0. S.).
The Record has this entry, —

The Court houlden at Kittery the 14th of this P r sent
Month of Octob : 1651. & Election mad as Follows
P r sent m r Edward Godfrey Gov r

m r Richard Leader ma 'estrat
m r Nicolas Shaply ma'estrat
m r Abraham Preble ma'estrat
m r Tho.. Weathers ma'estrat

m r Edward Rish worth w th Uniiis Amicus Consent
chosen an Assistant ma'estrat & Recorder

'Actions knowne to be entered, somoneses granted out Re-
cogniscences payrtys bound to appere as delinquent & others to
give evadence against them, in regard of Late decease of the
Recorder, we call y m to remembrance as followeth

Actions or sommones granted :

X X X X X X

P r sentments mayd by the Grand inquest houlden at Pischa :
Octob : 16 : 1651

We do p r sent George Rodgers for, & mary Batcheller the
wife of m r Steven Batcheller minis tr for adultery. It is ordered
by ye Court y t George Rodgers for his adultery with mis batch-
eller shall forthwith have fourty stripes save one upon the bare
P . skinne given him : It is ordered y e mis Batcheller for her adultery

ec on shall receaye 40 stroakes save one at ye First Towne meeting held
Done. at Kittery, 6 weekes after her delivery & be branded with the
letter A :

p r . Ed : Rish worth Record"

Five months later, Mrs. Bachiller was again presented, and suffered the
delayed penalty.

"P r sentments given in by the Grand inQuest:
Held at Gorgeana March : 18 : 1651

We p r sent mis Bacheller for adultery
mis Batcheller is to be whipped at the next
town-meeting & m r Norton is to be sent for"

From this entry it is evident that the gossip over the affairs of Mary
Bachiller had achieved a culminating point. Kittery society had called a
halt by giving her over to Xorton for discipline. There is no mention of the
evidence taken in the case, — only the bare finality, the stripping off the

10 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

garb of womanhood to brand the remnant a moral leper, an outcast among
her kind, whose distinguishing mark never to be thereafter hidden from the
eyes of men, was the initial letter of her offense. There is no accent of regret,
extenuation, or apology on the part of the Court, — only the coarse cry of
the lash and the taunt of the Scarlet Woman.

The following year we find another entry in the Court record. It is a
part and parcel of the spirit of the times. Norton and his whipping-post,
the pillory and the "brand" had not proved efficacious. In this record
we have Mary Bachiller's final appearance, and one wonders if she were so
very much the worse than those who sat in judgement upon her. The same
record lets in a side light as to George Rogers, who appears to have had a
family of his own, and with the disposition of whose children the tale of old
Kittery's scandal is closed. Here is the record, —

"P r sentments brought in by the Grand in.Quest at a Court
houlden at Agament* Oct 14 1652

For the Province

"We p r sent mis Batcheller for entertayneing Idle people on
the sabbath day

"It 9 ordered y l George Rogers, his children, shall be desposed
of as followeth, The one child is to be desposed of to Daniell
Hard & m r Shapleigh or m r Withers are to see the indenters
' drawne betwixt them Ed Rishworth is to despose of another
Girls at hangst . Anthony Emrey is to have another & m r
Shapleigh & m r Withers are to be putt out as is specifyd & y n
indentars drawne."

The hand that wrote this story in the original is stilled. The chirography
is labored and hieroglyphic. Words touch elbows, and the lines are jammed
into irregular parallels, but the ink, like the blood on the hand of Lady Mac-
beth is of the indelible sort, and the paper sewed into its vellum tubers is
unmatchable. 1651-2, the decadence of the Gorges Palatinate had not been con-
summated ; but the ancient records remain, and so far as Mary Bachiller is
concerned, a stain upon the times and an indictment of those who had a part in
the making. And the people, — how rough and uncouth, who could so out-
rage common decency, much less leer at helpless Mary Bachiller where the
sunlight beat most fiercely upon her degradation.

Hawthorne felt all this. His resentment found its highest expression when
he had impelled Arthur Dimmesdale to creep through the shadows of the
night to where Hester Prynne, with an unnamable terror had shivered and
quailed at the hoots and jeers of the Puritan purists. It remained for Haw-
thorne to rechristen Mary Bachiller and to make her the heroine of Xew
England's greatest tragedy in prose.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S

REGIMENT

Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Minute-Men's Regiment. 1775.
Twenty-fourth Regiment, Army op the United Colonies. 177.3.

By Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

This regiment was composed largely of men from the central part of
the state. It was one of the first to be equipped and ready for active serv-
ice, and had an honorable record all through the opening year of the war,
at the close of which it disbanded.

The following document gives us an interesting insight into the char-
acter of the command and the difficulties which Colonel Doolittle en-
countered at the beginning of the conflict.

"To the Hon ble John Hancock, Prefident of the Hon ble Provuntia!
Congrefs to be holden by adjournment at Concord on the 22 nd Day of
March Inftant S r Pleafe to communicate the following To your Body
haveing Rec d a Requifition for the Hon u - Congrefs Directing of me To
make Return of my Regiment, their Numbers and acquipments for war I
have accordingly applied my self to the Bufinefs but have not as yet ob-
tained a Return of But Two or three Companys and if I Can obtain a full
account before the Congrefs Rifes Shall forward it Emediately — but we
are in a moft Lamentable Scituation for want of a Sanction of Government
on our Establifhments our Tory Enemies ufing all their Secret machena-
tions to divide us and Break us to pieces ad to this the Defieulties that arire
by ambitious men who are Indeavouring to Break our Companys to pieces
in order to get Promotion for as there is no Eftablifhment but what aRifes
in the Breafts of Individuals we are Continually Breaking to Peases and a
Number of* Companys in my Regiment are now in such Circumftances and
I fear if we are not soon Called to action we shall be Like a Rope of Sand
and have no more Strength — if it may be Rec d with Candour I should be

12 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Exceeding Glad if our Continental Committee might be Instructed to Lay
the Deficulties which we Labour under for want of a Civil Conftitution
before that Body and that they Indeavour to obtain their voice in Justifi-
cation of this Provinces Eftablishing one. God Give you all Grace and
Wifdom to Direct you in the Important afair of American Liberty. Re-
main your and the Publicks well wisher and Humble Ser*

Ephr m Doolittle
Petersham March 31-1775"

■
Colonel Doolittle demonstrated his untiring patriotic zeal and execu-
tive ability during the few weeks following, for he had a regiment of eight
companies, properly officered when the Lexington Alarm was sounded on
the 19th of April. These officers were as follows : —

Colonel, Ephraim Doolittle.
Lieut. Colonel, Benjamin Holden.
Major, Willard Moore.
Adjutant, William Bridge.

Holden Company.

Captain, James Davis.

First Lieutenant, Samuel Thompson.

Second Lieutenant, Samuel Hubbard.

2 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 fifer and 29 men.

Athol Company.

Captain, Ichabod Dexter.
First Lieutenant, Ephraim Stockwell.
Second Lieutenant, Abner Graves.
4 sergeants, 4 corporals and 21 men.

Royalston Company.

Captain, Jonas Allen.

Lieutenant, Daniel Pike.

4 sergeants, 2 corporals and 16 men.

Templeton Company.

Captain, Joel Fletcher.

First Lieutenant, Paul Kendall.
• Second Lieutenant, John Wilder.

4 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 drummer and 31 men.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT

Hubbardston Company.

. Captain, William Marean.

Lieutenant, Adam Wheeler.

Ensign, William Mussey.

4 sergeants, 4 corporals and 25 men.
Princeton Company.

Captain, Boaz Moore.

First Lieutenant, John Jones.

Second Lieutenant, Adonijah How.

3 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 fifer, 1 drummer, 27 men
Paxton Company.

Captain, Phineas Moore.
First Lieutenant, Josiah Newton.
Second Lieutenant, Seth Snow.
2 sergeants, 1 fifer and 28 men.
Winchendon Company.
Captain, Abel Wilder.
First Lieutenant, John Boynton.
Second Lieutenant, Dudley Parley.

4 sergeants, 4 corporals and 30 privates.
Petersham Company.

Captain, John Wheeler.
Lieutenant, Edward Barker.
Ensign, John Bowker.
When the regiment was reorganized
•officers were appointed : — ■

Colonel Ephraim Doolittle,

Lieut. Colonel Benjamin Holden,

Major Willard Moore,

Adjutant John Woodward,

Surgeon Barnit W r ait,

Surgeon's Mate Enoch Dole,
"On the 3 d of May, a party of two hundred privates and officers, under
Colonel Doolittle,. were ordered on fatigue ; the directions for the work
to be done were to be given by Mr. Charwick, engineer."

The following report shows the strength of the regiment at the date
appended : —

a few days later the following

engaged April 24.

men.

14 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Epharaim Doolittle Coll°
Benj n Holden Lieut. Coll°
Willard Moore Major

"Cap 1 Abel Wilder

Cap 1 Adam Wheeler

Cap 1 Joel Fletcher

Cap 1 Eben Millet

Cap 1 Ichabod Dexter

Cap 1 Jon a Holman

Cap 1 Robert Oliver

Cap 1 John Woods

Cap 1 Abijah Moore
; Cap 1 Hezekiah Stowell

547
Oliver Holman, Adj't.

May 20, 1775. ~

"To the Hon le Prefedent of the Colony Congrefs S r if you will Deliver
the Commifsions for my Reg 1 to my Major Willard Moore you will oblige
your moft obedient Humble Ser 1

Eph m Doolittle Coll°

May 23, 1775."

A number of men petitioned the Colonial Congress, June 10, 1775,
stating that "when they Ingeaged had an Expectation that Cap 1 Ichabod
Dexter would have been their Cap 1 and that they underftood at the same
Time that they were to be of Co 11 Ephraim Doolittle's Reg 1 and further
say that we have Done Duty and Draw d Provetions for a Considerable
Time in his Reg 1 until of Late we have underftood that Cap 1 Dexter had
Returned his Company in Col 1 Woodbridge's Regiment without Confulting
his Company thereon we would further Reprefent that our Company is
not full as there is Still an opening in Col 1 Doolittle's Reg 1 whereby our
Company may be Compleat by Joyning Cap 1 Abijah More who is willing
to Receive us with the men he has Inlifted whereby we may be Emediately
Muttered and Receive our Pay Therefore we Humbly Petetion that we
may Emediately be alo\v d to Joyn the Company of Abijah More aforesaid
and the Reg 1 of which Eph m Doolittle is Collonel and not be Joyned to any-
other Reg 1

June 10, 1775

Abner Graves L 1 " (and 16 others.)
The records show that this petition was not granted.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 15

"A Lift of the Company officers in Coll Doolittle's Reg't Ready to

be Commifsioned June 12, 1775.

Cap 1 Joel Fletcher. Capt Robert Oliver.

Lt John Wheeler. Lt Thos Grover.

Enf n Jonas Proctor. Enf n Abraham Pennel.

Capt Adam Wheeler. Cap 1 Able Wilder.

Lt Elijah Stearns. L 1 Jonas Allin.

Enf n Adam Maynard. Enf n Daniel Pike.

Capt Jon a Holman. Capt John Lealand.

Lt John Bowker. L 1 Sam 1 Burbank.

Enf n David Poor.

Cap 1 John Jones.
Lt Sam 1 Thornton.. .

. Frothingham in his account of the Battle of Bunker Hill mentions this
regiment as follows : — "The colonel and lieutenant-colonel were absent on
the day of the battle, and Major Willard Moore led on, it is stated, three
hundred of its men. Few details are preserved of the service of this regi-
ment, or the conduct of its officers. The depositions speak in glowing
terms of the good qualities of Major Moore. He was a firm patriot and
chivalrous soldier. On the second attack he received a ball in the thigh,
and while his men were carrying him to the rear another ball went through
his body. He called for water, but none could be obtained nearer than
the Neck. He lingered until the time of the retreat, when feeling his
wounds to be mortal, he requested his attendants to lay him down, leave

him, and take care of themselves. He met a soldier's death

Few notices appear of individuals of this regiment. Robert Steele, a drum-
mer, stated in 1825, that he 'beat Yankee Doodle when he mustered for
Bunker Hill on the morning of the 17th of June, 1775' '

The same authority in his "Battle of Bunker Hill," tells us that Cap-
tain Wheeler's Company of this regiment, Captain Crosby's Company oi
Colonel James Reed's (N. H.) Regiment, and a Company from Colonel
B. Ruggles Woodbridge's Regiment, were stationed in Main Streer. at
the base of Breed's Hill and constituted the extreme right of the American
line. Six men of this regiment were killed or missing and nine wounded,
in the battle.

16 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

The following changes in the field and staff officers occurred during
May and June : —

Major Jacob Miller, promoted June 18, to succeed Major Willard
Moore who was killed in the battle of Bunker Hill.

Quartermaster Benjamin Haywood, appointed May 26.
Surgeon Enoch Dole, promoted from Surgeon's Mate, June 18.
Surgeon's Mate Absolom Russell, appointed June 21.

"A Regimental Return of the Number of Commifsioners & Soldiers,
June 29, 1775," gave the same list of officers as the above list of June 12th,
except that the name of "Enfign Frances Wilfon," was added to Captain
John Jones Company.

The following comprises a list of company commanders in this regi-
ment in June-July 1775, with the list of towns in which the companies were
raised :

Captains.
"Robert Oliver, Conway, Montague, Colraine, Deerfield.
Josiah Stearns, Lunenburg, Edgecomb. Pownalsboro. Georgetown. Ashby,

&c.
Oliver Capron, Richmond, Winchester, &c. &c.
Abel Wilder, Royalston, Winchendon, Lunenburg, &c. &c.
Joel Fletcher, Templeton, Petersham, Westford, &c.
John Jones, Princeton. Holden, Lancaster, Hubbardston. &c.
Jona. Holman, Templeton, Petersham, Winchendon, Hubbardston, &c.
James Hubbard. Wells. Arundel, Sanford.
Jacob Miller, Holliston, Dublin, Med way, &c.
Adam Wheeler, Hubbardston, Rutland. Princeton, Paxton."

Ten small arms were delivered to Colonel Doolittle, for the use of his
regiment, amounting "as by appraisement, to twenty-two pounds, eighteen
shillings, for which a receipt was taken in the minute book." We know
from the returns that the regiment was stationed on Prospect Hill during
the first three weeks of July. On the 16th Captain Robert Oliver was
appointed recruiting officer. This regiment was assigned to Brigadier
General Sullivan's Brigade, on the 22nd. and formed a part of the left
wing of the armv under Major General Lee. It was stationed on Winter
Hill.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTE'S REGIMENT 17

The following letter of three days later explains itself: —

"To The Gen tm of the Committee of Supplies my Reg* have unani-
mously agreed not to Drink any more of the Beer from the Brewers that
have La-itly Supply d us to be so Cheated out of our Rights and helth is
unfufferable I have Converfed with M r Cap 1 Benj a Hall of Med ford
who has ingeaged to Brew it according to my Direction and if you have
any Inclination to Continew to us our Beer please to give him orders - I
Brew our Beer and Allow him the fully Quantity the Province all
for that purpofe I doubt not of your Readynefs to do us Justice other-
ways I should Emmediately have made application to aneother Quarter
this from your moft obedient homble Ser 1 July 25, 1775.

Eph m Doolittle Coll°"

This complaint was withdrawn two days later.

Returns made to August 1, show that the officers remained the same
as given in the list above in the companies of Captains Fletcher, Holman,
Jones, Oliver and Wilder. The other companies in the regiment were as
follows : —

Capt. Oliver Capron, Richmond.
Lieut. David Barney, "

4 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 drummer and 34 men.
Capt. Jacob Miller, Holliston. (Promoted Major June 18.)

Lt. Sam 1 Burbank
Ensign OHv r Work

4 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 drummer, 1 fifer, and 42 men.
Capt. Josiah Stearns, Lunenburgh.
Lieut. Nath'n P. Smith, Pownelsborough.
Ensign W m Thurlo, Fitchburg.

3 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 drummer and 40 men.

Capt. Jpmes Hubbard, Wells. (Report of this company dated Oct. 10.)
1st Lt. Joseph Churchill, "
2nd Lt. Nathan Cousins.

4 sergeants, 4 corporals, 1 fifer, 1 drummer and 39 privates.

— We knoW ffbrri the" rolls and records of the regiment that it was still
stationed on Winter Hill late in October, and probably remained there
until disbanded at the end of the year.

1773.

Com. Ofp.*

June 9,

July

Aug. IS,

Sept. 23,

Oct. 17,

Nov. 18,

Dec. 30, •

18 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

The strength of this regiment at various periods through the year is shown
by the following table: —

Staff Non Com. Rank & mrf Total

36 330 344

3 42 333 397

4 48 369 449

4 58 458 551

5 43 382 449
5 47 393 469
4 40 378 448

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE was Captain of a company
on the Crown Point Expedition, according to a muster roll bearing date of
March 5, 1756. His expenses for guns, blankets, etc. lost, amounted to
£8:10:06.

He was a member of the Petersham committee of correspondence in
1772. He represented that town and was moderator of the town meeting
held there, January 4, 1773. In August he was a member of the Worcester
Convention, and served on a committee to prepare resolves on the '"state
of public affairs." (Aug. 30.) October, 1774, he was a member of the
Provincial Congress from Petersham and w T as appointed on a committee
to wait on Governor Gage. He also served on a committee "to report a
resolve recommending total disuse of India teas,*' and on a committee
to prepare a non-consumption agreement. November 26, he was appointed
on a committee to "devise some means of keeping up a correspondence
between this province, Montreal, and Quebec, and of gaining very frequent
intelligence from thence of their movements."

The account of his service as Colonel of the Minute Men's Regiment
and the 24th Regiment, Army of the United Colonies, we have given
above. He may have been and very likely was the Ephraim Doolittle
who served as a private in Captain John Oliver's Company, in Colonel
Nathan Sparhawk's Regiment, from September 28, to October 18. 1777,
in the Northern Army as reinforcements against Burgoyne.

LIEUT. COLONEL BENJAMIN HOLDEN was born in Dedham.
He was a Lieutenant in the French and Indian War and at that time
resided in Roxbury. February 18, 1767, he was Captain in the 3d. Regi-

*Sergeants, fifers and drummers. fCorporals and privates

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT Y)

ment of Worcester County Militia. The records show that he served
as Captain of the "Prince town" Company in Colonel John Murray's R
ment, in the year 1767. He served as Lieut. Colonel in Colonel Ephraim
Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment in 1775 and the 24th Regiment
the end of the year. He was Lieut. Colonel of Colonel Israel Hutchin-
son's 27th. Continental Regiment, through 1776. His name appears on
the pay accounts as Lieut. Colonel of the (late) Colonel Hutchinson's
Regiment from January 1, 1777 to May 25, 1778. As Colonel Hutchin-
son's Regiment disbanded at the end of 1776, this pay was undoubtedly
.given to Lieut. Colonel Holden as a prisoner of war, for we know that he
-was captured at Long Island and held by the enemy.

MAJOR WILLARD MOORE came from Paxton. He took a promi-
nent part in the Worcester Convention in September 1774. He was an
Ensign in Captain Paul How's (Paxton) Company in Colonel John
Chandler's Regiment. (Year not given.) He also served as Lieutenant
in Captain Ralph Earl's (Paxton) Company, in Colonel John Chandler's
1st. Regiment Worcester County Militia in 1771. He was chosen Captain of
a company of minute men in January, 1775. He was Major of Colonel
Ephraim Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment and marched for Cambridge
on the Lexington Alarm. The story of his gallant service and death on
the field of Bunker Hill have been given in the account of the exploits of
the regiment. He was a brave officer and a loss to the patriot army.

MAJOR JACOB MILLER of Holliston. was called Major, and re-
ported as field officer of the guard. May 9, 1775. He was a Captain in
"Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, appointed in the place of Captain John
Lealand, resigned. Major Willard Moore was killed at the Battle oi
Bunker Hill and on the following day Captain Jacob Miller was engaged
as Major of the regiment. He was, however, to retain command oi his
•company. He served in the regiment through the year. May 10. 1776. he
~was engaged as Major of Colonel Josiah Whitney's 2nd. Worcester
'County Regiment.

ADJUTANT WILLIAM BRIDGE, held that office in Colonel
"Ephraim Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment from April 19 to 26. 1775. He
served as Adjutant of the 7th. Middlesex County Regiment in 177S.
(Elected June 20.)

ADJUTANT JOHN WOODWARD was engaged April 24 (or 27).
1775, and served in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment through the year. He

20 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

was 2nd. Lieutenant and Adjutant of Colonel Loammi Baldwin's 26th.
Regiment in the Continental Army through 1776, and was appointed Lieu-
tenant and Paymaster of the 9th. Regiment, Massachusetts Line, January
1, 1777. He died October 17, 1778.

ADJUTANT OLIVER HOLMAX was mentioned in an order of the
day dated May 16, 1775, as Adjutant of Colonel Doolittle's Regiment.
Another order dated June 8, was signed by him. His name, however, does
not appear in a list of staff officers of this regiment dated August 1, 1775,
which was intended to include all who had served between April 24 and the
above mentioned date.

QUARTERMASTER BEXJAMIX HAYWOOD was engaged May
26, 1775. He may have been the "Benjamin Haywood'' who was Pay-
master of Colonel Nixon's 6th. Regiment, Massachusetts Line, in 1777 and
a Captain in the same regiment later.

SURGEON BARXIT WAIT was engaged April 27, 1775, and served
1 month and 25 days. No further record of service is given.

SURGEON ENOCH DOLE of Lancaster was engaged April 24
(or 27) as Surgeon's Mate in this regiment and served until June 18, when
he was promoted Surgeon. He served in that office through the year. He
was Surgeon's Mate in Colonel Whitney's Regiment in 1776.

SURGEON'S MATE ABSOLOM RUSSELL was engaged June 21,
1775, and served at least 1 month and 13 days. No further record of serv-
ice is given.

CAPTAIN JONAS ALLEN of Royalston, commanded a company in
Colonel Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment. He was probably the Cap-
tain Jonas Allen who was in charge of guard detail under Major Baldwin
May 15. 1775. He served as Lieutenant in Captain Able Wilder's Com-
pany in the 24th. Regiment under the same commander through the year.

CAPTAIN OLIVER CAPRON of Richmond was engaged April 30.
1775. A muster roll dated August 1, showed that he had served 3 months,
9 days. He was recommended for a commission in a petition signed by
Colonel Ephraim Doolittle. He was the son of Banfield and Hannah
(Jencks) Capron. He was born in July, 1736. He lived in Cumberland
a few years and then moved to Richmond, N. H. In the French war he
served in two campaigns near Crown Point. He is described in the "'Capron
Genealogy" as "a stout, spry and active man. well built, rather more than
middling stature, light complexion and reddish hair."

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 21

CAPTAIN JAMES DAVIS of Holden was a company commander in
Colonel Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. His service-
lasted 19 1-2 days. He also served for 5 days as a Captain in Colonel
Benjamin Flagg's (Worcester County) Regiment, in April, 1777.

. . CAPTAIN. ICHABOD DEXTER of Athol commanded a company in
Coonel Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment, April 19, 1775. He was en-
gaged as a Captain in Colonel Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge's 25th. Regi-
-ment, April -24, and served in that- regiment many months, probably
through the year. He was the son of Samuel and Mary ( Clark j Dexter,
and was born in Athol 24 June, 1737. The statement is made that he and
his brother were in the French and Indian war at the taking of Ticonderoga.
They were taken captive by the Indians but awoke in the night, killed
their captors and escaped. He was a selectman in Athol in 1768. In 1780
he removed to Hardwick and was a selectman there in 1781-2 and 1785 and
a Representative in 1782-3.

CAPTAIN JOEL FLETCHER of Templeton served as Captain in a
company in Colonel Doolittle's Minute Men's Regiment, April 19. 1775.
He "Loft in the Battle of Chelfea,* one Blanket,, one Pair of Shoes, one
Pair of Plated Buckels, one Bayonet." He was in the Battle of Bunker
Hill and lost at that time, "three Guns, Blankets three, three Cartuch
boxs, 1 Powder Horn.'' "Capt Fletcher left in Mornin Battle his wearing
Aperil his gun & Accutermerits and four Dollers of Cash Whofe Family
is very needy." He served through the year in the 24th Regiment, Army
of the United Colonies under the same commander.

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HOLMAN of Templeton was a lieutenant
in Captain Ezekiel Knowdton's Company, in Colonel Nathan Sparhawk"s
Regiment, April 19, 1775. He was engaged April 24. as Captain in Colonel
Doolittle's Regiment. At the Battle of Bunker Hill, he lost "one Coat, one
Blanket, one Gun." He served through the year in the 24th. Regiment,
Army of *the United Colonies, under Colonel Doolittle.

CAPTAIN JAMES HUBBARD of Wells (now Maine) joined the
regiment with his company in the last of June or early part of July and
served into October. He died in that month while in the service at Cam-
bridge. The "History of Wells" (Me.) states that "He was a worthy citi-
zen, firm and resolute in his adhesion to the principles which were the

♦May 27, 1775. See Massachusetts Magazine, v. I, p. 164.

22 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

moving cause of the Revolution, and ready to offer himself on the altar of
liberty. He was one of the selectmen of the town; was also one of the
committee of correspondence chosen to consult with the friends of liberty."

CAPTAIN JOHN JONES of Princeton was a Lieutenant in Captain
Boaz Moore's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of
Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He was engaged April 24th as Captain in
Colonel Doolittle's Regiment. At the Battle of Bunker Hill he lost "one
gun, two Blankets, two Coats, one Cutlafs, one fine Shirt. He served
through the year under the same commander.

CAPTAIN JOHN LEALAND of Holliston was Captain of a Com-
pany of Minute Men in Colonel Abijah Pierce's Regiment. April 19, 1775.
June .12th he commanded a company in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment.
He resigned (probably in June or July) and Captain Jacob Miller was
appointed in his place. He was the son of John Lealand and was born in
Holliston, January 12, 1744. He was a farmer and schoolmaster before
the war but afterward became a minister and settled in Partridgefield. He
served there successfully for nearly forty years and died at the age of eighty.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM MAREAN of Hubbardston lived first in
Newton, later in Barre and went to the first named town in 1768. He was
Captain of a Company of Minute Men in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment,
April 19, 1775, serving 17 days. He was chosen March 24, 1776, a Captain
in Colonel Nathan Sparhawk's 7th. Worcester County Regiments He also
served as Captain in Colonel Jonathan Reed's 1st. Regiment of Guards in

1778 and in Colonel Stearns's Regiment of Guards in the same year. In

1779 he was First Major, in Colonel Jonathan Grout's 7th. Worcester
County Regiment. He died May 10, 1826, aged 83.

CAPTAIN EBEXEZER MILLET of Holden served first as Quarter-
master of Captain Davis's Company of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He
was -a Captain in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment in May, 1775, but left the
organization before June 12th.

CAPTAIN ABIJAH MOORE of Putney was Captain of a Company
of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. In May he was Captain of a Company in
Colonel Doolittle's Regiment but he left before June 12th. A man of the
same name from the same town was a private in Captain Benjamin
Hastings' Company in Colonel Asa Whitcomb's Regiment, in August and
October, 1775.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 23

CAPTAIN BOAZ MOORE of Princeton commanded a Company in
Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He-
served for 13 days.

CAPTAIN PHINEAS- MOORE of Paxton had command of a Com-
pany in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19
1775. Service 10 days.

■

CAPTAIN ROBERT OLIVER of Conway was born near Boston in
1738. He commanded a Company of Minute Men which marched in
Colonel Samuel Williams' Regiment, in response to the Lexington Alarm.
He was engaged May 1, as Captain in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment and
served through the year. He w r as in the Battle of Bunker Hill and
"one Gun, one Piftol, one Gun Lock, four Pair of Leather Breeches, four
Shirts, Trouser two Pair, Stockine four Pair. Shoes three pair, one Hand-
kerchief." He was a Captain in Colonel John Greaton's 24th. Continental
Regiment in 1776, and in the 3d. Regiment Massachusetts Line (2nd. in-
White Plains numbering) in 1777. He was promoted Major November l r
1777, and served until January 1, 1783. On the latter date he was trans-
ferred to Lieut. Colonel Ebenezer Sprout's 2nd. Regiment. Massachusetts
Line, and on the 30th of September was made Lieut. Colonel by brevet.
He served to November 3, 1783. He was celebrated as a disciplinarian and
for a time acted as Adjutant General of the Northern Division of the Army.
He served as a volunteer in Shay's Rebellion and was a founder of Mari-
etta, Ohio in 1788. He represented Washington County in the Territorial
Legislature in 1798 and was President of the Territorial Council in 1800-3.
He also served as Colonel of the 2nd. Territorial Regiment and Judge of the
Court of Common- Pleas. He was a Member of the Society of the
Cincinnati.

CAPTAIN JOSTAH STEARNS of Lunenburg commanded a Com-
pany in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment as early as July 10. 1775, and served
through the year. He was the son of Thomas and Abigail (Reed) Stearns
of Littleton, and was born July 18, 1747. He moved to Lunenburg. In
1776 he was a member of the "Committee of Correspondence" and in the
years following often served as assessor and selectman. He was Town
Treasurer for eight years and Town Clerk from 1817 to 1822. He was a
Representative for three years and a member of the Governor's Council
fom 1797 to 1799. He died Aujnist 7, 1822.

4*-

•

24 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

CAPTAIN HEZEKIAH STOWELL was in command of a Company
in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, according to a general return dated May
20, 1775. He served only a short time.

CAPTAIN ADAM WHEELER of Hubbardston went there from
Rutland about 1766. He served first as a Lieutenant in Captain William
Marean's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of Minute
Men, April 19. 1775. He was made a Captain soon after in the same regi-
ment. In the Battle of Bunker Hill he lost "three Guns and one Coat." He
served to the end of the year in Doolittle's 24th. Regiment and in 1776 was
a Captain in Colonel John Nixon's 4th. Regiment, 'Continental Army. In
1777 and 1778 he was a Captain in Colonel Thomas Nixon's 6th. Regiment,
Massachusetts Line. A receipt was given to Benjamin Hey wood, dated
Shrewsbury, June 21, 1779, signed by said Wheeler, Captain, for "S120 and
a State note of £100 in full for the gratuity and first moiety granted him
by the General Court for his service as a Captain in the Continental Army.''
Retired October 15, 1778. He commanded a company of men in sympathy
with Daniel Shays in Shays's Rebellion. He fled to Canada where he re-
mained four years until the proclamation of amnesty.

CAPTAIN JOHN WHEELER of Petersham was commander of a
Company in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men. April
19, 1775. On the 27th. of that month he was engaged as a Lieutenant in
Captain Joel Fletcher's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, and
- served through the year. He was commissioned an Ensign in Captain
Ezekiel Knowlton's Company, in Colonel Nicholas Dike's Regiment, in
October, 1776, and engaged as First Lieutenant on the 1st. of December
in the same year. He with other officers agreed to tarry until March 1,
1777.

CAPTAIN ABEL WILDER of Winchendon served in that rank in
Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19. 1775. He
was at Bunker Hill and lost "three Coats, Shirts three, three Pair of Stock-
ing three Guns, one Drum, one Blanket." He was the son of Thomas, and
Mary (Wheeler) Wilder, and was one of the first settlers of Winchendon.
He was the first Town Clerk and was annually elected for twenty-seven
years, and was often moderator and selectman. It is said that he was plow-
ing in the field when called on the Lexington Alarm. He served as a mem-
ber of the State Constitutional Convention and was a representative in the
first Legislature in 1781. He was a senator from Worcester County for

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 25

six consecutive years, and a presidential elector in 1792. "He was of stout
build and had a pleasant countenance and a commanding presence.

.- He filled the largest place in the history of the town.

He was pre-eminently useful in life, cheerful and prepared for death and
universally lamented."

CAPTAIN JOHN WOODS is given as a company commander in a
list of officers of Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, May 20, 1775.

LIEUTENANT DAVID BARNEY of Richmond was a Lieutenant
in Captain Oliver Capron's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment. Ik-
enlisted April 30, 1775, and served through the year.

LIEUTENANT JOHN BOWKER of Petersham served first as En-
sign in Captain John Wheeler's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's
Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. Five days later he enlisted as a
Lieutenant in Captain Jonathan Holman's Company in the same regiment.
Reported deserted September 8, 1775. He was in Captain Nathan Hamil-
ton's Company, in Colonel Samuel Brew r er's Regiment, in February, 1777.
In August of that year he was 2nd. Lieutenant in Captain Wing Spooncr'a
Company, Colonel Nathan Sparhawk's Regiment.

LIEUTENANT JOHN BOYNTON of Winchendon held that rank in
Captain Abel Wilders Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment
of Minute Men. April 19, 1775. He was commissioned, April 6. 1776.
Captain of the 8th. Company in Colonel Nathan Sparhawk's (7th. Worces-
ter Co.) Regiment. In 1777 he had two short terms of service in the same
regiment, one at Bennington and the other in the Northern Army.

LIEUTENANT SAMUEL BURBANK of Holliston was an Ensign
in Captain John Lealand's Company of Minute Men in Colonel Abijah
Pierce's Regiment, April 19, 1775. June 12th. he was commissioned a
Lieutenant in the same company. He continued to serve in this company
under Captain Jacob Miller, through the year. July 27, 1777. he was com-
missioned Captain in Colonel Samuel Bullard's (5th. Middlesex Co.) Regi-
ment, chosen in place of Benjamin Marshall, deceased. He was the son ox
Samuel Burbank and was born in Woburn in 1735. He settled in Holliston
and later resided in Fitchburg, where he died February 6. 1828.

LIEUTENANT JOSEPH CHURCHILL of Wells held that rank in
Captain James Hubbard's Company in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, from
August, through the year.

26 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

LIEUTENANT THOMAS GROVER of Montague was a Captain in
Colonel Samuel Williams Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. May
1, he was engaged as a Lieutenant in Captain Robert Oliver's Company,
Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, and served through the year. He was en-
gaged July 20, 1779, as First 'Lieutenant in Captain Elisha Lyman's Com-
pany, Colonel Elisha Porter's (4th. Hampshire County) Regiment. Serv-
ice 1 mo. 14 days. He also served in Captain Samuel Merriman's Company
in Colonel Israel Chapin's 3d. Hampshire in 1779 and in Captain Oliver
Shattuck's Company in Lieut. Colonel Barnabas Sears's Hampshire County
Regiment, in 1781.

LIEUTENANT PAUL KENDALL held the rank of First Lieutenant
in Captain Joel Fletcher's Company of Minute Men in Colonel Doolittle's
Regiment, April 19, 1775. He was commissioned, June 26, 1777, Second
Lieutenant in Captain Josiah Wilder's (3d.) Company, in Colonel Nathan
Sparhawk's (7th. Worcester County) Regiment. From August 31 to
November 29, 1777, he was a Second Lieutenant in Captain David Bent's
Company, Colonel Job Cushing's Regiment.

LIEUTENANT JOSIAH NEWTON of Paxton served as a First
Lieutenant in Captain Phineas Moore's Company, in Colonel Ephraim
Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775.

LIEUTENANT DANIEL PIKE of Royalston was Lieutenant of
Captain Jonas Allen's Company in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment of Minute
Men, April 19, 1775. He w r as Ensign in Captain Abel Wilder's Company
in the same Regiment, commissioned June 12, 1775, and he served through
the year.

LIEUTENANT DAVID POOR of Winchendon was a First Lieu-
tenant in Captain Moses Hale's Company in Colonel Nathan Sparhawk's
Regiment, winch marched on the alarm, April 19, 1775. April 24, he was
engaged as Ensign in Captain Jonathan Holman's Company, in Colonel
Doolittle's Regiment. He was a Lieutenant in the same company in Octo-
ber. In 1776 he was a Lieutenant in Colonel Israel Hutchinson's 27th.
Regiment, Continental Army, and was taken prisoner at Fort Washing-
ton, November 16, 1776. He was confined on Long Island for over four
years, and was exchanged December 17, 1780.

LIEUTENANT NATHAN SMITH of Pownalsboro was engaged.
April 26, 1775, to serve in Captain Josiah Stearns's Company, in Colonel

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 27

Doolittle's Regiment. In a company return given October 6, he was called
First Lieutenant.

LIEUTENANT ELIJAH STEARNS of Rutland was in Captain
Adam Wheeler's Company, Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, as early
12, 1775. Company returns show that he continued in that organization
through the year.

LIEUTENANT EPHRAIM STOCKWELL of Athol served in that
rank in Captain Ichabod Dexter's Company, Colonel Doolittle's Reginu
of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. In April, 1776, he was commissioned First
Lieutenant in Captain John Oliver's Company, in Colonel Nathan Spar-
hawk's (7th. Worcester County) Regiment. He was engaged July 2ti.
1777, as a Captain in Colonel Job Cushing's Regiment.

LIEUTENANT SAMUEL THOMSON of Holden held the rank of
First Lieutenant in Captain James Davis's Company, Colonel Doolittle's
Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. Five days later he was engaged
as Lieutenant in Captain John Jones's Company in the same Regiment and
served through the year. January 1, 1776, he was engaged as First Lieu-
tenant in Colonel Loammi Baldwin's 26th. Regiment, Continental Army.
September 26, 1777, he was engaged as Captain in Major Asa Baldwin's
Division of Colonel Samuel Denny's Regiment. He served one month
in the Northern department.

SECOND LIEUTENANT NATHANIEL COUSINS of Wells had
served under General Abercrombie at Fort Niagara in 1758 and also at
Lake George held that rank in Captain James Hubbard's Company, in
Colonel Doolittle's 24th. Regiment, Army of the L'nited Colonies, in Oct ■-
ber, 1775. A Nathaniel Cousens, probably the same man, was a Lieutenant
in Captain Tobias Lord's (Seacoast) Company, which marched January 1.
1776, and served 11 months at Falmouth, Cumberland County. January
29, 1779, he was commissioned Captain in Colonel Thomas Cutts. 3d. York
County Regiment. Later in that year he served as Captain in (late) [Major
Daniel LittlefielcTs detachment of York County Militia, and August 1.
served as Major in the same command on the Penobscot expedition. He
was a selectman of Wells. He died in 1832 aged 95 years.

SECOND LIEUTENANT ABNER GRAVES of Athol served first
as an officer in Captain Ichabod Dexter's Company in Colonel Doolittle's
Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He was a Lieutenant in Captain

28 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

John BlancharcTs Company, Colonel James Wesson's 9th. Regiment,
Massachusetts Line, from January 1, 1777, to June 17, 1778.

SECOND LIEUTENANT- ADONIJAH HOW of Princeton was an
officer in Captain Boaz Moore's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment
of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He served 18 days.

SECOND LIEUTENANT SAMUEL HUBBARD of Holden held
that rank in Captain James Davis's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regi-
ment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775, service 5 1-2 days. April 5, 1776. he
was commissioned First Lieutenant in Captain Nathan Harrington's Com-
pany, in Colonel Samuel Denny's 1st. Worcester County Regiment. He
marched, July 27, 1777, as a Lieutenant in Captain Jesse Stone's Company,
Colonel Job Cushing's Regiment, in General Warner's Brigade at Benning-
ton. He was a Captain in the same Regiment from September 3 to Novem-
ber 29, 1777. March 5, 1779, he was commissioned Captain of the 3d. Com-
pany in Colonel Samuel Denny's 1st. Worcester County Regiment.

SECOND LIEUTENANT DUDLEY PARLEY of Winchendon
served for 16 days in that rank in Captain Abel Wilder's Company, in
Colonel Doolittle's Regiment of Minute Men, in response to the alarm
call April 19, 1775.

SECOND LIEUTENANT SETH SNOW of Paxton was one of the
officers in Captain Phineas Moore's Company in Colonel Doolittle's Minute
Men's Regiment, April 19, 1775; service, 19 days.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOHN WILDER of Templeton was an
officer in Captain Joel Fletcher's Company in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment
of Minute Men, April 19, 1775.

ENSIGN ADAM MAYNARD of Paxton served first as Sergeant in
Captain Phineas Moore's (Paxton) Company in Colonel Doolittle's Minute
Men's Regiment, April 19, 1775. He was an Ensign in Captain Adam
Wheeler's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, June 12. 1775. At
Bennington in 1777, he was Second Lieutenant in Captain Loring Lincoln's
Company, under Lieut. Colonel Flagg-: and April 28. 1778. was commis-
sioned Captain in the 1st. Regiment, Worcester County Militia.

ENSIGN WILLIAM MUSSEY of Hubbardston was an Ensign in
Captain William Marean's Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment oi
Minute Men, April 19, 1775; service, 17 days.

COLONEL EPHRAIM DOOLITTLE'S REGIMENT 29

ENSIGN ABRAHAM PEXXEL of Colrain served first as a Second
Lieutenant in Captain Hugh McClellan's Company of Minute Men, in
Colonel Samuel William's Regiment, which marched in response to the
alarm of April 19, 1775. He was an Ensign in Captain Robert Oil
Company, in Colonel Doolittle's Regiment, from May, through the vear.

ENSIGN JONAS PROCTER of Westford was a Corporal in Captain
Timothy Underwood's Company, in Colonel William Prescott's Regiment
of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He was engaged May 2, as an Ensign in
Captain Joel Fletcher's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regi-
ment, and served through the year.

ENSIGN WILLIAM THURLO of Fitchburg was a Lieutenant in
Captain Ebenezer Bridge's Company, in Colonel John Whitcomb's Regi-
ment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He served as an Ensign in Captain
Josiah Stearns's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment ; en-
gaged July 13, 1775. He was a Lieutenant in the same company later in
the year. In 1776 he was Captain in the 8th. Regiment, Worcester County
Militia. In August, 1777, he was Captain of a company which marched
under command of Major Ebenezer Bridge, to reinforce the troops at
Bennington. In the following year he served under the same commander,
and in July-September of that year was Captain of a company in Colonel
Josiah Whitney's Regiment.

ENSIGN FRANCIS WILSON of Holden held that rank in Cap-
tain John Jones's Company, in Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's Regiment; en-
gaged April 24, 1775. The Colonel and others, in a communication to
General Washington, stated that he "behaved most valiantly in the Charles-
town fight". He was a Captain in Colonel Danforth Keyes' Regiment ;
engaged June 27, 1777, and elected Major in the same regiment, then under
Colonel Nathaniel Wade, February 27, 1778. He served as a Captain in
Colonel Samuel Denny's Regiment from October 21 to November 23, 1779.

ENSIGN OLIVER WORK of Holliston was an Ensign in Captain
Jacob Miller's Company, from April, through 1775.

THE REV. JAMES NOYES HOUSE

IN NEWBURY

By Benjamin Lake No yes. M. D.

Robert Noyes, of Cholderton, County of Wilts, England, through a
negotiation with John Thornburg, in 1596, secured the '"advowsan"' or
Tight of presentation of the rectory of his parish in such a way as to place
William, one of his three sons, as pastor in that church. This Rev. William
.was born in 1568 and died in Cholderton shortly before 1622, after serving
as rector about twenty years. He m. Anne Parker about 1595, and of
their six children, the third and fourth, James and Nicholas Noyes, together
with their cousin, Rev. Thomas Parker, in March, 1633, embarked for New
England in the ship "Mary and John," of London, and were among the first
settlers of Newbury, Mass., May, 1635. They first settled at the "Lower
Green" on the Parker River, but in a very few years, upon the removal of
the meeting house, in 1646, to the "L'pper Green," Rev. James transferred
his abode to a palatial (for the times) residence which he built near the
church, and the same is yet found standing on what is now known as
Parker street, Newbury, where he lived until death. He served as teacher
in the Newbury church over which the Rev. Thomas Parker was pastor.

In the "Proprietors Book" it is recorded that, "In consideration of Mr.
James Noyes his resigning up unto the towns hands four acres by the river
(Parker) side, Two acres in Richard Rents Island & four acres in the Xeck
behind the great Swamp, they granted him eight acres by the New Pond
at the New Town to continue in his and his heyrs for ever."

There is no date to this record, but it is probable that the grant did not
take effect until 1646, as the commissioners appointed, in 1642, to lay out
the new town, ordered "that in respect of the time for the inhabitants re-
moving from the place they now inhabit, to that which is laid out and ap-
pointed for their new habitations, each inhabitant shall have their house
lotte foure years from the day of the date of the commission."

The house was built about this time (1646) and the two cousins,
minister and teacher, lived therein in pleasant companionship for nearly

.■-•=&

3r" , mi

.-*.*

^ ter,

gffij I

"ff2?:

THE REV. JAMES NOYES HOUSE 31

ten years, when Mr. Noyes died, Oct. 22, 1656, aged forty-eight Mr.
Parker, writing of him, says "He was much honored and esteemed in the
Country, and his death was much bewailed. I think he may be reckoned
among the greatest worthies of the age.''

The will of the Rev. James Xoyes, dated Oct. 16, 1656, gave all his
real estate and personal^ property to his wife, Sarah, who was the el
daughter of Joseph Brown, of Southampton, England. In the inventory,
filed in the Probate Office, in Salem, mention is made of a house with -even
acres of land adjoining and an orchard all valued at 100 pounds. The en-
closure described as an orchard will account for the additional acre named
in the original proprietors grant. The house, orchard, and premises covered
by this will are fairly well shown by the accompanying photograph taken
by the author about the year 1902.

The widow and children, of Rev. James Xoyes. continued to live in the
house, with the Rev. Thomas Parker as an honored member of the family.
and here Mr. Parker died, unmarried, April 24, 1677. Mrs. Xoyes died ten
or twelve years later and the house passed into the possession of her son
Thomas, who was twice married and had thirteen children, and whose
further offspring, for several successive generations, resided therein ; the
last occupant being Miss Mary Coffin Xoyes (of the sixth generation from
the Rev. James Xoyes), who died Jan. 2, 1895.

The old house is still in a fine state of preservation as is readily attested
to by a glance at the photographic view, and it. no doubt, is the oldest one
in town. The heavy oak frame shows no signs of decay and occasional
repairs have kept the exterior walls in excellent condition. The chimney
was formerly about four yards square at the base, and extended nearly to
the rear wall of the house. About the year 1881 it became necessary to
somewhat reduce its size and in doing so, the existence of a secret closet
was discovered. There was no entrance to it from either the first or second
story and the only way of access was from the cellar. It was evidently con-
structed to serve as a safe hiding-place or deposit vault for gold and silver
and other valuables that might require absolute security from fire or other
destructive agencies that existed then, more so than today — especially
Indian raids.

The main house was originally of four rooms, each about 18 by 22 feet.
The west part was added on by Silas Xoyes over one hundred years ago —
or about 1803. The southeast room, down stairs, is now 18 by 21 feet and
contains many articles associated with old bygone days. The northeast

32 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

side has the old table and chair of Rev. James Xoyes, brought from Eng-
land. In the hall, by the stairs is an old fashioned table, very oddl)
signed so as to fold up, if necessary. This is called an "eight legged table"
and, together with an old oak arm chair, very heavy and clumsy, and some
other articles, was also brought from England. The arrangement of the
rooms is after the style of the times and the addition of the wing at the
back gives the house the shape of the letter L. The small front entry with
doors opening on either side, and the narrow staircase, making two square
turns in an ascent of less than a dozen steps, has never been altered. The
slender balusters are very quaint and seem very fragile to one not accus-
tomed to the "old fashioned ways". The cellar door opens under the -tairs
and it is here that one first realizes the great bulk of the chimney, sufficient
of which was removed to allow for the establishment of a small kitchen
between the two large rooms in the main part of the house. The bricks
falling out at the back of the chimney, owing to an excessive amount of
sand in the mortar, was one incentive prompting the reducing of the
chimney and of bricks and mortar taken away there were 20 wagon 1
Much of the plastering on the ceilings is over 250 years old and is as firm
as ever. To enumerate the articles of antique furniture and heirlooms
which this house contains would require more space than can be devoted
to the purpose.

The northeast chamber has been divided into three ample apartments
and the southeast chamber into two, each as large as the average room in
a dwelling of our time.

In the rough, unfinished attic, which extends the whole length oi the
house, are many of the relics of the Xoyeses of each generation, a clutter
of most everything. Here we find three old guns, nearly six feet long and
falling into pieces from extreme age. There we discover two swords, one
an army weapon of antique pattern and the other a gentleman's^ rapier.
such as dangled by the side of the gallants of old. ready to spring forth in
a flash to defend an honored name, to resent an insult, or to strike a blow
for church and country. May these things continue to be cherished for as
many centuries and years to' come! The elm trees shown in the pictures
were' undoubtedly planted about the time of the house's construction.

Without grimace or complaint, this treasured abode — a cherished
memento — has combated the storms and tempests of over two and a half
centuries: but it still stands a memorial of the past, closely identifiedwuh
the pioneer history of Newbury and -the domestic and sacred lives of two
of its eminent divines, these first occupants both sleeping in the same
cemetery close bv. ,, .

The highway shown in the photograph is called "Parker Street in
honor to him who lived so nigh.

THE PATHFINDER AT MARIETTA,

OHIO, IN 1888.

By George Sheldon.

The public is always responsive to "personal recollections" of distinguished
people. Aside from its interest in the tale I have to tell, it seems fitting
that an incident in the career of Mrs. Mary A. Livermore, to which I was
knowing, should have a permanent record as of historic value in the annals
of woman's achievement.

The third week of July, 1SSS, was a gala time in Marietta, Ohio. The five
states carved out of the great Northwest Territory, had sent their most emi-
nent citizens back to Marietta, the maternal hive, to celebrate the centennial
of her birth. Governor Foraker and his stirring wife, kept open house during
that week, in a fine mansion vacated for the occasion by the public-spirited
owner. Tents were pitched upon the spacious lawn, for the governor's staff,
and high officers of the state militia. Sentinels in showy uniforms guarded
the grounds, day and night. Here were made welcome the distinguished
visitors. There were representatives from the states of the great Xorthwest
Territory, and men from the grandmother states, men of national fame who
took part in the ceremonies of the week. Senator Evarts of New York, the
eloquent but cold and philosophic orator; Senator Daniels the ardent, still
Virginia's favorite son ; the stately and polished Senator Sherman ; Gen-
eral Ewing, the popular idol of Ohio; Professor Butler, the traveler and
oriental scholar; Professor Hinsdale, the historian; Bishop Gilmore, Gov-
ernor Smith, Senator Palmer, and a host of other leading men of the great
Northwest. Busy among them all was Mrs. Martha J. Lamb, taking notes
for the "Magazine of American History."

Apart and apparently aloof from them all, was the calm and dignified
Mrs. Mary Livermore. For it had been decreed in the councils of the high-
bred women of the city, who were several rounds of the ladder in advance of
the men, that the work done by the pioneer women could be represented
more fittingly by a woman ; and for this office they selected Mrs. Livermore.

34 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

How far this step was in defiance of the "Lords of Creation," does not ap-
pear. Marietta was said to be "the richest and slowest of Ohio cities," and
this was a radical advance for the place and event. The women had in view Mrs,
Livermore's advanced position as a leader in demanding the rights of woman,
and they were walking on thin ice; for the woman suffragists had so far, no
standing in that stronghold of conservatism. There is no outside word as to
this work of the committee of arrangements, but to show the inside object of
inviting Mrs. Livermore, I will quote from a letter by one who was appar-
ently on the committee.

"In arranging a program which should properly celebrate the work of the
Settlers it was recognized by the Committee that a part of the work done
by the pioneer women must be presented by a woman speaker, and an invi-
tation was sent to Mrs. Livermore to fill that honored place. In our corre-
spondence we used the arguments most likely to touch Mrs. Livermore's prin-
ciples and opinions, as well as to overbalance the penalty of fatigue in a long July
journey. To win her consent stress was laid on the fact that at no previous
Centennial Celebration of this character, had woman been accorded such
prominence as was now intended. It was an advance movement ^hich as a
Suffragist, she would, or should, value at its full worth. % She would be able to
emphasize the work of women, not as mothers only, but as co-workers in
founding, nursing and developing the great communities of the Xorthwest.
Of course such a review would be a tribute to woman's power of endurance,
and to her preservation, even in hardships, of those gentler forms of life.
all too apt to sink from sight in the camps of soldier or pioneer. This was
almost too obvious to call for oratory, but experience shows that the obvious
was not recognized at all by a large per cent of the history makers."

Through a fortuitous chain of circumstances I had been introduced to
the managers of the celebration; had been invited to attend, and been as-
signed to the hospitality of Mr. W. H. B , and his charming wife, who

were among the leaders of the Committee of One Hundred. Thus I had an op-
portunity to see some of the inside workings of the machine. The exercises
of the celebration were opened on Sunday.

Mrs. Livermore had been advertized in the printed program to appear on
the platform on Monday morning. This was changed to Monday evening.
An enterprising newspaper man printed an abstract of the address on Tuesday.
as having been delivered Monday evening, and said she had a large and in-
terested audience. But through some influence unknown to me. another
party was put in her place for Monday evening. This was not an unusual.

* 698877

THE PATHFINDER AT MARIETTA 35

nor was it the only break by the reporters. The small office force at com-
mand had more matter than it could digest. Frequent and sudden changes
in the program occurred, and the contemporary newspaper reports cannot
always be depended upon as to the order of events. As has been said, Mrs.
Livermore's address had been put off; after the heavy artillery had been
discharged as they supposed, another date was fixed upon. It was to be in
the evening, the third meeting of the day. On the morning of that day, my
hostess appeared to be much disturbed in her mind. Her face was clouded,
and she was seen occasionally gazing into vacancy. Presuming on my in-
timacy in the family, I ventured to inquire the reason of this apparent

trouble. What was going amiss? "Mrs. B frankly told me that she was

worrying as to what kind of a reception Mrs. Livermore would receive in
Marietta, the stronghold of conservatism. No woman had yet appeared on
her public platform. Would anybody go to hear her? Would she be inter-
rupted? abused? allowed to go on? Would she be insulted on the street when
recognized? What did I think she could do to help matters along smoothly.

Mrs. B had evidently been instrumental in bringing this radical woman

to Marietta, and the responsibility was weighing heavily. The crucial hour
was near. She was in torturing uncertainty as to the outcome. She was
slightly relieved when assured that from my knowledge of Mrs. Livermore
she need not have the slightest fear as to how the orator would be received
by the audience. Regarding the number of hearers, we had no right to ex-
pect a large meeting after the gatherings and orations of morning and
afternoon, for there was a limit to human endurance and capacity for listen-
ing, But get any audience, small or large, face to face with Mrs. Livermore,
you need have no doubt whatever of a satisfactory result. There will be no
insult, and no interruption, you may be sure of that. Mrs. B was grate-
ful for this assurance, but she did not so fully rely upon it as I could
wish. She had as little faith in my assurance, as I had sympathy in her
troublous fear ; she was also very skeptical about getting any audience at ah\

It may be supposed that Mrs. B- represented the general feelings of the

women, and it was decided, during the day, to open the evening with a pro-
cession of the Marietta women in carriages. This was a shrewd scheme,
worthy the sharpest wits. The women would all be thus committed to the
cause, would give Mrs. Livermore open support, and backing; they would
become, at least, the nucleus of an audience, and above all, if worst came
to worst, in case of any disturbance, the men of Marietta must rally to the
rescue of their wives and daughters.

36 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

So at the appointed time a long array of carriages filled with women
was drawn up on the street where Mrs. Livermore had been entertained by Mr.
and Mrs. L— — , ready for the parade. I was among the men who crowded the
sidewalk, and noticed some shifting of the occupants. Suddenly I was seized
by two marshals, resplendent with the insignia of office, who conducted me
to the leading carriage in which Mrs. Livermore was seated, and asked me
to enter. I positively refused ; told them there was some mistake; that I
knew- all the arrangements of the affair; not a man but the coachmen
was to be in the procession. A moment later, the marshals appeared again
with smiling faces, saying, ' 'Well, we have orders to put the gentleman from
Massachusetts into this carriage."

Perhaps the hearts of the management had failed at the last moment ;
they could not take the risk of letting Mrs. Livermore go out of sight into
unknown hazzards without a Massachusetts body guard. So, they may have
reasoned, the responsibility will be divided. This was only twenty years
ago. With our present light, all these performances seem almost incredible.

The signal given, the procession moved. With the rattle of drums,
the braying of brass, the flashing lights and waving flags, we paraded the
principal streets. The crowds were orderly, respectful. There were no signs of
disturbance. But there was no cheering, no appearance whatever of approval.
Doubts must needs arise. What is the meaning of all this machinery? What
means this crowd, this silence? Does it bode ill or good? What will the
harvest be?

Calm as a mountain lake in the moonlight, sat Mrs. Livermore utterly
innocent of anything unusual in the air; not indifferent to the supposed
honor paid her, but not having the most distant idea of ill or mischance.
She had long been accustomed to the lime light.

She had also been accustomed to crowded houses in the East, and I felt
it my duty r to prepare her against a sudden disappointment. I dwelt upon
the fact of the great meetings day after day, of the two meetings that very day,
of a limit to the listening power, and said "we have no right to expect more
than a small audience to-night." ''How many do you predict?" she at length
asked. "You will have just twelve hundred," was the positive reply.

"If I have twelve hundred," she said.'T shall be entirely satisfied. When

Senator Evarts closed his eloquent oration he had only for I counted

them." (Mrs. L gave the exact number which I cannot recall, but it

was about six or seven hundred).

When the procession reached the front of the great Memorial Auditorium

THE PATHFINDER AT MARIETTA 37

on the bank of the Muskingum it turned down by one side to reach the
platform by the rear entrance. As we passed the first and second of the
great tall side doors, there was to be seen within a wide and dreary expanse
of empty seats, and I trembled for my reputation as aprophet. But the
lower door revealed a compact semicircle of men and women seated before
the platform.

"Look there, Mrs. Livermore, there is your twelve hundred I promised,"
said the prophet. " Yes, there is, just about that, and I am entirely
satisfied."

The face of Mrs. B , which had reminded one of the last quarter of

the waning moon, now brightened up a trifle. We passed round to the rear
where were men in plenty to help the women up the steps to the waiting room
back of the platform. All parties looked pleased, the experiment was so far a
success. The women were safe and sound, and an audience was waiting, twelve
hundred strong. After a delay of four or five minutes for the women to
preen themselves, we passed-in to the platform. A wonderful transformation
met the eye. We almost ceased to breathe with amazement. Even* seat in
that vast auditorium was filled, every door was crowded with faces, and on
the great platform stood hundreds of the leading men of the Centennial Cele-
bration. Governors crowded United States Senators, Senators elbowed Judges
•of the Supreme Court and officers of the several states. There even seemed

scant room for the women escort. Mrs. B and the prophet exchanged

swift glances. Her face glowed with the light of a double full moon, if such
there could be. Together we looked on an audience of nearly six thousand
people, awaiting the speaker in perfect silence. Together we looked upon the
quiet but glowing face of Mrs. Livermore. Grand and queenly she stood,
apparently the least surprised of us all, as if her feet were now on her native
heath.

The silence was not for long. Mrs. Livermore had hardly taken the stand
when see seemed to be caught up on the wings of a great enthusiasm, far
beyond what I had ever before witnessed. She fully realized the situation ;
she felt the call to the uttermost, she saw the flood tide of opportunity,
and responded magnificently. For an hour and a half she held that vast
mass of humanity in the hollow of her hand, and swayed it at her will, as
she might wave a silken banner. History, patriotism, reverence for woman,
duty, service and sacrifice in the civil and social life of man and the nation,
all took on a new form and meaning from her inspired lips. Cold indifference
•and the chain armor of fortified conservatism were alike melted in her elo-

38 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

quent and fervid pleadings for the right. Her strong but musical voice reached"
every ear in that rapt assembly, and applause from platform and floor filled
the air as her eloquent periods enriched her lofty themes. Not one foot-print
pointed outward during that long oration ; but those standing without
pressed steadily in, until every one of the long aisles was packed solidly to
the platform, and every inch of standing room about the side doors was but
a compact mass of faces with every eye fixed steadfastly on the speaker..

By unquestioned assent Mrs. Livermore's spontaneous outpouring was
the event of the week. That night, as all agreed, she stormed the heart and
head of Marietta. The backbone of conservatism was damage 1 beyond
repair. Progress in civil and social life succeeded indifference and sloth, and
the century-old Marietta entered on a new era of vital thought and action.

The uppermost reason for the invitation of Mrs. Livermore to Marietta
has been given in an extract from a correspondent's offering. Another ex-
tract from the same source will show the result, as measured by her discern-
ing mind, of the immediate and ultimate effect of this address of Mrs.
Livermore. She says: — "The majestic appearance of -Mrs. Livermore, her
voice and personal presence, were fully equal to the large audience and the
■spacious platform. From the first word to the last, she held her audience
with an ease which implied strength and eloquence hardly drawn upon. — a
remarkable exhibition of physical vitality and mental resource. Perhaps,"
she continues, "it may be asked how much of that spell she worked over the
gathered throng, was due to what met the eye, and how much the ear.
The indirect influences of Mrs. Livermore's presence on this occasion should
not be ignored, however impossible to trace them. So far as the town of
Marietta is a measure, while public opinion was fairly ready for sneaking by
women in the churches and the City Hall, it was a jar to many conservatives,
that a woman should be asked to address delegates from five states, and an
audience up in the thousands. When the event came to hand, when the
woman filled her part victoriously, and the people 'cried for moro." one more
nail had been driven in the coffin of medievalism. Whatever advance in
woman's share of civic and national hie takes form in this great Middle
West, while few may appreciate the pathfinder, certain it is that a wide and
upward way began, and continues from Mrs. Livermore's address at Marietta
in 1SS8,"

■•*

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Carpenter, Harriet, b. 1805; m. Elijah
Kingsley of Mich. Berrien Port., 426.

John E., soldier of 1S12; set. X. Y.

Berrien Port., 512.
Josiah, b. Adams, 1801; set. X. Y.,

1826, Mich., 1836. Lenawee Hist. II,

460; Lenawee Port., 612.

Julius, b. Worcester, 1836; set. Mich.,

1836. Oakland Port., 62S.

— Powell, b. 1771; set. X. Y., 1800!
Oakland Biog., 423.

— R., b. 1806; set. Mich., 1844. Wash-

tenaw Hist., 495.

— Sidney, b. Worcester Co., 1810; set.
N. Y., 1824, Mich., 1836. St. Joseph,
188.

— William, b. Charlestown, 1'

set.

N. H., X. Y., 1808. Lenawee Illus., 120;

Lenawee Port., 1202.
Carrier, Elijah, b. 1798; set Ct., X. Y.

Hillsdale Port., 5S2.
Carroll, Deborah of Rowe; m. 1845 Josiah

Upton of Mass. and Mich. Clinton

Past., 422.
Carruth, Thomas, b. Marlborough, 1849;

set. Mich., 1883. Monroe, appendix 36.

Carter, Ira F., set. Wis., 1840? Saginaw

Hist., 840.
Xathaniel, b. Leominster, 1806; set.

Mich., 1831. Macomb Hist., 226, 245,

691.
Cary, Martha A., m. 1869 T. C. Bishop of

Mich. Jackson Hist., 1064.
Seiden P., b. Williamstown, 1819;

set. Mich., 1853. Detroit, 1453.
Case, Ezekiel, b. Washington; set. X. Y.,

1810? Mich. Hillsdale Port.. 233.
James, set. X. Y., 1800? Oakland

Port., 347.
Sarah B., b. 1831; set. Mich. Wash-

tenaw Hist., 495.

Casey, Samuel, b. Lanesboro, 1803; set.
N. Y., Mich., 1826. Washtenaw Hist.,
1075.

Cassada, James, set. X. Y., d. 1836. Grat-
iot, 560.

Castle, Melissa, m. 1825 Ashley Parks of
X.Y. and Mich. Washtenaw Hist., 1310.

Caswell, Solomon, b. Belchertown, 1700;

set. X. Y., 1805, ()., 1817. Mich., 1821.

Oakland Hist., 286.
Catlix, Jane, b. 1813; m. Daniel Hull of

O. and Mich. Ionia Port., 318.
Caulkins, Betsey, m. 1815!' Horace Hovey

of O. and Mich. Clinton Port., 480.
Cawkins, Priscilla, m. 1825:' Frederick

Prior of Mass. and Mich. Oakland

Biog., 577.
Cazar, Jane. m. 1805 'Elijah Moore of X.Y.

Isabella, 477.
Chace, Jonathan, b. Worcester Co., -et.

Vt., 1800? Saginaw Hist., 820.
Chadwick, Benjamin F., set. X. Y., Mich.

Berrien Hist., 479.
Lewis, b. 1799; set. Vt., 1800, Mich.,

1834. St. Clair, 308.
Chalker, Xathaniel, b. 1780; set. Yt.,

X. Y., Mich., 1837. Clinton Port., S90.
Chamberlain, Benjamin, set. X. Y , 1815?

Kent, 702.
C. Cloa, of Dudley; m. 1805 Moses

Curtis of X.Y. Kalamazoo Hist, facing

476.
Eliza M.. b. Petersham. 1809; m. 1st,

Jesse Rogers of Mass. and Mich., m. 2d,

Robert J. Street of Mich. Lenawee

Hist. I, 471.

Luther, b. Westford, 1795: set. Yt.,

X. Y., Mich., 1839. Kalamazoo Hist.,
403.

Milton, set. Mich.; d. 1859. Genesee

Port., 511.

Moses, b. Hopkinton. 1757; set. X. H.,

Vt. Berrien Port., 885.

Xicholas. set. X. Y., 1790? Kala-
mazoo Port., 381.

Samuel, b. Chelsea. 1734; set. X. H.,

Vt. Berrien Port., 885.

Chambkrun*. Benjamin, b. Bedford. 1S06;
set. X. Y., Mich.. 1836. Calhoun, 175.

John M.. b. Springfield. 1S09; set.

X. Y., Mich., 1828. Oakland Port., 672.
Xancy, of Dalton. m. 1S05 5 Harry

Day of X. Y. Macomb Hist., 695.

Porter, set. Mich., 1829. St. Clair.

721.

(To be continued.)

-xS£ *zg$m»^

' i

—

;•:

THE WILLIAMS HOUSE AT DEERFIELD

In its association with the eventful past, this venerable house is one
of foremost interest among the many historic houses still standing in the old
frontier town of Deerfield.

It was in a house occupying this same site that Parson John Williams
and his family were sleeping on the occasion of that murderous Indian raid
in 1704 when he and his family were dragged away to captivity, after two
of his children and a negro nurse had been slain.

His wife was also killed the next day but he escaped death, and wrote a
narrative of his dreadful experiences, which was published and forms one of
the important contributions to the history of the Indian wars in the Massa-
chusetts colony.

After a long captivity his release was secured. He left behind him his
daughter Eunice, 7 years old, who married an Indian, 1713, and relapsed into
their barbarous- ways.. He returned to Deerfield, and his home was rebuilt
for him by the town, which is the house standing today.

He married again in 1707, and died in 1729, but his widow continued to
live here until 1754.

Ownership in the house' succeeded to one of Parson Williams' children,
Maj. Elijah Williams (son by his second wife), who made extensive repairs
to the house in 1756. But Mr. George Sheldon, Deerheld's historian, has
given careful investigation to the subject, and concludes that there is no
doubt but that the original frame of the old house is still preserved.

The following is a brief description of the house from Mr. Sheldon's pen.
It is an extract from a public appeal made in 1879 which saved the house
from destruction:

The house stands fronting the east, is two stories high, the main part 47x21 feet, a
gambrel-roofed ell 40x23 projects from the southwest rear, and a "lean-to" 20x10 from
the northwest rear, the whole covered with rived or cleft clap-boards, nicely joined.
There are nine windows in front and five at each end, and they are rather_ narrow.
The upper tier are set close under the cornice, the lower ones are finished with hand-
some pointed pediments. There are three doors-one in front, one in the southwest cor-
nor of the main building, and one in the ell. The front entrance is quite an elaborate
affair; the door is double or folding, each divided into three parts, the upper finished
with oblong, the center with square panels, and the lower with a sort of crusaders' cross.
In the top of the door is a window, and a fine old brass knocker invites entrance.

Entering, on the right and left are doors opening to the front rooms. These are
finished with fine chimney-pieces, rich panels, and a heavy cornice, while the massive
summer-tree across the centre cuts the ceiling into two large, deep panels. Both
rooms have barred wooden shutters, and deep, cosy window-seats, suggesting security
and comfort.

In the south end of the garret is a finished room, and from this room a flight of
stairs goes down into a mysterious room in the second story which is entirely isolated
from the rest of the chambers. Adjoining this room is another, some eight feet square.
near the center of the house, in the floor of which is a trap-door. This being raised
discloses a very narrow and crooked stair-case landing in a small, dark closet _on the
lower floor, and with a trap-door in this, the cellar might be reached, thus affording
communication between the garret and cellar secluded from observation and entirely
distinct from the hall stairs or the back stairs in the ell.

SOME ARTICLES CONCERNING MASSACHU

SETTS IN RECENT MAGAZINES

General. English notes about early set-
tlers in New England. Communicated
by Lothrop Withington. (Essex Insti-
tute. Historical collections, Oct., 190S.
v. 44, p. 371-374 .

How Mass. utilizes waste and neg-
lected lands. Outlook. 1 Aug.. 190S.
v. 89. p. 735-736).

Irish names in colonial military his-
tory. By P. O. Larkin. 'American
Catholic quarterlv review. Julv. 190S.
v. 33. p. 471-485).

Legal qualifications of voters in

Mass. (Essex antiquarian. Oct., 190S.
v. 12, p. 145-151). *

Barnstable. Barnstable vital records.
Transcribed by G. E. Bowman. | May-
flower descendant. Oct.. 1908. v. 10. p.
249-250).
Part 12: began in Oct.. 1900. v. 2. p. 212.

Barnstable County. Cape Cod canal.
i By W. B. Parsons, (Annals of the

American academy of political and social
science, Jan.. 1908. v. 31. p. 81-91).

Knocking about Cape Cod. Bv

T. F. Day. (Outing. Aug.. 190S. v. 52,
p. 57S-58S).

Unrecorded Barnstable Countv deeds.

Collected bv G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant'. Oct.. 190S. v. 10. p. 23S-
241.)
Part 3; be-an in July. 1906. v. 8. p. 155.

Boston. The battle for free speech. The

police adopt Russian methods in Boston.

Bv B. O. Flower. Arena. Oct.. 1908. v.

40, p. 345-350).
On the refusal by the authorities to allow a pub-
He meeting of Lett?. Aug. 3, 190S. to protest against
police methods.
Fenway district and its notable

buildings. (Inland architect. Julv, 1908.

v. 52, p. 3-4).
Boxford. Ancient Pearl house. West

Boxford. I Essex antiquarian. Oct.. 190S.

v. 12, p. 175 and frontispiece.
Brewster see Harwich.
Bristol County. Abstracts from the

.first book of Bristol County probate

records. Copied by Mrs. L. H. Green-
law. | Xew England' historical and genea-
logical register, Oct.. 190S. v. 62, p 345-
352,.
Part 5: (first three instalments a p pe ar ed in Gen-

alogical advertiser. Dec. 1900- Dec.. 1901 aad the

:ourth in the Register. Ju I

Brooklixe. The wealthiest town in the
world and the best governed. By T. F.
Anderson. (Xew England magazine,

Nov., 190S. v. 39. p. 26-3-2

Cape Cod see Barnstable County.

Charles River. Boating on the Charles
River. Bv A. S. Pier. (Outing, Aug.,
1908. v. 52. p. 543-555 .

Chatham. Deaths in Chatham. 1S36.
(Xew England historical and gene:,
cal register, Oct.. 1908. v. 62. p. 382-383.

Chatham vital records. Transcribed

bv G. E. Bowman. < Mayflower descend-
ant. Oct.. 190$. v. 10. p.' 194-19S .

Part 9; be -an in July. 1902. v. 4. p. 1*2.

Concord. A river that binds today with
yesterday. [Concord River] By Perry
Walton. (Xew England magazine. Nov.,
190S. v. 39. p. 311-315).

Tarry* at home travel. ■ 1SS9. By

E. E. Hale. III. I Xew England magazine,
Nov.. 190S. v. 39. p. 376-381 .

Dennis. Dennis vital records, trans-
scribed bv M. A. Baker. Mayflower
descendant. Oct.. 1908. v. 10. p. 209-
213.

Part 9: began in Jan.. 1904. v. 6. p. 2.

Douglas. Capt. Job Knapp chapter.
D.A.R. East Douglas. By Mrs. Effie M.

Jones, historian. I American monl
magazine. Oct.. 190S. v. 33. p. 914 .
Eastham. The records of Wellfleet, for-
merly the North precinct of East
Transcribed by G. E. Bowman. May-
flower descendant. Oct.. 190S. v. 10.

p. 221-225).
Par. 7. 11739-1745);

began Oct.. 1902.

4. p.

— Records of the First church in
Orleans, formerlv the First church in

RECENT MAGAZINE ARTICLES

Eastham. (Mayflower descendant, Oct.,
1908. v. 10. p/230-233).

Part 2 (1 772-1 77S); began Julv, 1908. v. 10, p.
16o.

Essex County. Abstracts of all records
in vol. 6 of the Suffolk County registry
of deeds, relating to Essex County.
(Essex antiquarian, Oct.. 190S. v. 12,
p. 167).
Part 6; began in July. lCCo. v. 9, p. 97.

Essex County notarial records,

1097-1768. (Essex' Institute. Historical
collections, Oct.. 190S. v. 44, p. 325-331).

Part 9 (1719-1721); began 190.5. v. 41. p. 1S3.

Ipswich court records and files.

(Essex antiquarian, Oct., 1908. v. 12,
p. 168-172).

Part 6 (1658); began Jan.. 1904. v. 8. p. 1.

Newspaperjtems relating to Es-sex

County. (Essex Institute. Historical
collections, Oct.. 1908. v. 44, p. 338-
347).

Part 5 (1757-1758^: began 1906. v. 42, p. 214.

Soldiers and sailors of the Revolu-
tion. (Essex antiquarian, Oct., 1908. v.
12, p. 185-187).

Names Brimblecom to Brooks. From state rec-
ords. Began in v. 1, Jan.. 1897.

Essex County see also Norfolk County,
Old.

Fitchburg. An eastern city with western
ideas. Bv D. C. O'Connor. (Xew Eng-
land magazine, Oct., 1908. v. 39, p. 199-
213).

Gloucester. A sea lover's paradise.
By S. T. Franklin. (Xew England mag-
azine, Aug., 1908. v. 38, p. 689-696).

Harwich. Records of the First parish in
Brewster, formerly the First parish in
Harwich. Transcribed by G. E. Bow-
man. (Mavflower descendant, Oct., 1908.
v. 10, p. 251-253).

Part 13; began Oct.. 1902. v. 4, p. 242.

Haverhill. Haverhill inscriptions prior
to 1800. Greenwood cemetery. (Essex
antiquarian, Oct., 1908. v. 12, p. 155).

Haverhill inscriptions prior to 1800.

•Walnut cemeterv. (Essex antiquarian,
Oct., 1908. v. 12. p. 152-155).

Mansfield. Mansfield, an economic study.
By C. M. Rockwood. (Xew England
magazine, Dec, 1908. v. 39, p. 493-499).

Marlborough, Colonial records of Marl-
borough. Copied by Miss M. E. Spalding
and communicated by F. P. Rice. (Xew

England historical and eenealogical n
ter, Oct., 1908, v. 62. p. 336 344),

Part 2 (1661-1662); be^an July, 190S. v. 62 :>.
220.

Marshfield. Gravestone records from
the "Two mile" cemetery. Urr i
Xorth Marshfield. Communicated by
J. \V. Willard. < Mayflower de .cendant,
Oct., 1908. v. 10. p. 246-249)

Medfield. A private record of deaths in
Medfield, 174&-1844. Kept by Thank-
ful (Adams) Bullard, Amy Bullard and
Elizabeth Bullard. Xew England
torical and genealogical regi.-ter, Oct.,
1908. v. 62. p. 368-372).

Medford. Unpublished manustr
Washington in Medford. and Li I
schoolmasters. 1789-1821. (Med tor:
torical register. Oct., 1908. v. 11. p. W-
96).

Nantucket. Xantucket Island. 'Sub-
urban life, Boston. Julv. 1908. v. 7, p.
15-16, 46-47).

The Spectator [on Xantucket]. Out-
look, 1 Aug., 1908. v. 89. p. 745-7413 .

Tales of an old whaling town. By

R. P. Gettv. (World to-dav. Chicago,
July. 1908' v. 1.5. p. 701-708).

Newbury see Xewburyport.

Newburyport. The early church plate
of Xewburyport. Newbury, West New-
bury and ' Rowley. By J. H. Buck.
(Essex Institute. Historical collections,.
Oct., 1908. v. 44, p. 293-304).

Extracts from interleaved almanacs

kept in Newburyport, probably by
Joseph O'Brien. (Essex Institute. His-
torical collections, Oct.. 1908. v. 44. p.

332-337).

— Rev. John Murray.
Essex gazette, Sept. .5—12.

Reprint from
1769. Es^ex

Old. Old Norfolk
(Essex antiquarian,
p. 178-184).

antiquarian, Oct., 1908. v. 12. p. 173-
175).
Norfolk County,
County records.
Oct., 1908. v. 12.

Began in v. 1. Feb.. 1907. Xot the present Nor-
folk County but a county , organized in 1643 :o in-
clude the towns north of the Merrimack River.

Orleans see Eastham.

Pembroke. Gravestone records from the
Cemetery at Pembroke Centre. Com-
municated bv J. W. Willard. May-
flower descendant, Oct., 1908. v. 10. p.
234-238).

Part 6 (Parris-Sturtevant); began in Jan.. 1907
v. 9. p. 3.

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Pepperell. Prudence Wright chapter

D. A. R. Report by Lucy B. Page.

(American monthlv magazine, Dec,

1908. v. 33, p. 1135-1136).
Plymouth Colony. Plymouth Colony

deeds. (Mayflower descendant, Oct.,

1908. v, 10. p. 213-217).
1656-1657; series began in v. 1, Apr., 1899.

- Plymouth Colony wills and inven-

tories. (Mayflower descendant, Oct.,
1908, v. 10, p. 198-203).

1651; series began in v. 1, Jan.. 1899.
Plymptox. Gravestone records in the
Old cemetery at Plympton. Communi-
cated by J. W. Willard. (Mayflower
descendant, Oct., 1908. v. 10, p. 217-221).

Part 6 (M. -Pratt); began in Julv, 1906. v. 8, p.

150.

Rowley see Newbury port.

Salem. Notable paintings from old Salem.
By J. R. Dexter. (New England mag-
azine, Dec, 1908. v. 39, p. 419-422).

■ Revolutionary letters written to

Colonel Timothy Pickering. By George
Williams of Salem. (Essex Institute.
Historical collections, Oct., 1908. v. 44,
p. 313-324).
Part 4; began Oct.. 1906. v. 42. p. 313.

Salem in 1700. By Sidney Perley.

(Essex antiquarian, Oct., 1908. v. 12,
p. 177-178).

No. 33; series began in Nov., 1898; each number
has a plan showing old streets and boundary lines of
estates.

Scitlate. Records of the First church in
Scituate. Transcribed by G. E. Bow-
man. (Mayflower descendant, Oct., 1908.
v. 10, p. 225-230).

Part 2 (1716-1723); began in Apr.. 1908. v. 10.
p. 90.

Springfield. An international Fourth of
July. By Mary V. Clark. (Chanties and
The commons, X. Y., Julv 11, 1908 v.
20, p. 469-470).

Springfield, the model city of the

Connecticut Valley. By E. X. Bagg.
(Xew England magazine, Aug., 1908.
v. 38, p. 711-721).

Wellfleet. Records of the Duck Creek

cemetery, Wellfleet. Communicated by

S. W. Smith. (Mayflower descendant,

Oct., 1908. v. 10, p. '204-208).

Part 2 (Cheever-Freeman); began July, 1908.

v. 10, p. ISO.

Wellfleet see also Eastham.
West Newbury see Xewburyport.

Yarmouth. A Cape Cod Christmas gift.

By C. H. Miller. (Country life in America,

Dec, 190S. v. 15. p. 141-142. 204-206).

An old house in Yarmouthport and its contents.

Yarmouth vital records. Trans-
cribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, Oct., 1908. v. 10, p. 242-
245).

Part 9 (1692-1746); began in Oct., 1900. v. 2.
p. 207.

ipcptaimf of ft^miHmuS(floIutinn

Frank AXjtar_dner.M. D. Editor.

State Brigantine Independence.

This vessel although ably commanded
had the misfortune early to meet a supe-
rior force, and her career was shorter than
that of many of her sister ships. The first
legislation with reference to her construc-
tion was the following resolve; — ■

"In Council Deer 29 th 1775 Whereas
feveral of the united Colonies have of late
thought it expedient and necefsary, to fitt
out armed Vefsells for the Defence of
American Liberty, and it appears to this
Court necefsary that Meafures be taken
"by this Colony for our further Protection
by fea therefore

Refolved that Jn° Adams & Joseph
Palmer Esqr s with fuch as the Honourable
Houfe fhall join be a Committee to con-
iider and report to this Court a Plan for
fitting out one or more armed Vefsells,
for the Defence of American Liberty.

fent down for Concurrence

Perez Morton Dep- V Sec*"

In the Houfe of Reprefentatives

Read & concurred and Sent up Dec r
30, 1775, Coll Orne, M r Brown of Bofton
& Coll Otis are joined.

William Cooper,

Speaker Pro Tern."

A committee was appointed in the
House of Representatives, December 29.
1775, to report on a plan for fitting out
one or more armed vessels. This com-
mittee reported January 10. 1776. On
the 6th of February, the following act
was passed :

" Resolved, That there be built at
public Expense of this Colony, for the
Defence of American Liberty Ten Sloops
of War of one hundred & ten Tons or
fifteen Tons eich suitable to Carry from
fourteen to Sixteen Carriage Guns of Six
& four pounders. " Four days later the
"Com** for fitting out ten vefsells" had
a grant of £2000. On the 17th a resolve
was passed directing the committee to
suspend contract for more than five.

The committee on armed vessels was or-
dered, March 14th, to revise the act rel-
ative to fitting them out.

A report was made as follows: "To
the Hon ble the Council & House of Rep-
resentatives in Gen 1 Court afsembled at
Watertown, March 26, 1776.

The Memorial of William Sever & Thomas
Durfey.

That your Memorialists were by the
Hon 1 Court with others appointed on a
committee for building & equipping Su: I
armed vefsels which were proposed to be
rigged Sloops, that your Memorialists are
of the opinion the two vefsels they are
now building for that purpose are of such
size that it will be very Inexpedient to
rig them as Sloops, they therefore re-
quest that they may be authorized &
directed by y r honors to rig & fix the
s d Vefsells as Brigantines.

y r Memorialists would also represent to
y r honors that they are unable to purchase
Duck for sails for the said Vefsells 8c if
your honors think proper they prav that
the Comifsary Gen 1 be directed to Supply
them with Eighteen Bolts of duck out
of the Colony Stores for each of the
said vefsels & yr memorialists shall ever
pray.

W m Stover
Thomas Durfee "

Permission to make the change was
granted and 36 bolts of Duck were al-
lowed for use in the two vessels, April 3.
1776. Two days later the commi-sary was
directed to supply the duck required.

"The Houfe. according to the Order of
the Day, made choice by Ballot, of
Simeon Sampson, as a Captain to command
the armed Brigantine, building at Kings-
ton, for the Service of the Colony, under
the Direction of the honorable William
Sever Esq.

Sent up for Concurrence "
April 17, 1776.

" In the Houfe of Reprefentatives,
April 19, 1776.

The Committee appointed to report
fuitable Names for the five armed Vef-

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

seis now building by this Colony, reported
that the Brigantine building at Kingston
be called the Independence that the Brig-
antine building at Dartmouth be called
the Rijing Empire that the Sloop build-
ing at Salifbury be called the Tyrannicide
that one of the Sloops building as Swanzey
be called the Republic and the other the
Freedom.

Read and Accepted,
April 19, 1776.

Sent up for Concurrence,

J. Warren."

" In the House of Representatives,
April 24, 1770.

Resolved that the Commisary General
be & he is hereby directed to procure
Eight Duble fortified Cannon Suitable
for Ships use that will Carry a Ball of
6 lb w* each, one hundred & Twenty Swivel
Guns & Twenty Cohorns. also Ten Tons
of Round Shott. five Tons of Chain &
Duble headed Shott, Three Tons Grape
Shott, Three Tons of Powder and one Ton of
hand Grenadoes, as Soon as Pofsible, and
deliver the Same or anv part thereof to the
Hon W m Seiver y e Hon Rich' 1 Derby the
Hon Jerethmeel Bowers & Thomas Durfey
Esq 1 " and Cap c Josiah Batchelder J r or to
either of their O -Tiers to be bv them ap-
plied for the use of the armed Vefsels, now-
Building &c for the Service of this Colony.
Sent up for Concurrence

J. Warren Spkr
April 24, 1776."

The officers of the " Independence "
on her first cruise were as follows; —

Simeon Samson, Commander, Entered
service, April 17, 1776.

Daniel Adams, First Lieutenant, En-
tered service, Apiil 30, 1776.

Solomon Higgins, Second Lieutenant,
Entered service, May 2, 1776.

Walter Hatch, Master, Entered service,
April, 30, 1776.

Samuel Nutting, Surgeon, Entered ser-
vice, May 10, 1776.

Samuel Gilbert. Surgeon's Mate, Entered
service, May 10, 1776.

CAPTAIN SIMEON SAMSON'S full
record has already been published in this
magazine in v. I. pp. 195—8. The Indepen-
dence was the first naval vessel commanded
by him.

Captain Samson and Surgeon'-; Mate
Gilbert were from Plymouth, M
Walter Hatch from Hingham, and
geon Samuel Nutting from Danver No
record is lound of previous naval service
of any of the officers in the above

SECOND LIEUTENANT SOLOM
HIGGIXS resigned September 22nd, 1 770,
and Charles Dyer of Plymouth wa ;
pointed to that office in his stead.

MASTER WALTER HATCH was com-
missioned commander of the privateer
schooner " Hope" September 'J 6. 1776. hi^
service in the "Independence," ending four
days before that date. He later served in
the State brigantine, 'Hazard," and a full
account of said service will be found in
the Massachusetts Magazine, v. I. pp.
195-7. He was succeeded in the "* Inde-
pendence" by Theouhilus Cotton, of Ply-
mouth, who had served as Prizemaster
from July 1st.

The officers of the "Independence" were
then as follows; Simeon Samson, Captain;
Daniel Adams, First Lieutenant; Charles
Dver, Second Lieutenant: Theuphilus Cot-
ton, Master; Samuel Nuttine. Surgeon and
Samuel Gilbert. Surgeon's Mate.

In January 1777. thebrigantine. "Nancy."
prize of the brigantine "Independence " ar-
rived in Plymouth, under the command of
First Lieutenant Daniel Adams, manned
with 17 seamen and one boy from the
"Independence."

FIRST LIEUTENANT DANIEL
ADAMS left the "Independence" at this
time and was engaged January 20, 1777,
to go on board the State brigantine •Free-
dom" as First Lieutenant, under Captain
John Clouston. He served in the last
named vessel until captured some time be-
tween August and October, 1777. He was
exchanged in the following year for Rich-
ard Emmes. \Y\< commission as com-
mander of the sloop ''Lively" was approved
April 22, 1782. His name is erroneously-
given as " David" Adams in some of the
documents.

MASTER THEOPHILUS COTTON

left the vessel March 25, 1"77_ He was
commissioned November 15. 1777. Master's
Mate of the brigantine "Hazard." having
been engaged August 20, 1777. He served
until April 13. 1778. Reported deceased.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

SURGEON'S MATE SAMUEL GIL-
BERT al-o left the "Independence" March
25, 1777. He was commissioned Surgeon of
the state brigantine "Hazard"' November
15, of the same year, serving until March
24, 1778. He was reported sick at .Mar-
tinico.

The "Independence" was captured in the
spring of 1777. Captain Samson's name
appears in a list of prisoners sent from
Halifax by Sir George Collier, June 28,
1777, to be exchanged for British prisoners.
August 9, he was chosen Commander of
the vessel then building which was later
called the "Hazard." A record of his ser-
vice in this state vessel and the state ship
"Mars" has already been given in the Mas-
sachusetts Magazine, v. 1, pp. 195-8.

SECOND LIEUTENANT DYER was
also in the "Independence" when she was
captured. He was sent from Halifax June
28, to be exchanged. He was engaged
August 20, to serve as First Lieutenant on
the state brigantine "Hazard." His service
on that vessel has already been given, in
the above mentioned reference.

SURGEON SAMUEL NUTTING was
exchanged at the same time as his com-
mander. He was serving as Surgeon of
the ship "Rhodes," commanded by Captain
Nehemiah Buffington, August 14, 17S0.
His description being as follows: ''Age 38;
stature, oft. 8 in.; complexion, light; resi-
dence, Danvers." In the following year
he served from August 16, to December 2,
as Surgeon, Lieut. Col. Joseph Webb's
Regiment, said regiment being stationed
at Peekskill.

"State of Massachusetts Bay.

Council Chamber Aug 1 12, 1777.
You are hereby directed to pay out of
the public Treafury of this State to Capt
Simeon Sampson for the L'se of the men
borne on the annexed Roll for Services on
Board Brig Independence & during their
captivity from Jany 1777 to the 5th. July
1777 the Sum of One Hundred & Eighty
nine pounds & 2 d in full discharge of said
Roll.

for which this shall be your fuffi-
cient Warrant

By Advice of Council,
£1089:00:02 Jn° Avery, Dy Secr'y

Hon ble Henry Gardner Esq r Treasurer. "

"A List of the Small Arms & other War-
lik Implements taken in the Brigantine In-
dependence belonging to the Officers &
Men taken with said Brigantine under the
Command of Cap 1 Simeon Samfon

Simeon Samfon Cap' 1 Fuzee Compleat
& Small fword neetly mounted."

Charles Dyer first Lieu 1 1 Fuzee & Ranger
(and 21 petty officers and men who lost
1 gun each.)

This list was accompanied by a petition
from Captain Samson and Lieutenant
Dyer in which they state that, " Your
Petitioners flatter themselves, that their
conduct was fuch as has fecured to them
the approbation of their Countrymen, and
they cannot suppofe your Honors will
oblige them to fustain the lofs of weapons,
which they employed in defence of the
L nited States, and for the particular ad-
vantage of this. They therefore request
your Honors to grant them fuch a com-
penfation, as will enable them to replace
the Arms & accoutrements which they loft
as aforefaid. And your Petitioners as in
duty bound shall ever pray

Sim n Samson
Charles Dyer."

"The Committe on the Petition of Simion
Sampson Charles Dyer & others report by
way of Refolve —

State of Mafsachufetts Bay In the Houfe
of Reprefentatives December 15, 1777.

Refolved that the Board of War Deliver
to Cap 1 Simion Sampson Lef 1 Charles Dyer
(and 21 others) to each of them a Gun or
Firelock to Replace thofe Loft by them in
the Capture of the Brig* Independence.
Sent up for Concurrence,

J. Warren, Spk r "

February 11, 177S. Henry Goodwin peti-
tioned for back pay as clerk to Captain
Simeon Samson, commander of the "Inde-
pendence." The General Court resolved
that the "Comifsary of Stores of this State
be and he is hereby Directed to the Said
Henry Goodwin two hundred and Seven-
teen Days Rations being the whole now
Due to him.

Sent up for Concurrence

J. Pitt, Spk r P. Tern."

<&rttmsro $c ($0mmmt

Dedication of the Massachusetts Monument
at Newbern, N. C.

On Nov. 11 there was dedicated at New-
bern, N. C, the monument erected by-
Massachusetts in memory of 600 of our sol-
diers who lost their lives in the Civil War and
are there interred. In the absence of the
Governor, the state was represented by
Hon. W. D. Chappie, president of the
Senate. Various Confederate patriotic or-
ganizations took a prominent part in the
ceremonies, while representatives of no
less than 16 North Carolina regiments of
the Confederate army, it is said, were
present.

This was by no means the first of such
occasions on which men of the Bay State
have met as brethren those who were once
their foes. Such events as these are in-
dicative, far more than the speech of
politicians or newspaper editorials, that
rabid sectionalism has nearly spent itself.
No better confirmation is needed than has
lately been given in the agitation regarding
the Wirz monument at Andersonville. On
the one hand we of the North have seen little
of that vehement and angry protest which
such a proposal would have called out a de-
cade ago, while the intemperate Southern
spirit which would have insisted on an in-
scription laudatory and defiant beyond
reason, was overcome by wiser counsels.

It is well to bear in mind that large num-
bersof able bodied men confined in idleness
are not easy to control, so that comman-
dants of military prisons are seldom beloved
by their enforced guests, as one can as easily
see who cares to read the experiences of
southern men in northern prisons. It is
also true that men of large heroic nature
will not commonly be found, in war time,
guarding prisoners in the rear. C. A. F.

The name "Massachusetts Magazine."

It may be unknown to many of our
readers that ours is not the first periodical

to be called the "Massachusetts Magazine.'"'
At least two earlier publications have borne
that title.

I. The Massachusetts Magazine; or
Monthly Museum of Knowledge and Ra-
tional Entertainment. This was a general
or literary monthly, containing riction,
poetry, essays, comment, etc., with a de-
partment of current news and each number
embellished with a fine engraving as frontis-
piece. Eight volumes were published, 1789
to 1796, regularly except for the fact that
vol. 7 began in April instead of Jan. and
so had 9 nos. only. The editor was Thad-
deus Mason Harris, who however withdrew
in the middle of the last year, the last 6
nos. of vol. 8 being edited by William
Biglow. The printers of vols. 1—5 were
Isaiah Thomas and E. T. Andrews. Boston;
vol. 6, Weld and Greenough, Boston, vol. 7,
W. Greenough (nos. 1-6) and Alexander
Marten (nos. 7-9), vol. 8, James Cutler,
Boston.

II. The Bay State Monthly (predecessor
of the present New England Magazine 1 )
was started in Jan. 1884 under the editor-
ship of our present associate editor John N.
McClintock who was also its publisher. Two
volumes and part of a third were issued
down to vol. Ill, no. 2. May, 1885, when
there was litigation resulting in the ^pro-
prietor losing his interest, the Bay State
Monthly being continued in other hands.
Mr. McClintock at once began the publica-
tion of a new periodical, to be known as the
Massachusetts Magazine, vol. I. no. 1 ap-
pearing in Aug., 188o. with the imprint of
J. A. Cline & Co., Boston.

It was very similar to the Bay State
Monthly consisting for the most part of
historical articles with an admixture of
purelv literary features, poetry, stories, etc.

The next number, dated Nov., 1885, was
called vol. II, no. 4, certain changes having
meanwhile been decided on; reissuing the
Oct. and Nov., 1S84 no;, of the Bay State
Monthly (vol. II, nos. 1 & 2) with new covers
as vol. II, no. 1 and 2 of the Massachusetts

CRITICISM AND COMMENT

Magazine, the Aug., 18S5 number thence-
forth being known as vol. II, no. 3 (instead
of vol. I, no. 1.) Vol. II, no. 5 appeared
in April, 1886, with no publisher named and
the periodical was concluded with vol. II,
no. 6, Jan., 1SS0, that issue, as well as the
title page and index for the volume bear-
ing imprint, Cupples, Upham& Co., Boston.

Some Massachusetts books of 1908.

As this magazine has, during the past
year, endeavored to list important magazine
articles on Massachusetts, it may not be
uninteresting to our readers to barely men-
tion the more notable 190S books on state
and local history that have come to our
attention. Some of them may be found
critically reviewed in the literary or histor-
ical periodicals, while a good proportion
will be listed in the trade -bibliographies;
but nowhere grouped for the convenience
of Massachusetts users.

I General.

Bradford's historv of Plvmouth Planta-
tion 1606-1646. New edition by W. T.
Davis, in the series of Original narratives
of early American history. 437 p.

John Harvard'^ life in America, or Social
and political life in Xew England 1637-
1638. By A. M. Davis. 45 p.

Heads of families at the first census of
the U. S. taken in the year 1790. Massa-
chusetts volume. Pub. by the Bureau of
the census. 363 p.

Early Xew England towns; a compara-
tive study of their development. By Anne
B. MacLear. Being v. 29. no. l.of studies
in history, economics and pubic law of
Columbia University, 181 p. (Cambridge,
Dorchester, Roxbury, Salem and Water-
town are considered ).

History of the 45-h regiment, Massachu-
setts Volunteer Militia. Bv A. W. Mann.
562 p.

Xew England historical and genealogical
register. Index of subjects for volumes 1-
-50. (Being vol. 4, of the full index of which
v. 1-3 comprise the Index of names). 296 p.

Thomas Pownall, bv C. A. W. Pownall.
488 p.

Sons of the Puritans, a group of brief
"biographies reprinted from the Harvard
graduate's magazine. 244 p.

Winthrop's Journal " Historv of Xew
England." Xew edition by J. K. Hosmer in

the series of Original narratives of early
American history. 2 vols.

II. Local.

Andover. Old Andover days by S. S.
Robbins. 189 p.

Billerica. Vital records of Billerica.
405 p.

Bostox. A volume of records ... contain-
ing Minutes of the selectmen's meetings
1811 to 1S17. (Record commissioner's
report v. 38). 378 p.

St. Botolph's town. By M. C. Craw-
ford. 365 p.

Boston's story in inscriptions. By

State street trust co. 37 p.
Cambridge, see " Early Xew England

towns" in section I.
Chelsea. Documentarvhistorv of Chelsea.

1624-1824. By M. Chamberlain. 2.
The burning of Chelsea. By W. M.

Pratt. 149 p.
Dorchester, see " Early Xew England

towns" in section I.
Dover. Dedication of the Sawin Memorial

Building. By the Dover Historical and

Xatural History Society, 24 p.

The founders of the First Parish.

By F. Smith. 24 p.

- Vital records of Dover. 107. p.

Dudley. Vital records of Dudley. 2SS p.

Essex. Vital records of Essex. 86 p.

Hamilton. Vital records of Hamilton.
112 p.

Hatfield. The Hatfield book. By C. A.
Wight. 59 p.

Holliston. Vital records of Holliston.
358 p.

Lixcolx. Vital records of Lincoln. 1.9 p.

Marblehead. Vital records of Marblehead.
Vol. Ill containing supplementary re-
cords collected by j. W. Chapman. 43 p.

Marlborough. Marlborough. Mass.. burial
ground inscriptions. Bv F. P. Rice.
218 p.

Martha's Vineyard. The story ot Mar-
tha's Vinevard. By C. G. Hine. 224 p.

Middlesex County. Historic homes and
places and genealogical and personal mem-
oirs relating to the families of Middlesex
County. By W. R. Cutter. 4 vols.

Milton. The' first four meeting houses of
Milton. By J. A. Tucker. 5 p. with
places.

Xew Bedford. Commemorative exercises
held in City hall. Mar. 39. 190S. Pub.
by the Free Public Library. 20 p.

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Roxbury. History of the First Church in

Roxbury. By W. E. Thwing. 428 p.
■ see also "Early New England towns"

in section I.
Sai.em. see " Early Xew England towns"

in section I.
Sharox. The church records of Rev.

Philip Curtis of Sharon 1742-1797. J.

G. Phillips, editor. Being no. 5 of Pub.

of Sharon Historical Societv. 64 p.
Watertowx. see y Early New England

town" in section I.
Westmixster. Vital records of West-
, minster.

Pioneers of Maine and New Hampshire.

"The Pioneers of Maine and New Hamp-
shire 1623 to 1660; a descriptive list,
drawn from records of the colonies, towns,
churches, courts and other contemporary
sources. By Charles Henry Pope. . . . With
foreword by James Phinney Baxter.
Boston, published by Charles H. Pope, 221
Columbus Avenue, 1908," xi,252pages. So.

The author, already well known to the
genealogical world through his connection
■with several important family histories and
' especially since the publication of his
"Pioneers of Massachusetts" has here given
us the result of his researches in a new field.
While the last named work dealt with Massa-
chusetts colonists for 30 years following the
first permanent settlement of 1620; the
present one starting at the date of the
grant to Gorges and Mason, includes the set-
tlers north and east of the Merrimac River
down to the period of the Restoration, that
date marking at once the close of the great
English emigration to the colonies and
the complete absorption of the eastern
plantations under the Mass. provincial gov-
ernment (Maine to there continue down to
1820 while New Hampshire was to begin
its independent colonial existence in 1679).
As justifying the -initial date of 1623. it
should be noted that the settlements of an
earlier period, such as the Popham colony of
1607 and the French in eastern Maine, had
no connection with the subsequent develop-
ment of the region.

A score of plantations and towns are men-
tioned in the introduction, whose records to-
gether with sundry contemporary memoirs
and manuscript collections comprise the
sources drawn upon.

In the body of the work the arrangement
follows the alphabetical order, giving under

each name, chronologically, such mention
as is found m town, church and pi
records, deeds and courts riles. Vital rec-
ords of the immediate family of each set-
tler are appended in each case, and at the
end follows the only index needed, one of
names incidentally mentioned. A rather
elaborate systemof abbreviations allows the
condensation of much in small space.
There are inserted some admirable special
studies, as under Hilton, Wheelwright, etc.
The work seems admirably done and one
can feel pretty confident that the rec >rds
extant have been carefully gleaned.

As brought into comparison with the old
standard "Savage" it should be noted
that the earlier work covers all Xew Eng-
land, all immigrants before 1700 and not
only children, but grandchildren of each
settler; but in view of the many additional
sources of informations now available, the
"Pioneers of Maine and Xew Hampshire"
must entirely supersede it in the field
covered.

So involved and perplexing is the early
history of these trans-Merrimac settle-
ments, distinct, confederated or quarrel-
some as they were, that we could wish the
author had chosen to give a concise in-
troductory essay in a few pages, covering
their history down to 1660, with perhaps a
chart showing the various and conflicting
grants, or at least indicated where such
account may be found. Delving for this
information in the pages of Bancroft,
Palfrey, Osgood or the various other col-
onial or state histories requires consider-
able effort.

A few minor points might be criticized:
Under Authorities quoted, it would have
been well to indicate which are manuscript
and where such are to be consulted, as
Lygonia Assembly, Records; and in case
of printed books, fuller titles, with at least
date of issue would be helpful. Essex His-
torical Society Collections doubtless is an
error for Essex Institute Historical Col-
lections.

Either in the list on page vii or elsewhere
explanation should be given of such obso-
lete terms as Spurwmk, Oyster River, etc.
which occur in the text. Frequent ref-
erences have been made from varying spell-
ings of surnames to the form chosen for
entrv, but still others would be useful, as
from Hurd to Heard, from Leigh ton to
Layton, etc. C. A. F.

SOME MASSACHUSETTS
HISTORICAL WRITERS

{Under this heading in each issue we shall give concise biographical sketches of town historians, family
genealogists, and writers on other historical subjects pertaining to Massachusetts.]

BODGE, GEORGE MADISON, clergy-
man; born Windham, Me., February 14,
1841; son of Rev. John Anderson Bodge,
and Esther A. Harmon Bodge. He lived
on a farm in his native town and attended
the district school until the age of fourteen,
when he removed with his father's family,
to Naples, Me., and there continued school
in the winter, studying the higher branches
under the instruction of Dr. H. D. Torrey,
M. D., for several years; then attended
Bridgton Academy, in the Fall and Spring
terms, teaching school in the winters, and
working in the summers, at whatever
offered. Obliged to "work his way," he
was partially fitted for College in 1S61,
when the war broke out, and he was in the
army till the fall of 1862, when he resumed
study at the Academy; entered Bowdoin
College in 1864, and graduated from that
institution in 1868. He was successively,
Principal of Hallo well Academy, Gould's
Academy, Bethel, Me., Gorham Seminaiy,
and Westbrook Seminary. He graduated
at Harvard Divinity School in 1878. and
entered the Unitarian Ministry, being im-
mediately settled at Dorchester, Mass.,
and afterwards held continuous pastorates,
at East Boston, Leominster, and Westwood,
Mass-., till 1905, when in broken health, he
was obliged to retire.

Mr. Bodge enlisted in the Seventh Maine
Regiment in July, 1861, was appointed
Fife-Major of the regiment in August, and
served until June, 1862, when, prostrated
by malarial fever, in the Chicahominy
swamps, he was sent home to Maine, and
•discharged in August following.

He became a member of the Grand Army
of the Republic, Post "Cuvier Grover,"
Bethel, Me., and was elected Commander,
in 1871. He was made a Free Mason, in

Bethel Lodge, in 1868, took Royal Arch
degrees, in Oxford Chapter, in I860, and
has been Prelate of William Park-man
Commandery, Knight Templars, of
Boston, since 1885. Was a Charter mem-
ber of Columbia Lodge, Knights of Pythias.
in 1893, was elected Grand Prelate o. the

--•*" '*^? it JJHB

******* .-■*->■ ,*i.*n...> ,„„ -,-r-- ■-...-■ J

Key. George M. Bodge.

Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, in 1895,
and served until 1905; Chaplain of the
Massachusetts Society of Colonial Wars
from 1894 to 1905: Member of the Sons of
the American Revolution; Member of the
Society of Mayflower Descendants; an

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

active member, since 1875. of the New Eng-
land Historic Genealogical Society.

Historical work has been : The History
of Windham. Maine, to the close of the
French and Indian wars, with the history
of the Churches down to 1850, published
in the Maine Genealogical Recorder, also
"Soldiers in King Philip's War," published
for the author, in Boston, now in the third
edition. Numerous sketches and memoirs
of members of the X. E. H. & Gen. Society
in the Register. Editor and colleague —
compiler of the "Churchill Family in Amer-
ica." Has now in preparation, Windham
Maine Genealogies, and also genealogies of
the Bodge. Plummer, and Harmon families
and allied lines.

The title page to Mr. Bodge's great work
reads as follows : "Soldiers in King Philip's
War, being a critical account of that war.
with a concise history of the Indian wars
of New England from 1620 to 1677; official
lists of the soldiers of Massachusetts Colony
serving in Philip's war, and sketches of the
principal officers, copies of the ancient
documents and records relating to the war;
also lists of the Narraganset grantees of the
United Colonies Massachusetts, Plymouth
and Connecticut; with an appendix." The
first edition was published in 1892. a second
edition was called for in 1896, and a third
edition issued in 1906. The author's plan
in presenting the history of the war is to
give the experiences of individual com-
panies, in separate chapters as follows :
Beginning of hostilities, Capt. Henchman's
company; Capt. Samuel Mosely and his
company; Cavalry companies, or "Troops,"
of Capt. Prentice, Lieut. Oakes, and Capt.
Nicholas Paige; Major Thomas Savage, his
forces and operations; Capt. Thomas
Wheeler and Edward Hutchinson at Brook-
field; Major Simon Willard, his military
operations and men; Capts. Richard Beers,
Thomas Lathrop and their companies;
Major Samuel Appleton, his operations and
men; Capt. Isaac Johnson and hiscompany;
Capt. Joseph Gardiner and his company;
Capt Nathaniel Davenport and his com-
pany; Capt. James Oliver and his company;
Narraganset campaign, the Swamp Fort
Battle; close of the Narraganset campaign,
the hungry march; Capt. Brocklebank's
company, Marlboro garrison; Capt. Samuel
Wadswo'rth, the Sudbury fight; Capt.
William Turner, the Falls Fight; Capts.
Jonathan Poole, Thomas Brattle, and

companies; Capt. Joseph Sill and his com-
pany; Various officers and companies;
Major Richard Walderne's operations and
men; Capt. William Hathorne and hi-; men;
Capt. Joshua Scottow and his Black Point
garrison; Capts. Benjamin Swett and
Michael Peirse; Lancaster and other garri-
sons, assignment of wages; Philip, Canon-
chet, and other hostile Indians; the Chris-
tian Indians of New England; Narragansett
townships, additional credits, etc.

In the fore part of the third edition Mr.
Bodge has introduced a long chapter of
forty-three pages giving a concise history
of the Indian wars of New Elngand from
1620 to 1677. There is also an appendix
containing lists of governors, deputy gov-
ernors and others; additional matter relat-
ing to the three colonies. At the end of
the book is given a personal-names index,
and a place-names index.

Mr. Bodge married Margaret E. Went-
worth. a lineal descendant of Elder Wil-
liam Wentworth, of Wills. Me. They had
three daughters : May Alice, died at Leo-
minster, 1896; Clare j., married Russell H.
Damon, of Leominster, and lives there; and
Margaret W., who married George A.
Littlefield, of Boston and lives at \\'est
Roxbury.

Mr. Bodge's address is "11 Meredith
Street, West Roxbury, Mass.

SYLVESTER, HERBERT MILTON,
lawyer and author, born Feb. 20. 1S49,
at Lowell, Mass. ; son of Ezekiel J. and
Miriam T. (Sargent) Sylvester; attended
Bridgeton Academy. Married August 5,
1872, Clara Marie Elder, at Portland. Me.,
and has one son, Robert E. Sylvester, aged
34. Congregational in religion. Repub-
lican in politics. Admitted to the Cum-
berland bar in 1872 and practiced law in
Portland for 13 years; admitted to Suf-
folk bar in 18S5, and practiced law in
Boston for 14 years; returned to Otisfield P
Me., in 1S99 retiring from active practice,
has since devoted his time to literary work;
trial justice of Cumberland County. He
is a Sir Knight and a thirty-second degree
Mason.

MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL WRITERS

Historical Works : Romance of Casco Bay,
in five historical sketches in Xew England
Magazine, 1890; "The Romance of the
Maine Coast," a five-volume historical
work upon the period of earliest discovery
of the Maine Coast, the five volumes being
entitled: Casco Bay, Old York, Sokoki
Trail, 01d e Pemaquid, Land of St. Castin;

: r

14" / -

iMbmY'-^L^.

Herbert M. Svlvester.

also a sixth supplemental volume entitled
The Wawennock (four volumes issued; the
fifth and sixth in press) : a History of Maine,
in five volumes; Ancient Burial Grounds of
Maine; Ancient Roof -Trees of Maine in
preparation.

Mr. Sylvester's greatest published work

is his'projected five volumes entitled "Maine
Coast Romance," four of which have al-
ready been published, under the sub-titles
or individual titles: "Ye Romance
Casco Bay," "Ye Romance of Old Y
"The Sokoki Trail," "Ye Romance of Olde
Pemaquid." Each volume contains up-
wards of 400 pages and is profusely illus-
trated with first-hand pen-and-ink sketches
from the author's own pen of old houses,
ancient land-marks and bits of scenery
associated with the history and traditions
of these old places. There are as many as
150 of these sketches in one volume. With
Sir Walter Scott as an ideal, the writer's
aim has been to bring out and preserve the
romance and history of these shore towns
along the Maine coast. The first volume
on Casco Bay contains the following chap-
ters; Cascoe; Stogummor; A relic; Harrow
House; A Wayside Inn; An Old Fish-Yard;
Mountjoy's Island; The Wizard of Casco;
The Troll of Richmon's Island; ThePassing-
of Bagnall. The second volume on Old
York has chapters on The Voyagers; Ac-
comenticus; The Bells of York; Saddle-bag
Days; Old Ketterie; Back-log Stories; The
Pleiads of the Piscataqua. The third
volume: The Forerunners; The Winter
Harbor Settlement; The Isle of Bacchus;
The Story of A Broken Tytle; The Romance
of Black Point; The Sokoki Trail. The
fourth volume : Early Explorers at Saga-
dahoc; Fort St. George; Pemaquid; Mon-
hegan; Sheepscot; The Priest of Xanrant-
souak. The fifth volume of the series is
to be entitled The Land of St. Castin.

Other literary works: Prose Pastorals,
published by Ticknor in 1SS7; Homestead
Highways, published by Ticknor in 1888;
A series of nature stories in Donahue's
magazine in 1891 ; in preparation three his-
torical readers for public schools of Maine.

Mr. Sylvester is an illustrator as well as
author, his Maine CoastRomance containing,
between seven and eight hundred of his
pen drawings.

Residence, Otisfield, Me.; business ad-
dress, Harrison, Me.

iUvhnsana f?Ua titers

*** 16 2 0-163 f»^»

Lucie ML Gardner. A. B.. Eds

Societies

MAYFLOWER SOCIETY.
Membership, Confined to Descendants of the May-
flower Passengers.
Governor — Asa P. French.
Deputy Governor — John Mason Little.
Captain — Edwin S. Crandon.
Elder — Rev. George Hodges, D. D.
Secretart — George Ernest Bowman.
Treasurer — Arthur I. Nash.
Historian — Stanley W. Smith.
Surgeon — William H. Prescott, M. D.
Assistants — Edward H. Whorf.

Mrs. Leslie C. Wead.

Henry D. Forbes.

Mrs. Annie Quincy Emery.

Lorenzo D. Baker. Jr.

Miss Mary E. Wood.

Miss Mary F. Edson.

THE OLD PLANTERS SOCIETY,

Incorporated.

Membershiv Confined to Descendants of Settlers

in New England prior to the Transfer of the

Charter to New England in 1630.

President — Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson,

Cambridge
Vice Pres. — Frank A. Gardner, M. D., Salem.
Secretary — Lucie M. Gardner, Salem.
Treasurer — Frank V. Wright, Salem.
Registrar — Mrs. Lora A. W. Underbill,

Brighton.
Councillors — Wm. Prescott Greenlaw, Boston.
R. W. Sprague, M. D., Boston.
Hon. A. P. Gardner, Hamilton.
Nathaniel Con-ant, Brookline.
Francis H. Lee, Salem.
Col. J. Granville Leach, Phila.
Francis N. Balch, Jamaica Plain.
Joseph A. Torrey, Manchester.
, Edward O. Skelton, Roxburt.

The Society held its fall meeting in Ellis
Hall, in the Massachusetts Historical So-
ciety building, Thursday, November 19th.
The paper of the afternoon was on " The
Settlers about Boston Bay prior to 1630,"
by Miss Lucie Marion Gardner, Secretary
of the society. The first part of the paper
""Consisted of a brief sketch of the various
temporary and scattered settlements at
Wessagusset, Wollaston, Shawmut, etc.,
etc., up to the arrival of Governor Win-

throp's fleet in June 1030. The second
part included a biographical list of nearly
fifty men who resided along the shorts of
Boston Bay between 1622 and 1630

Dr. Frank A. Gardner Vice-President of
the society, presided in the absence of the
President, Colonel Thomas Wentworth
Higginson. He congratulated the members
upon the fact that satisfactory arrange-
ments had been made with the pub'.;
of the Massachusetts Magazine, whereby
all members of the society will be regularly
supplied with copies of the magazine. He
outlined the society's plans for the coming
season and spoke of the increase of interest
in historical matters in general and of the
growth in numbers as well as interest of
"The Old Planters."

The address of the afternoon will be pub-
lished in the April number of the Massa-
chusetts Magazine.

The Annual Meeting of the Old Planters
Society will be held in Salem, March 24,
at the parlors of the Young Men's Chris-
tian Association. A meeting of the Coun-
cil will be held at 2.30 p. m., to be followed
by the general meeting at 3 o'clock. The
annual reports will be read and officers
elected for the ensuing year.

The annual address will be delivered by
Dr. C. J. H. Woodbury, of Lynn, upon
"John Woodbury, Planter." This bio-
graphical address will be one of a series
delivered before the society. Similar
contributions have been given concerning
Roger Conant, Thomas Gardner. William
JefTery and in the end it is hoped to in-
clude all of the men who came to Xew
England before 1630. Many of these men
lived to an advanced age and were very
prominent in the affairs of the Colony.
What they accomplished is a matter of
deep interest not only to their many de-
scendants but to all students of early
American history. This will be followed
by an informal reception to the guests and
their friends and light refreshments will be
served. A cordial invitation is extended
to all who are interested in New England
History.

$:£

0ur]IBU0riaT l^atjt^

Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters.

LOWELL'S acute essay on "a certain
condescension of foreigners" might
be followed, if the genial but critical
essayist were st'ili with us, by another on
"the presumption of genealogists." The
time is ripe. The dimensions of the gen-
ealogical quest have expanded within a
few years by leaps and bounds. Ancestor
hunting is already a close second in popu-
larity to the hunting of game with gun or
fishing tackle. It has become a fine art
with some, and is recognized as a profes-
sional employment, which entitles its prac-
titioner to an ample fee. As for the ama-
teur searcher of pedigrees his name is legion.
No pursuit, perhaps, involves a greater
dependence on the help of others. The
investigator is constantly rinding that he
has need of data, which he cannot obtain
except by journeying hither and thither
to consult public records or interview in-
dividuals, who are regarded as treasure-
houses of information. But he has no
time to spare, and the pecuniary expense
is prohibitive. It is vastly easier and
cheaper to presume on the good nature of
a town clerk, or the keeper of a city rec-
ord, or the local antiquarian or town his-
torian, and forthwith a letter is written, not
always couched in gracious speech, request-
ing the desired data.

Just here the trouble begins. There is
a perfectly innocent forget fulness on the
part of some inquirers that there may be
as real a trespass upon a man's time, or
goodnature, as upon his domicile, that in-
quiries of this kind may be so frequent
that they become burdensome, and that it
is wholly unreasonable to expect a town
official or an expert student in local lore
to feel the personal interest, which ani-
mates the writer. It would be a matter of
genuine surprise to many an investigator,
if he could know the experience of the

town clerk or the historian. He could
tell of many letters received, which en-
closed not even a return stamp, of cour-
teous replies which he has made, containing
transcripts of records, which did not elicit
a word of thanks, an 1 of extended re-
searches, undertaken with the promise of
due compensation, f.^r which not a cent
was ever paid.

The natural consequence of this easy
make-shift on the part of the genealogical
inquirer, is that the individuals in every
community, who have become their target,
have become case-hardened. They are
neither impolite, nor rude, as many arhrm.
Our own experience is that nobody could
be more helpful and kindly when any rea-
sonable service is asked.

But in self defence, they refuse to listen
to the appeal of the stranger and cast the
letter into the waste basket. With perfect
justice, they regard the service which is
asked, as a professional service, which may
not be asked gratuitously, any more than
the service of a lawyer or a physician.
No one is offended, when the carpenter,
who has stopped a leak, or the plumber,
who has thawed the frozen pipe sends in his
bill, and the custodian of records, or the
student of local history, has equal right to
set some value on his time and skill and
his reserves of knowledge, and equal right
not to be called crabbed or mercenary if he
insists on his perquisite.

The passion for genealogical pursuits and
kindred studies must not be allowed to-
make its enthusiasts intolerable bores.
The rules of good breeding and the square
deal, which is fundamental in business
transactions, must be observed. Gratui-
tous favors must not be taken for granted.
Let the easy-going ancestor hunter .spar-
ing himself the toil and expense of original
research, inclose a modest fee for a small
service, and a proportionately larger for a
larger demand, which will be a pledge of
good faith in ultimate settlement, and he
will relieve himself of the just reproach of
presumption, and will greatly facilitate his
quest.

56- OK

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

AT THE recent Convention of the
Modern Language Association of
America at Princeton, discussion
arose as to the attitude of the Carnegie In-
stitute at Washington in failing, as it was
declared, to further scientific researches
in literature and art, as well as in the field
of science. Resolutions were adopted look-
ing toward a closer cooperation with the
Institute for the publication of historical,
archaeological, philosophical, linguistic,
literary and artistic researches. It may be
that the extremely broad scheme proposed
would overtax even the splendid resources
of the Carnegie foundation, but it com-
mends itself as wise and timely. Scientific
research is alluring and is crowned with
results of the profoundest value to human-
kind. The enthusiastic investigator in
chemistry, in physiology, in bacteriology,
and in many other departments of exact
science, deserves all the help and all the
honor that may come to him:- But the
student in literature, in history, in archae-
ology, though he fails to achieve results as
sharply defined and materially valuable,
as the scientific investigator, is doing much
for the welfare of humanity. His labors
tend to enlarge the field of knowledge, to
create an atmosphere of culture, and' make
life increasingly interesting. His contribu-
tion to the general well being is direct and
generous. He may claim with good rea-
son the same financial support as the
student of science.

This is specially obvious in the research
of the historical student. His realm may
seem narrow and insignificant. He may
be delving in the records of a single State,
or only a single community. But prolonged
and accurate research in the many records
of even a small village or town inevitably
contributes at once to the bettering of the
life of that community, when published
in readable and attractive form. The
patient, sturdy life, the hard toil, the in-
tense devotion to high spiritual ideals, the
heroism in time of danger, the stern laws
and cruel penalties of by -gone generations,
are a stimulating tonic to the life of to-day.
Every present day dweller in the com-
munity, which has been taught the story
of its past, is helped to become a broader
minded and better citizen.

But the local history is the unit in the
compiling of general history. The history

of a State is the collective history of its

cities, towns, and villages. In o : :r own
Commonwealth, the history of Plyrm
Salem and Boston, of Deertield, L

and Concord, are part and parcel of the
history of Massachusetts, and Amei
and of the human race. In less stf
ways, the history of every communit
part of the history of the' nation and' of
the world.

THE student of history is en;/
then, in a large and distinguished
work. He needs just the help and
encouragement, «*hich the Carnegie foun-
dation offers. The history of no commu-
nity can be completely investigated within
its own limits. Resort must be made to
large libraries, to various depositories of
records, and to the archives of the State,
and the expense incident to long-continued
study is not inconsiderable. The thorough-
going examination of the many sources of
information requires months and years.
The collaboration of the materia! thus de-
rived is tedious, and the final work of
writing is slow and even painful. The
financial question involved in all this is a
very serious one. Many a would-be student
finds the expense of travel, and of tempo-
rary residence within easy reach of the
material he needs, prohibitive. Many an
investigator, diligent, acute, enrhusiastic.
is obliged to earn his bread and butter
by long hours of work at his vocation, and
steal what time he can for his hobby.
Even with rich material all gathered, pub-
lication is an impossibility, for the writer
must bear the heavy expense, and the lim-
ited sale which only can be anticipated,
will reimburse him in small degree for his
outlay. Can not the Carnegie fund or a
similar one in every State in our land, be
so administered that the pecuniaryobstacles
to wise, thorough, and productive investi-
gation and research in this realm maybe
removed, wholly or in large degree 5 With
a State Commission to administer such a
trust, selecting worthy and promising in-
vestigators for its benefaction, and direct-
ing perhaps the work of research, great
impetus might be given to the search tor
new material, and to the publication of
many volumes of standard and enduring
value.

THE

MASSACHVSETTS
MAGAZINE

(DevofcD'fo-(nRSsac^usctt5 *Hi8forjj»GncttlogySioarft£J?^
Published by the Salem Press Co. Salem, Mass. US A

v.opvn*nteo i'«H. r>v «_ nii'Kvnt i.

>^^

3*$sJ* ■ --.J ^

.^ >w illlSril?

Hf£f

IP!

A Quarterly cMagazine Devoted to History, Genealogy and Biography^
Thomas Franklin Waters, Editor, ipswich, mass.

ASSOCIATE AXD ADVISORY EDITORS

Frank A. Gardner, M. D. Charles A. Flagg John X. McClintock Albert W. Dennis

SAI.EM, MASS. WASHINGTON, D. C. DORCHESTER MASS. SALEM, MASS.

Issued in January, April, July and October. Subscription, $2.50 per year, Single copies 75c.

VOL - " APRIL, 1909 NO. 2

Confcnfa of Una Issue

Charles William Eliot, Edward J. James, Booker T. Washington,

Daniel Starr Jordan, Cyrus Northrop 59

Massachusetts Pioneers in Michigan . . . Charles A. Flagg . 66
Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment . . F.A.Gardner, M.D. 69
Local Historical Societies in Massachusetts Charles A. Flagg . 84
The Old Merriam House ......... Charles A. Flagg . 9S

Some Articles Concerning Massachusetts in

recent Magazines Charles A. Flagg . 99

Department of the American Revolution F. A.Gardner, M. D. 101

Criticism and Comment 107

Personal Diary of Ashley Bowen of Marblehead 109

Pilgrims and Planters Lucie M. Gardner . 115

Our Editorial Pages . Thomas F. Waters . 118

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w3 ;

CHARLES WILLIAM ELIOT

Tributes bv President Edward J. James of the University of Illi-
nois, Principal Booker T. Washington of Tuskeegee Institute,
President David Starr Jordan of Leland Staniford Jr.
University, President Cyrus Northrop of Univer-
sity of Minnesota.

HARLES WILLIAM ELIOT will retire from the presi-
dency of Harvard University on May 17th, 1909, when
he will have completed forty years of service in this posi-
tion. His personal character and the success of his admin-
istration of this great educational institution, make him
one of the most admired and most influential men in Amer-
ican life today. He is often referred to as our first American
citizen. Barring the president of the United States and the exceptional
popularity of our one living ex-president, there is probably no one to con-
test him this title. As Booker T- Washington says in the article which fol-
lows: "Certainly there is no citizen in this country who has exerted a larger
or more lasting influence during recent years."

Nothing is more significant of his position in the public mind today than
the fact that since the announcement of his retirement, made several months
ago', but two of the many American magazines of prominence has attempted
to tell the story of his life and work.

His influence is too far-reaching and his greatness too obvious to allow
of a careful study of his career at the present time, but the accompanying
personal tributes" from four American leading educators, will give some idea
of the esteem cf his compeers.

The simple facts of Doctor Eliot's life are these: Born March 20. 1S3L

60 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

His father was Samuel Atkins Eliot, a prosperous Boston merchant. His
mother was Mary Lyman. He was fitted for college at the Boston Latin
School; was graduated from Harvard in 1853; was Instructor in mathe-
matics at Harvard and student in chemistry with Prof. Josiah P. Cooke, 1854-
8; Assistant professor of mathematics and chemistry at Lawrence Scientific
School, Harvard. 1S5S-63; studied chemistry and investigated educational
methods in Europe, 1S63-5 : Professor of analytical chemistry at the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology, 1S65-9; elected President of Harvard in
1869. Married twice: first October 27, 1858, Ellen D. Peabody; second
October 30, 1S77, Grace M. Hopkinson.

It will be thirty-five years next autumn, November first, 1S74. when I
saw President Eliot for the first time. I remember the occasion as well as if
it were yesterday. I had been employed during the summer season just
passed on the U. S. Lake Survey. The party was not disbanded until the
last week in October and consequently I arrived late at Cambridge to begin
my work as Freshman in Harvard College.

As it was against the rules to admit students except at the regular times
for opening the college year, I was obliged to seek a special dispensation
irom the President of the University. This took me to President Eliot 's
'house. The interview was brief and confined chiefly to the necessary in-
quiries as to why I had arrived late, and what my previous preparation had
been. The President gave me no advice, did not indulge in any exhortation
to be industrious, avoid bad habits, or any of the usual lectures to incoming
Freshmen. But I left his presence with a conscious sense of increased power
and determination. ■ I felt that virtue had come into me, and I experienced
an unexpressed but deep feeling that there was a man whom I would wish to
be like.

This sense of looking up to President Eliot as a leader has remained
with me during all these years and I am delighted to have this opportunity
to give public expression to it.

I have been for more than twenty-five years a member of university
faculties, first at Pennsylvania, then at Chicago, and Northwestern and the
University of Illinois. I do not think it is too much to say that no large
question of University policy has ever been discussed in any of the numer-
ous faculty meetings I have attended in the quarter of a century without
bringing to the surface one or another of the issues which President Eliot
has made in American higher education. In fact I should sum up his work

m/^^mn^ ^ ">»—>

C-

<*^

l s

^M^#i^aiw*^i»^

,-,::-:■

CHARLES WILLIAM ELIOT 61

in a word as that of issue-maker and if we add to that, pace-maker in edu-
cational progress, we sum up in a general way his career.

A distinguished college professor in one of the smaller New England
Colleges said to me on one occasion, many years ago, with a touch of bitter-
ness in his voice: "President Eliot has been dragging the Xew England Col-
leges around at his chariot wheels now for ten years as Achilles dragged the
dead body of Hector around the walls of Troy, and it is time to stop it.''
Of course, it was not stopped since President Eliot was heading the party of
progress and the day of old things was passing away.

It is not too much to say that President Eliot has been the most prom-
inent figure and I believe the most potent single influence in the reorganiza-
tion of American higher education in the great historical institutions of the
country. Xo other man was in a position to do so much as he, owing to his
native ability and educational experience and insight and above all his daunt-
less courage. Nor could he have done his work in any other institution than
Harvard. It was a combination of time, place and the man such as does
not often occur. The result has been a unique career in the history of edu-
cation not only in this country but in the world — a career of which every
American may well be proud, since it represents the possibilities of world
wide influence open to American brains, courage and character.

Edward J. James.
University of Illinois.

I have noted that when distinguished men come to this country from
abroad they frequently express their surprise that the people of all classes in
this country take as much interest as they do in the subject of education.

These strangers had heard and seen so much of the business energy and
material progress of this country that they imagined, before they came here,
that the ideals of the American people must be low and that as a people
Americans were not interested in spiritual things. Nothing shows so clearly
that this is not true as the fact that outside of the President, the most influ-
ential citizen of the United States is the president of a University, Doctor
Charles W. Eliot, of Harvard. Certainly there is no citizen in this country
who has exerted a larger or more lasting influence, during recent years, and
this fact but illustrates again the enormous power which the Universities,
largely under the influence of Dr. Eliot 's example, have attained in this country.

While I do not feel myself competent to define the character or extent
of Dr. Eliot's influence, it seems to me he derives a large part of his power
from his ability to state simply, incisively, and in a few words, the ideas

62 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

which he has gathered from a wide and deep knowledge of men and events.
He has been able to lend a kind of distinction to the most familiar and homely
truth from the manner in which he utters it. On the other hand he has fre-
quently expressed original ideas and profound truths, with such directness,
force, and simplicity that they have seemed to us who heard or read them as
convincing and familiar, as if we had always known them.

Few men of wide learning and deep knowledge, I venture to say, have
known how to express themselves so clearly and so impressively. President
Eliot's ability in this direction is, in my opinion not merely a large source
of his power as an educator and an administrator, but it is at the same time
the expression of his great and sane mind. In fact it often seemed to me that
in the case of Doctor Eliot it is almost possible to say that sanity has
amounted to genius.

I have had several opportunities for meeting and knowing President
Eliot in a personal way, but I have never met him that I have not been sin-
gularly impressed with his dignity and with his scholarly bearing. The thing
that emphasized this impression was that in him dignity was combined with
simplicity ; scholarship had not put him out of touch with plain and practi-
cal interests of life.

It has been my fortune at different times to ask assistance of Dr. Eliot
in matters that I appreciated would make some rather severe demands upon
his time and attention. In every case, he has readily and without hesita-
tion, granted what I asked. I remember at one time, when we were ar-
ranging for a large public meeting in Boston, in the interest of Tuskegee
Institute that I went to him in order to try to induce him to deliver one of
the principal addresses. I had never met him before, and I naturally had
some fear, that he would not be able to grant my request, but I told him
plainly and frankly what I wanted, and without hesitation he consented to
assist us in the way I had suggested.

Later, when we celebrated our twenty-fifth anniversary at Tuskeegee
Institute, I went to him and told him that I wanted him to represent Har-
vard University and be one of the speakers on that occasion. Again he con-
sented without hesitation and with apparent willingness to do anything he
could to lend importance to our celebration.

To me, the most interesting occasion upon which I met Dr. Eliot was
when I was invited, by the trustees of Harvard University, to receive an
honorary degree. Throughout the day, I was thrown in frequent contact
with him, and on each occasion, he was most kind in his bearing toward me
and left nothing undone to make me feel welcome at Harvard.

CHARLES WILLIAM ELIOT 63

One other thing that has impressed itself upon me, in regard to Dr.
Eliot is his ability to keep himself in touch with the latest and best things
that are taking place in the world. Usually, we expect a man at his age to
become very set in his ways and in his manner of thinking and doing things.
After men reach a certain age, we know that they are disposed to live in the
past. Dr. Lyman Abbott and President Eliot, in this regard, are two strik-
ing exceptions. These two men live just as much in the present as men of
twenty-five or thirty years of age. In this respect, President Eliot sets a
great example, in my opinion, to all Americans.

Booker T. Washington.

tuskeegee institute,
Alabama.

It is easy to say that for forty years President Eliot has been the leader
of our leaders in higher education, the man all the rest have looked up to
and by the side of whom the oldest and most experienced of the others have
seemed hopelessly young.

It is also clear that this leadership has been due mainly to three things
— his sure mastery of business affairs, his untiring industry, and his courage
in setting aside the present to deal with the future, which he knows will
come.

As a result of this, Harvard College — Harvard University — has never been
a fact accomplished. It has been a continuous struggle, a movement towards
the future, a struggle for greater means, better methods, stronger men and
higher ideals. Because Harvard has thus been a continuous struggle, all
other American institutions have become such. This is their chief distinc-
tion as compared with the universities of other nations. American universi-
ties are never completed. They are still being born.

In the forty years of rebuilding Harvard, Dr. Elliot has led the race, and
the long procession of institutions representing higher education in America,
have followed near or far in his trail. The various impulses of originality
in other institutions, notably those originating with White at Cornell and
Gilman at Johns Hopkins, have been absorbed and carried forward by Har-
vard. To Cornell we owe originally the doctrine of democracy of studies,
the idea that no one shall say which study or which discipline is best until
one knows the man who administers the discipline and the man on whom it
is to be tried. To Johns Hopkins we owe the idea that advanced work in any
subject has a greater culture value than elementary work in the same or

64 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

other subjects. The one great educational idea which Harvard has not as-
similated is that which finds its best representative in the University of Wis-
consin. This is the idea that the state university, as the centre of intelli-
gence and force should recreate the state, advancing and strengthening all
its varied interests.

The greatest single achievement of Dr. Eliot has been the establishment
of the elective system in higher education. The rival systems have passed
away never to return, and our real problem is that of adjusting checks and
balances in such a way as to best develop the individual student.

In many lines, courses are prescribed in the nature of things, one sub-
ject following another with which it is linked and on which it depends. But
; there is no longer any place for prescribed courses of mixed science, litera-
ture, art and philosophy, so many units of one, so many of another, dis-
jointed members brought together in the name of culture. These results of
the pulling and hauling of college faculties have passed away for good.

The checks needed in the elective system must, for the most part, come
from the student himself. He must train himself to guard against premature
specialization or rather against advanced work on inadequate foundation on
the one hand, and from the greater danger of limp diffuseness on the. other.
Specialization is but another name for thoroughness. " The mind is made
strong by the thorough possession of something."

The writer once heard President Eliot disclaim any unusual degree of
prophetic vision, allowing for himself only an honest industry, attacking one
problem after another, as it arose with such solution of each as might
be within the range of practical action.

One of Dr. Eliot's predecessors in Harvard was once complimented on
the logical coherence of his sermons. He disclaimed all special excellence in
this regard " I write one sentence, ' ' he said, ' ' then I thank God and write
another." President Eliot has himself accepted this definition of his method.
One thing done, he turns to and does the next, and this is the essence of his
educational foresight. He does the next and the next, never stopping with
the first result or the first achievement.

It is this doing what is needed, not for today, but for the unseen tomor-
row and the oncoming years to follow, which has made the history of Har-
vard, a history of unending endeavor, of continuous struggle. On the con-
tinuance of this struggle by men never satisfied with what is already achieved,
the hope of higher education in America depends.

David Starr Jordan.

CHARLES WILLIAM ELIOT 60

The forty years of Fresident Charles W. Eliot's administration as head
of Harvard University have been remarkable for the changes in educational
methods introduced into Harvard and widely copied bv other institute
For these changes President Eliot has himself been mainly responsible. Be-
lieving that men will work best when they like their work and that students
will study best when they are interested in the subject studied, and that
mental discipline can be cultivated as well in the investigation of things that •
are important as of things that are not important but are only difficult, he
took away the barriers that confined students to a very limited number of
subjects for study, and gave to every student the liberty of choosing what-
ever he pleased from the whole field of knowledge. It was a sad blow to
ideas and old methods. But he made a success of it at Harvard, and though
subjected to much criticism he is as confident to-day that his plan is right
as he has ever been; and judging from the number of colleges which are to-
day conducted according to his ideas as far as their resources will permit, it
is safe to say that the opinion of the educational world is practically a unit
in favor of his essential idea. Undoubtedly the tremendous increase in the
number of college students in the last twenty years may be attributed in
some considerable degree to the enlarged curriculum and greater freedom of
choice offered to students. President Eliot has clearly vindicated his right
to be considered the leading educator of the last half century.

But his fame does not by any means rest exclusively upon his work in
Harvard. He has been a careful student of our national, political and indus-
trial life, and of the civic administration of government in cities, and of the
administration of boards of education throughout the country. A profound
thinker he has contributed much to the clear understanding of many vital
questions. Always having the courage of his convictions he has spoken
frankly whether in the presence of friends or foes to his ideas, and his cour-
ageous expression of- opinions has always commanded respect for the man
even among those who were not convinced by his arguments. The interest
which he has manifested in the various conditions of human life and the sug-
gestions which he has made to remedy evils and promote the civic welfare
have given him a very high place as a citizen, so that he is hardly more
honored as the great educator than he is as the great citizen. With an acute
intellect, deep interest in human welfare, profound study of great problems,
and a readiness to give the whole country the benefit of his best thoughts, he
has achieved greatness in more than one field of labor, and he is to-day a
mighty force in moulding public sentiment on many vital questions. Less
militant than he once was, but not less earnest, the sweetness and fruitful-
ness of his closing years are making his last days his best days; and honor
awaits him wherever he goes — at home or abroad.

Cyrus Xorthrop.

fThis is the fifth instalment of a series of articles on Massachusetts Pioneers to other states, to be
published by The Massachusetts Magazine]

MASSACHUSETTS PIONEERS.
MICHIGAN SERIES.

By Charles A. Flagg

Besides the abbreviations of book titles, (explained on pages 76,
are used: b for born; d. for died; m. tor married; set. for settled in.'

78 and 79 of April issue; the foU - |

Chamberilx, Wells, set. X. Y., 1820?

Washtenaw Port., 344.
Chandler, Tonathan, b. Concord?' set. Vt.,

N. Y., Mich. Branch Port., 4S4.
Chanev, Hannah, m. Nathaniel Parmeter

of Mass. and X. Y. Xewaygo, 328.
Chapel, Annis L., m. 1840? Luke L. Den-

nison of Mass. Midland, 197.
Chapix, Almno M., b. Chicopee. 1810; set.

N. Y., Mich., 1843. Ingham Hist., 313,

316; St. Clair, 122.

Gad, set. Vt.; Revolutionary soldier;

set. X. Y., 1879. Washtenaw Hist., 284.
Hannah, b. Franklin Co.; d. 1833;

m. Zadock Hale of Vt. Kalamazoo

Port., 407.
Henry A., b. Levden, 1813 or 14; set.

Mich., 1836. Cass Hist., 146; Cass

Twent., 60, 357.
• James set. Mich., 1840' Mecosta,

479.
Jane, m. 1835? Joseph L. Beebe of

N. Y. Jackson Hist.. 587.
Joseph, b. Pamsaf?); set. X. Y., Pa.,

1832. Kalamazoo Port., 824.
Levi, b. Chicopee. 1787; set. X. Y.,

1818, Mich., 1844. Ingham Hist., 316.

■ Marshall, b. Bernardston, 1798; set.

X. Y., Mich., 1819. Detroit, 1033;
Wayne Chron., 202.

• Xoah J., b. 1814; set., X. Y. 1815'

Mich., 1854. Traverse, 2S7.
Rachel, m. Paul Davis, Revolutionary

soldier, of Mass. and X. Y. Branch

Port., 459.
Chapman, Alcott C, of Pittsfield. b. 1793;

set. Mich., 1810? Monroe, 140.

Edmond, set. X. Y., 1810' Mich.,

1836. Branch Twent., 500.

Chapman, George W.. b. Belchertown,
1815; set. Mich , 1841. Saeinaw Hi,t.,
816; Saginaw Port., 815.

Jane, m. 1830? Jarrah Sherman of

X. Y. Jackson Port., 753.
Lucius W.. b. Franklin Co., 1820;

set. Mich., 1870. Saginaw Port., 251,

899.

Xina. m. 1840' Lvman West of O.

and Mich. Clinton Past., 238.

Wellington, b. Hampshire Co.. 1814;

set. Mich., 1841. Saginaw Hist., 818;
Saginaw Port.. S55.

William H. H.,b. Berkshire Co.. 1841;

set. Mich., 1841. Saginaw Port.. 815.

Chappell, William, set. X. Y., 1800?

Clinton Pa. t. 193.
Chase, Alanson, b. 1806; set. Mich.. 1S30?

Washtenaw Hist., 1076.

Beniamin. set. X. Y.. 1815' Wash-
tenaw Hist.. 973.

Clark, set. X. Y.. 1800' d. 1821. Kal-
amazoo Hist., facing 423.

Mrs. J. M.. b. 1822; set. Mich.. 1S47.

Washtenaw Hist.. 496.

Chesebrough, Eh'sha, set. X. Y.. 1820?
Jackson Port.. 697.

Maria, m. 1820' Milton Holmes of

Mass. and X. Y. Jackson Port.. 698.

Sarah, b. 1793; m. 1815' Warner I

Hodge of Mass. and Mich. Taekson
Hist., 831; Jackson Port., 697.

Child, Alpha, b. Boston, 1836; >et. Wis.,
Mich., 1872 Kent. 422.

Childs, Clarissa, b. 1790' m. 1810 Shubael
Atherton of X. Y. and Mich. Genesee
Hist.. 348; Genesee Port.. 815.

Daniel, b. 1779; set. X. Y.. 1819.

Hillsdale Port., 266.

MICHIGAN PIONEERS

Childs, Henrv B., b. Shelbume, 1S14;

set. Mich., '1846. Grand Rapids City,

604; Kent, 263.
Sarah, m. 1S19 Shubael Atherton of

N. Y. Genesee Hist., 349.
Sophia, b. Pittsfield, 1789; m. 1816

Samuel Ledvard of X. Y. Branch Port.,

615.
Chittenden". Elizabeth, b. 1783; set. Mich.

Washtenaw Hist.. 590.
Chubb, Franklin, set. Mich., 1830' Clinton

Port., 335.
Church, Chandler M.. b. Berkshire Co.,

1S04; set. X. Y., Mich. Calhoun, 145.

Jesse, set. X. Y., 1807. Calhoun, 145.

Lucy, m. 1810? Appolos Baker of

Mass. and X'. Y. Lenawee Port., 594.
Xathan, b. 1847; set. Mich., 1869.

Kent, 429.
Thomas B., b. Dighton. 1S13 or 21;

set. Mich., 1838. Grand ""Rapids Hist.,

725; Grand Rapids Lowell, 753; Kent,

971.
Claghorx, Elizabeth, b. Williamsburg;

m. 1800? Joseph Beal of X. Y. and Mich.

Ionia Port., 457; Lenawee Hist. II, 175.
Sarah, b. Williamsburg, 1776: m.

1800 Ephraim Green of X. Y. Lenawee

Hist. I, 484.
Clapp, James H., set. X. Y.. 1850, O.

Grand Rapids City, 436.
Luther, b. Hampshire Co., set. O.

1840. Gratiot, 362.
Stephen, b. Xorthampton. 1750; set.

N. Y., 1780. Lenawee Hist. I, 492.
Clark, Albert, b. Xorthampton; set. O.,

Mich., 1863. Berrien Port., 583.
Aurilla, m. 1820' Justus Stiles of X.Y.

and Mich. Muskegon Port., 322.
Calvin, b. Westhampton, 1805; set.

Mich., 1835. St. Clair, 122.
Climene, b. Westhampton; m. 1839

Erastus Hopkins of Mich. Oakland

Hist., 189.

Enos, set. X. Y., 1820? Mich., 1S39.

Allegan Twent., 455.

Ethan A., set. X. Y., 1820? Oak-
land Port., 269.

Hannah, of Greenwich, m. 1804 Brad-
ford Xewcomb of Vt. Lenawee Hist. I,
309.

James M., set. O., 1840? Osceola,

240.

Clark, Jason, b. 1791; set. \\ Y., Mich.,
1S23. Ingham Port.. 761.

John, b. 1770; set. Vt.. 1777, Mich*,

1833. Shiawassee, 442.

Lucius L., b. Hawlev, 1810; set.

Mich., 1839. St. Clair, 122.

Lydia, b. Hampshire Co.. 1803? m.

Alvah Whitmarsh of Mass., X. Y., and
111. Lenawee Port., 1136.

Mary, m. 1815? Xathaniel Macumber

of X. Y. and Mich. Xewaygo, _'i>7.

Mary A., of Xorthampton; m. 1835

Watson Loud of Mass. and Mich. Ma-
comb Hist., 663.

— Miles D.. set. O., 1838. Washtenaw
Hist., 1261.

— Xancy, b. Somerset, 1773; m. 1796
Henry Weatherwax of X. Y. and Mich.
Lenawee Hist. II, 234.

— Orange, b. Berkshire Co.. set. X. Y.,
O., 1831, Mich., 1854. Berrien Twent.,
579.

— Polly, b. Colerain, 1792; m. 1S11
Daniel Jennings of X. Y. Hillsdaie Port,
222; Lenawee Hist. I. 272; Lenawee
Port., 395.

— Rhoda. b. Sharon; m. 1820' Fisher

Bullard of X. H. Kent, 1392.
— Robert W., from near Pelham; set.
X. Y.; d. 1839. Ingham Port., 750.

— Sophronia, b. Southwick, 1803; m.
Henry W. Clapp of O. and Mich. Jack-
son Hist., 1010.

William A., b. Pittsfield; set X. Y„

1820? Saginaw Port., 455.
William H , b. Hopkinton, 1805; set.

Mich., 1845. Macomb Hist.. 693.
Clarke, Archibald S., set. X. Y., 1810?

Jackson Hist., 968.
Franklin S.. b. Berkshire Co.. 1S12;

set. X. Y., Mich., 1S43. Jackson Hist.,

611.
John. Jr., b. Brewster. 1824: set. X.Y.

Cal., Mich., 1860. Hillsdale Port.. 263.
Linus, set. X. Y., 1S25. Jackson

Hist., 611.

Robert M., b. Brewster, 1S25; set.

Cal. Hillsdale Port., 263.
— William B.. set. X. Y.. 1820" Sagi-

naw Hist., 744.
Cleaves, William S.. b. Lowell. 1851;
set. Mich., 1860. Upper P., 277.

- : ,

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Clegg, Alice, b. Taunton, 1S."_; ni. Asa L.

Crane of Mich. Hillsdale Port., 842.
Clemans, Asa, b. Worcester, 1S04? set.

Mich., 1837. Hillsdale Port., 372.
Clemens, Jonathan, Revolutionary soldier;

set. X. Y. Jackson Port., 341.'
Clough, Elijah, set. Mich., 1839. Oak-
land Port., 765.
Cobb, John, set. Mich., 1S34; d. 1875

Jackson Hist., 880.
Coburn. Jeptha, set. Mich., 1S30. Oak-

> land Port., 488.
— Sallie, m. 1820? Daniel Stearns of

N. Y. Xewaygo, 274.
Codding, Abiah, set. Vt., 1812 soldier.

Berrien Port., 481.
Cody, Rufus, set. X. Y., 1800. Hillsdale

Port., 715.
Coffin, Lydia, b. Xantucket, 17S0; m.

1797 Obed Macy of Mass., X. Y. and

Mich. Lenawee Hist. II. 32G.
Cogswell, Asahel, set. X. Y., 1800? Sagi-
naw Hist., 755.
Cole, Dyer, b. 1799; set. Mich. Lansing,

182.

Luther, set. X. Y., 1785. Monroe,

. 152.

Xathaniel, b. Rehoboth, 1794; set.

X. Y., Mich., 1837. Macomb Hist., 650.
Coleman, Almeda, m. 1820? John Russell

of X. Y. and Mich. Jackson Hist., 955.
Coles, Columbus, b. Williamsburg. 1828;

set. O., Mich., 1854. Isabella, 353.
Horace, set. O., 1839; d. 1882. Isa-
bella, 353.
Oliver, b. Belchertown, 1790? set.

X. Y. and Mich. Osceola, 255.
Collier, Charles S., b. Charlestown, 1803;

set. X. Y., 1840, Mich, 1853. Oakland
I Biog., 76.
Susan, m. 1830? Samuel Andrews of

Mich. Bay Gansser, 486.
Collins, Angeline, b. 1811; m. Alanson

Flower of Mich. Oakland Port., 421.
> Benjamin, from Cape Cod; set. X. Y.,

1802. Berrien Hist., 326.
George, b. Wilbraham; set. Mich.,

1830? Washtenaw Past, 105.
John, b. Hampshire Co., 1816; set.

Mich. Genesee Port., 500.

Collins, Jonah S . b. Cape Cod, 1700, set.
Mich. Genesee Port.. 500.

Xathaniel, set. X. Y., 1825!' Xew-
aygo. L7S.

Colt, Clara or Clarissa, m. 1825 Elnathan
Phelps of Mass. and Mich. Oakland
Biog., 607; Oakland Port., WO,

George, b. Pittsfield. 1807; set. Fla.,

1828, Cuba, 1836, Mich., 1853. Clinton
Port., 385.

Sylvia E., b. Pittsfield, 1706; m 1813

Charles Larned of Mich. Wavne Chron.,
325.

Colton, John B., b. Conwav, 1827; set.
Mich., 1844. Kent. 264.'

Colver, Calvin, b. 1788; set. Mich. Wash-
tenaw Hist., 590.

Coman, Samuel, set. X. Y.. 1800; Mich.,
1835. Hillsdale Port., 700.

Comings, Chester, from Worcester Countv,
set. Mich., 1837. Allegan Hist., 219, 253

Comstock, John, b. 1774; set. X. Y.. 17SS,
Mich., 1S30. Lenawee Hist. I. 497. Len-
awee Port., 648.

Xathan. set. X. Y., 1788. Lenawee

Hist. I, 497.

William, set. Mich., 1850?' Muske-
gon Port., 434.

Conant. Charles R., b. Franklin Co.. 1814;
set. Vt.. 1823, Mich., 1851. Tackson
Port., 594.

Cone, Obed. b. 1792; set. X. Y.. 1825?
Mich., 1853. Lenawee Hist. II. 130.

Congdon, William T.. b. near Boston; set.
X. Y., 1830? Ingham Port.. 246.

Conklin, Ebenezer H., b. Lenox 1790;
set. X. Y., 1806, Mich., 1831. Washte-
naw Hist., 1336.

Conn. George, set. X. H., 1795' X. Y
Clinton Port., 719.

Connable, Abbie, b. Bernardston: m.
1830' James C. Bontecou of R. I.. Mass.
and O. Xorthern M.. 474.

Converse. Benjamin, b. Belchertown,
1813; set. Mich.. 1834. Lenawee Port.,
1207.

Ephraim. b. Brookfield. 1779; res.

Belchertown; set. Mich., 1851. Lena-
wee Port., 1207.

(To be continued.)

[This is the fourth of a series of articles, giving the organization and histo y of all the Uassachtuettl
regiments which took rJart in the war of the Revoluti n.]

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S

REGIMENT

Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment, 1775.
18th Regiment Army of the United Colonies, 1775.

By Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

The southern division of Hampshire County, which - has been known as
Hampden county since the division in 1812, furnished nearly all of the men for
this regiment. The snug farmhouses which nestled in these fertile valleys or
withstood the gales on the green hillsides of this attractive region were the
homes from which went hundreds of sturdy fighters in the cause of liberty.
, Colonel Danielson in response to the Lexington alarm of April 19, 1775,
assembled a regiment of eight companies with the following officers : —

"Colonel Timothy Danielson, of Brimfield.

Lieut. Colonel William Shepard, of West tie Id.

Major David Leonard, of West Springfield.
Springfield Company.

Captain, Gideon Burt.

First Lieutenant, Walter Pynchon.

Second Lieutenant, Aaron Steele.
61 men.
Westfield Company.

Captain, Warham Parks.

First Lieutenant, John Shepard.

Second Lieutenant, Richard Falley.
70 men.
West Springfield Company.

Captain, Enoch Chapin.

First Lieutenant, Samuel Flower.

Second Lieutenant, Luke Day.
53 men.

70 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Blandford and Murray-field Company.

Captain, John Ferguson.

First Lieutenant, David Hamilton.

(No Second Lieutenant)
36 men.
Granville Company.

Captain, Lebbeus Ball.

First Lieutenant, Lemuel Bancroft.

(No Second Lieutenant)
60 men.
Southwick Company.

Captain, Silas Fowler.

First Lieutenant, George Grainger.

Second Lieutenant, John Keent.
22 men.
Monson Company.

Captain, Freeborn Moulton.

First Lieutenant, Asa Fisk.

Second Lieutenant, Abel Allen.

•r

-
j

45 men.

Brimfield Company.

Captain, Joseph Thompson.
First Lieutenant, Aaron Mighill.
Second Lieutenant, Joseph Hoar.

The long distance covered in the march to Cambridge made the regiment
late in arriving at headquarters. It was assigned upon arrival to the forti-
fications at Roxbury. The following note on the roll of Captain Fowler's
Company is of interest: — "Captain Silas Fowler's Co. of Southwick left
there Apr. 21, 1775, marched 110 miles to Roxbury arrived there Apr. 29 &
joined Col. Danielson's Regt."

May 22d, the regiment was made up as follows:
"Joseph Thompson 1 2 4 2 52 61 Caleb Keep

John Carpenter
Enoch Cheapin 1 2 4 1 43 51 Sam'l Flower

Luke Day Jr.
Warhum Parks 1 2 4 1 52 60 John Shepard Jun

Richard Fallev

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 71

Lebbeus Ball 1 2 4 2 48 57 Lemuel Bencraft

Levy Dunham
Gideon Burt 1 4 2 50 57

Paul Langdon 1 1 37 39 Dan'l Cadwell

John Ferguson 11 26 28 Dav' 1 Hambilton

Svlvanus Walker 1 1 3 1 35 41

8 11 23 9 343 399
David Shepard, Surgeon; John Miller, Surgeon's Mate; William Toogood,
Adjutant.

Signed, William Shepard. "

The field officers at this time were the same as in the Minute Men's Regi-
ment. William Young of Hatfield was made Quartermaster May loth. On the
16th of June the total membership of the regiment was 463. with 9 "not yet
joined." They had in their possession 423 guns and 16S bayonets. The regi-
ment was numbered the "Eighth" in the Provincial Army under General
Artemas Ward and contained, about July 1, 1775,-579 men in all, wanting
only 1 sergeant, 5 drummers, and fifers. and 57 men to complete. The
following list gives the names of the company commanders about this time,
with a list of the towns in which the companies were raised:
Captains.
Sylvanus Walker, Palmer, Brookfield, Sturbridge, Brimfield, Western, Ware

etc.
Daniel Egrey, Dartmouth, Rochester, Middleboro.
Lebbeus- Ball, Granville, Southwick, Loudon, Roxbury.
Thomas Plympton,* Dartmouth, Rochester, Westerly, R. I.
John Fergueson, Blanford, Murrayfield, Brimfield.
Joseph Thompson, Brimfield, Marion, South Brimfield, Palmer.
Warham Parks, Westfield.

Enoch Chapin, West Springfield, Watertown. Suffield, Ct.
Gideon Burt, Springfield, Marblehead, Ludlow.

Paul Langdon, Wilbraham, Ludlow, Belchertown, Somers and Windsor, Ct.
Nathan Peters, Stonington, Preston, Norwich and Suffield. Ct.

General Washington took command of the forces on July 4th, and in the
formation of the Army of the United Colonies this regiment became the
" Eighteenth" and was in Brigadier General Thomas's Brigade, " Major Gen-
eral Artemas Ward's Division. It was stationed at Roxbury as it had been

* Mistake in the original. It should be "Kempton."

72 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

in May and June in the Provincial Army. The regiment continued to serve
in these fortifications through the year.

The strength of the company each month is shown in the following
table:

1" to

Com. Off.

Staff.

Non'.-COM.

Rank & Pile.

Total

Aug. IS,

491

586

Sept. 23,

4S1

579

Oct. 17,

466

562

Nov. IS,

454

548

Dec. 30,

453

539

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON, the third son of John and Mar-
garet (Mughill) Danielson, was born December 6, 1733. His father intended
• • him for the ministry. He graduated from Yale in 1756 and later received
the degree of A. M. from the same college. He never became a preacher, how-
ever, but taught school, and in 1771 was one of the two traders in Brimneld.
He represented the town in General Court from 1766 to 1773.

September 26, 176S, he was chosen by the citizens of Brimneld to attend
a convention in Boston, "in order that such measures may be consulted and
advised, as his Majesty's service and the peace and safety of his subjects may
require." In September 1774, "Mr. Timothy Danielson of Brimneld" was
chairman of a 4 'Congress of committees, from every town and district within
the County of Hampshire, and province of the Massachusetts Bay. except-
ing Charlemont and Southwick, held at the courthouse in Northampton." He
was a member of the First Provincial Congress which met at Salem in Octo-
ber 1774, serving on several important committees, including the one. ap-
pointed October 21st, "to report a non-consumption agreement relative to
British and India teas." December 7, 1774, he was appointed on a commit-
tee with "John Adams, Esq., and Mr. Samuel Adams." to bring in a resolve
directing the Hon. James Russell Esq., import officer , to pay the moneys
now in his hands to Henry Gardner, Esq. and not to Harrison Gray. E~ :

February 1, 1775, he was chosen a member of the Second Provincial Con-
gress, from Brimneld and Monson. March 22, he was made chairman of the
committee ' 'to receive the returns of the several officers of militia, of their
numbers and equipments." In April he served on a committee to consider
a letter from the "Committee of Correspondence of Boston." was chosen ' a
gentleman to be added to the delegates appointed to repair to Connecticut."'
and appointed on a county committee of rive for Hampshire. He served as
a committeeman in May on a letter from General Ward, on a committee "to

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 73

consider a false account of the excursion of the King's troops to Concord "
and one on "an application to the Continental Congress for leave to take up
civil government." He was chosen May 31, to represent the same two towns
in the Third Provincial Congress, and was speaker pro tern, of the House of
Representatives June 17, 1776. He commanded a regiment of Minute Men,
April 19, 1775, and led them to Cambridge. This body of men was re-
organized, later in the month, as the Sth Regiment of the Provincial Army
under General Artemas Ward, and in July, into the 18th Regiment of the
Army of the United Colonies under General Washington. The command was
stationed through the year in the defences at Roxbury.

He was chosen Brigadier General for Hampshire County, January 30,
1776 and commissioned February Sth. A distinguished honor was conferred
upon him Oct. 19th, 1776, when he was appointed chairman of a committee
of five, the other members being ' 'Jonathan Gardner, Jun. Esq., George
Partridge, Esq., Colonel Josiah Sartell and Capt. Seth Washburn," (i to
repair without delay to the camp at or near New York ; and there, after
gaining the best intelligence they can get, and after advising with his Excel-
lency General Washington, the Commander-in Chief in that department re-
specting the character of the officers belonging to this state now in the Army
proceed to appoint from the officers now in the Army, or others, the Field
and Staff officers for seven Battalions; and also the Captains and Subalterns
for the Companies of seven Battalions, "etc., etc. He made reports in No-
vember concerning the condition of the Army at White Plains and in De-
cember upon the regimental officers.

Another committee was to repair to Ticonderoga and after consulting
with General Gates, do the same acts in the formation of five battalions. He
made returns of a detachment of Hampshire County militia in the spring of
1777, which marched to reinforce the army at Ticonderoga, and commanded
a secret expedition in September of the same year. He was chosen Major
General by a ballot in the Senate dated May S, 178.1, and the House concurred.
He was commended by General Gates for his efficiency in raising recruits
and forwarding supplies to the army.

He was a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention in
1779-80, and a Fellow of the American Academy. In 177,9 the degree of A. M.
was conferred up:>n him by Harvard College. He died at Brimfield Sept.
19, 1791, aged 58 years and was buried with high military honors. Accord-
ing to tradition he l * possessed a Herculean frame, united with Herculean
strength. He was bold, energetic and combined in an eminent degree many
of the qualities of a popular leader."

74 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

LIEUT. COLONEL WILLIAM SHEPARD was born in Westfield, De-
cember 1, 1737, and received the common school education of those davs.
He enlisted in the French and Indian War, serving as Sergeant in Captain
Jonathan Bull's Company, Colonel William William's regiment from April 13
to Nov. 3. (probably 175S, year not given in the original document.) He
served as Captain from February 22, to December 1, in 17G1 and also held
the same rank in 1762 and 3. April 20, 1775, he was engaged as Lieut.
Colonel of Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment, which
responded to the call of the Lexington Alarm. He served in the same rank
under Colonel Danielson through the year and was commissioned Lieut. Col-
onel in Colonel Ebenezer Learned's 3d Regiment in the Continental Army,
January 1, 1776. Colonel Learned petitioned, May 2, 1776, to be relieved
on account of sickness, and William Shepard served as Lieut. Colonel in
command until Oct. 2, when he was commissioned Colonel to rank from
May 4, 1776. He served through the year and Jan. 1, 1777 was appointed
commander of the 4th Regiment, Massachusetts Line, which he commanded
until January 1st, 1783, when he retired. He commanded the 1st Massachu-
setts Brigade, December 1781, and January 17S2. May 20, 17S2 he was
granted a furlough at West Point by order of the Commander. The follow-
ing account of his military service appeared in the biographical notices of
the members of the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati.

" He was present at the siege of Boston; the evacuation of Long Island;
was wounded at Frog's Point, N. Y., 18 Oct. 1776, by a musket-ball through
the neck; was in the campaign ending in Burgoyne's surrender; commanded
a brigade in the battle of Monmouth; and established a high character for
bravery, sound judgment and humanity. As Major General of the Hamp-
shire County militia,' he protected the U. S. arsenal at Springfield when
threatened by insurgents under Shays in January, 17S7. Upon the advance
of the latter on the afternoon of the 25th to attack him, General Shepard,
after twice ordering them to retire, and warning them of their danger if
they proceeded, discharged his canon on the centre of the rebel column,
which immediately broke and fled in confusion, leaving three of their num-
ber dead and a fourth mortally wounded. This was the only hostile col-
lision during the rebellion, and its effect was such as to effectually pave the
way for General Lincoln's subsequent successful operations, by which this
apparently formidable movement was in a short time entirely subdued.
General Shepard was a member of Congress in 1797-1803, a member of the
Executive Council in 1788-90, and held other public trusts."

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 75

MAJOR DAVID LEONARD, of West Springfield, held that rank in
Colonel Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment in April 1775, and continued
under the same commander through the year. He was commissioned 2d
Major of Colonel Daniel Moseley's 3d Hampshire County Regiment, February
S, 1776, and on June 25th was chosen Lieut. Colonel of Colonel B. Ruggles
Woodbridge's Hampshire County Regiment raised for service " at Quebec
and New York." In February 1777, he was Colonel of a regiment of volun-
teers raised in Hampshire County for service at Ticonderoga.

ADJUTANT WILLIAM TOOGOODwas engaged April 28, 1775, in Col-
onel Timothy Danielson's Regiment in the Provinciai Army, and served
through the year. He was First Lieutenant in Captain Joseph Thompson's
Company in Colonel Thomas Nixon's 4th Continental Regiment through
1776. January 1, 1777"' he "was commissioned Captain in Colonel Thomas
Kixon's 6th Regiment Massachusetts Line. ''Omitted" June, 1779.

SURGEON DAVID SHEPARD, of Ludlow, served as a volunteer Sur-
geon at Concord and Lexington, April 19, 1775. He was Captain of a com-
pany in Col. Seth Pomeroy's Minute Men's Regiment which marched April
22nd in response to the Lexington alarm. On the 2Sth of the same month
he was appointed Surgeon of Colonel Danielson's Regiment and served
through the year. He was a Surgeon of Militia at Bennington in August
1777.

SURGEON'S MATE JOHN MILLER held that rank in Colonel Daniel-
son's Regiment as shown by a return, dated Roxbury May 22, 1775.

QUARTERMASTER WILLIAM YOUNG, of Hatfield, served in the
regiment from about May 15th to the end of the year. A William Young of
Hatfield, (probably the same man) was a private in Captain Israel Chapin's
Company, in Colonel John Fellow's Regiment of Minute Men, April 20, 1775.

CAPTAIN LIBBEUS BALL, of Granville, served under Captain Ben-
jamin Day in the South Regiment of Hampshire County, 25 days in October,
1756. He was Captain of an independent company of Minute Men, which
marched April 20, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm, serving nine
days. On the 29th of April, he was engaged as a Captain in Colonel Daniel-
son's Regiment and served through the year. During 1776 he was a Captain
in Col. Ebenezer Leamed's 3d Continental Regiment. January 1, 1777 he
*as commissioned Captain in Colonel William Shepard's 4th Regiment
Massachusetts Line, and on November 1st was promoted to the rank
of Major, holding that office until he retired January 1,1781. He served

76 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

seven days in June 17S2, as Major in Colonel David Moseley's 3d Hamp-
shire County Regiment.

CAPTAIN JONATHAN BARDWELL was probably the man of that
name who served in May, 1747, under Ensign Obediah Dickinson. He
served as a Captain in Colonel Jonathan Warner's Minute Men's Regiment,
April 19, 1775. May 27, he was commissioned a Captain in Colonel Timo-
thy Danielson's Regiment, and June 12, 1775 he was recommended for com-
mission as Captain in Col. David Brewer's Regiment and he continued to
serve in that organization through the year. In September and October, 1777,
he served for a short time in Colonel Elisha Porter's 4th Hampshire County
Regiment and on Jan. 9, 177S, he was commissioned Captain in that com-
mand.

CAPTAIN GIDEON BURT of Springfield was a descendant of Na-
thaniel in the 5th generation. He was born July 30, 1743. He responded
to the Lexington alarm as First Lieutenant of Major Andrew Colton's Com-
pany of Minute Men. May 27, he was commissioned Captain in Colonel
Timothy Danielson's Regiment in which he continued to serve through the
year. June 13, 1776, he was commissioned Captain in Colonel Charles
Pynchon's 1st Hampshire County Regiment, In March and April, 1777, he
served as a company commander in Colonel David Leonard's Regiment,
organized to reinforce the garrison at Ticonderoga. He was commissioned
Oct. 7, 1777, 1st Major of Colonel John Bliss's 1st Hampshire County Regi-
ment. Later he became Colonel of the same command and did tours of duty
June 12 and 16„17S2, and Sept. 28, 17S4. He died June 12, 1S25.

CAPTAIN ENOCH CHAPIN, of West Springfield, did duty as "Centi-
nel" at Fort Massachusetts from Dec. 1st, 1753, to September 22, 1754,
under Captain Elisha Chapih ; from that date to March 29, 1755, under Cap-
tain Ephraim Williams; and from the 29th of that month to June 26. 1757,
under Capt. Isaac Wyman. He commanded an independent company of
Minute Men, which marched from West Springfield April 20. 1775. He en-
listed in Col. Timothy Danielson's Regiment, April 2S, 1775 and served in
command of a company through the year. July 6, 177S, he was commis-
sioned Captain in a Hampshire County Regiment of Guards under Col. Jacob
Gerrish and was in command of guards at Springfield until December 31. of
that year. it

CAPTAIN DANIEL EGREY, of Dartmouth, was a Lieutenant in Cap-
tain Benjamin Terrey's 2nd Dartmouth company, in Colonel Thomas Gilbert's
2nd Bristol County Regiment, July, 1771. He was Captain of an indepen-

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 77

dent company of Minute Men which marched from Dartmouth, April 21,
1775. He was engaged May 4, 1775, as Captain in Colonel Timothy Daniel-
son's Regiment and served through the year. The records show that for a
short time, in June he was in Colonel David Brewer's Regiment. January
1, 1776, he was commissioned Captain in Colonel William Bond's 25th Con-
tinental Regiment and served at least as late as July 23d.

CAPTAIN JOHN FERGUSON, of Blandford. was a private in Lieuten-
ant David Black's Company, in Colonel John Worthington's Regiment, in the
French and Indian War, and a statement that a bayonet was issued to him
was sworn to December 30, 1758. He was also a private in Captain Jon-
athan Ball's Company, Colonel William William's Regiment, April 13 to
November 3, probably 1758. He served as a Sergeant in Captain Wil-
liam Shepard's Company. (Endorsed 1760) He was Captain of a Com-
pany in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment, April 20, 1775,
and continued to serve under the same commander through the year. He
was a Captain in Colonel Samuel Brewer's Regiment at Ticonderoga in 1776.

CAPTAIN SILAS FOWLER of Southwick, commanded a company of
Minute Men from that town which marched in response to the Lexington
alarm on April 19, 1775, and joined Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment
and served 21 days. He was commissioned a Captain in Colonel John Mose-
ly's 3d Hampshire County Regiment, April 26, 1776. He held various terms
of service in this regiment under different commanders, the last service end-
ing June 17, 1782.

CAPTAIN THOMAS KEMPTON, of Dartmouth, may have been the
man of that name who was a private in Captain James Andrews's Company,
Colonel Thomas Doty's Regiment, from April 10 to October 19, 175S, at that
time of Plymouth. He was Captain of an independent company of Minute
Men which marched from Dartmouth, April 21, 1775. May 4, 1775, he was
engaged as a Captain in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment and served
through the year. He was in Colonel David Brewer's Regiment a short time
in June. He was commissioned Lieut. Colonel of Col. Jacob French's Regi-
ment in March, 1776.

CAPTAIN PAUL LANGDON, of Wilbraham, was the son of Lieuten-
ant Paul and Mary Langdon. He was a " Centinel" in 1747 and S under
Lieutenant John Catlin and also under Maj. Israel Williams in the latter
year. He was in Capt. Samuel Day's Company in the South Hampshire
Regiment, " within two years of 1756." From April 19 to Dec. 9. (1755') he

78 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

was a Sergeant in Capt. Luke Hitchcock's Company, Colonel John Worthing-
ton's Regiment serving in the Crown Point expedition. He was captain of an
Independent company of Minute. Men which marched from Wilbraham, April
20, 1775. May 27, 1775, he was ordered commissioned a Captain in Colonel
Timothy Danielson's Regiment in which command he served through the
year. He died June 23, 1804

' ' CAPTAIN FREEBORN MOULTON commanded a company from
Monson, in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment, April 10,

1775. Service 21 days.

CAPTAIN WARHAM PARKS was engaged in that rank in Colonel
Timothy Danielson's Regiment, April 24, 1775. He was commissioned a
Captain in Colonel Ebenezer Learned's 3d Continental Regiment, January 1,

1776, and served through the year. He was Major of Colonel William Shep-
ard's 4th Continental Regiment from January 1, 1777 to July of the following
year.

CAPTAIN NATHAN PETERS, of Preston, Conn., was the son of
William and Hannah (Chenery) Peters. He was born in Med field August
26, 1747. He was a private in Colonel W r ell's Connecticut Regiment which
responded to the Lexington alarm. April 26, 1775, he was an Ensign in the
7th Company of the 6th Connecticut Regiment. He was engaged on the fol-
lowing day as Captain in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment, serving
through the year. He was Brigade Major in the Rhode Island Campaign
under General Tyler. In 1780 he engaged in privateering from New London,
Conn. He died February 7, 1824.

CAPTAIN THOMAS PLYMPTON'S name is given in one of the lists of
company commanders in the records but it is evidently a mistake, "'Kemp-
ton" being intended.

CAPTAIN JOSEPH THOMPSON, of Brimfield, was the son of James
and Mary (Hancock) Thompson, and was born in Brimfield, March 25, 1733.
He was an ensign in Captain Timothy Hamant's Company from May 26 to
December 16, 1759. In the following year he was a 2nd Lieutenant in Cap-
tain "Trustum" Davis's Company in " his majesty's service" from February
14th to December 16, 1760. He was also a Lieutenant in Capt. Moses Hart's
Company from April 18 to December 5 (1761?). In March 1775. he "was
desired to raise a minute company of fifty men, to be paid one shilling every
half day they shall train, and to train one half day each week.'' This com-
pany marched as a part of Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment on the

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 79

Lexington alarm. Captain Thompson served under the same commander
through the year and in 1776 was a Captain in Col. Nixon's 4th Continental
Regiment. From January 1 to Dec. 19, 1777, he was Major of Col. Thomas
Nixon's 6th Regiment Massachusetts line, and from that date to the end of
1779 was Lieut. Colonel of the same regiment. Through 1780 he was Lieut.
Colonel of Col. Thomas Marshall's 10th Regiment Massachusetts Line. He
was taken prisoner Febuary 3d of that year and exchanged on the 8th of the
December following. He was retired January 1, 1781. After the war he
went to live in Partridgefield, Berkshire County, (Peru and Hinsdale now).
He removed later to Ohio where he had a landed estate. He died in Mari-
etta, Ohio.

CAPTAIN SYLVANUS WALKER, of Palmer, was a Corporal in Cap-
tain Solomon Keyes's Company from April 11 to December 11, 1755, on the
Crown Point expedition. He was Ensign of Capt. John Moseley's Company
from Feb. 18 to Nov. 28, 1756, on another expedition to the same place. In
the following year he was commissioned 1st Lieutenant in Col. Ebenezer
Learned's Regiment, and was a Captain from May 15 to December 23,
(1759?) He was engaged April 24, 1775 as a Captain in Colonel Timothy
Danielson's Regiment, and served (probably) through the year. He was a
Member of the Committee of Safety, March 21, 1780.

LIEUTENANT ABEL ALLEN was in Captain Freeborn Moulton's
Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men's Regiment. He was
credited with 21 days service and was reported "left Cambridge" May 6.
1775.

FIRST LIEUTENANT LEMUEL BANCROFT of Granville, held that
rank in Captain Lebbeus Ball's Company of Minute Men, which marched
April 20, 1775. He served through the year in Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Regiment.

FIRST LIEUTENANT DANIEL CADWELL, of Wilbraham, held that
rank in Captain Paul Langdon's Company of Minute Men which marched
April 20, 1775. He continued to serve under the same company and regi-
mental commanders through the year. He was a Captain in Col. Charles
Pynchon's 1st Hampshire County Regiment in 1776, and December 25th of
that year entered service as Captain in Colonel Timothy Robinson's de-
tachment of Hampshire County militia at Ticonderoga. He died of small
pox March 27, 1777.

FIRST LIEUTENANT ASA COBURN, of Sturbridge, enlisted April 24.
1775, in Captain Sylvanus Walker's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's

80 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Regiment in the above rank and served through the year. He held the same
rank in the oth Continental Regiment through 1776. January 1, 1777, he
was commissioned Captain in the 7th Regiment Massachusetts and served
until June 17S3 in that command, under Colonel Ichabod Alden and Lieut.
Colonel Commanding John Brooks. He removed to Ohio.

FIRST LIEUTENANT SAMUEL FLOWER, of West Springfield, was
called Lieutenant in Captain Chapin's Company in Colonel Timothy Dan-
ielson's Regiment as early as May 22, 1775. Later in the year his rank is
given specifically as ''First" Lieutenant. He served through the year. Jan-
uary 1, 1777, he was commissioned Captain in Col. John Greaton's 3d Regi-
ment Massachusetts line. He served until March 31, 1780, when he resigned.
In June 17S2, he served as Major of Col. David Moseley's 3d Hampshire
County Regiment, on duty in support of the government at Northampton.

FIRST LIEUTENANT WILLIAM GILMORE, of Ware, served first in
Captain Jonathan Bardwell's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Regiment, in May and part of June 1775. When Captain Bardwell was
transferred to Col. David Brewer's 9th Regiment, Army of the Lnited Colo-
nies, Lieutenant GilmOre went with him and served through the year.

FIRST LIEUTENANT GEORGE GRAINGER of Southwick, marched
from that town April 21, 1775, in Captain Silas Fowler's Company of Min-
ute Men. He arrived at Roxbury April 29, and joined Colonel Timothy
Danielson's Regiment. He was dismissed at Roxbury and returned home
after 21 days service. j

FIRST LIEUTENANT DAVID HAMILTON, of Blandford. held that
rank in Captain John Ferguson's Company, Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Minute Mens Regiment, April 20, 1775. He served under the same officers
through the year. In September, 1776, he was a Lieutenant in Captain
Reuben Munn's Company, Colonel Nicholas Dike's Regiment, May 31. 1779.
he was commissioned First Lieutenant in Captain Samuel Sloper's Company,
Colonel John Moseley's 3d Hampshire County Regiment. He served with
them again in June. 1782.

FIRST LIEUTENANT CALEB KEEP, of Monson. served fir:>: as a
Sergeant in Captain Freeborn Moulton's Company in Colonel Tim ot.iy Dan-
ielson's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He was a Lieutenant in
Captain Enoch Chapin's Company, and still later a First Lieutenant in Cap-
tain Joseph Thompson's Company, both companies being in Colonel Timo-
thy Danielson's Regiment. He was a Captain in Colonel William Shep-

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 81

ard's 4th Regiment Massachusetts Line, from Jannary !, 1777. to April
13, 177S, when he resigned. January 14, 1779, he was commissioned Captain
in the 1st Hampshire County Regiment, and Oct. 15th was engaged as Cap-
tain in Colonel Israel Chapin's Regiment. He was discharged November 21,
1779.

FIRST LIEUTENANT AARON MIGHILL, of Brimfield, was in Cap-
tain "Trustum's" Davis's Company from February 14, to December 16, 1760,
in the French and Indian war. He was a Lieutenant in Captain Joseph
Thompson's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Minute Men s Regi-
ment, April 19, 1775, and served to April 29th. He was a Lieutenant in
Captain John Morgan's Company, detached from the militia to guard
stores at Springfield and Brookfield between December 26, 1777 and July 1,
1778. October 2, 177S, he was commissioned Second Lieutenant in Captain
Joseph Browning's Company -in the 1st Hampshire County Regiment under
Colonel John Bliss.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JOHN PICKENS, OF DARTMOUTH, was en-
gaged May 4, 1775, in Captain Daniel Egrey's Company, in Colonel Timothy
Danielson's Regiment, and served through the year.

FIRST LIEUTENANT WALTER PYNCHON, of Springfield, was sec-
ond Lieutenant of Major Andrew Colton's Company of Minute Men, April 19,
1775. On the 28th of April he was engaged as First Lieutenant of Captain
Gideon Burt's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment and he
served through the year. May 21, 1776, he became a Captain in the 1st
Hampshire County Regiment and was Commissioned June 13, 1776.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JOHN SHEPARD JR., of Westneld. held that
rank in Captain Warham Park's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Regiment from April 28, to August 1. 1775, and probably through the year.

FIRST LIEUTENANT AMASA SOPER, of Dartmouth, held that rank
in Captain Thomas Kempton's Company of Minute Men, April 21, 1775. He
continued under the same Captain through the year, although credited to
Colonel David Brewer's Regiment for a time in June. He was named as
Captain in a list proposed for Colonel Joseph Henshaw's Regiment, prob-
ably in 1775. February 27, 1776, he was First Lieutenant in Colonel
Jacob French's Regiment, and on July 5th was commissioned a Captain in
Colonel Thomas Marshall's Boston Regiment. He continued to serve under
the same commander in the 10th Regiment Massachusetts Line until he re-
signed Oct. 30 (31 or Nov. 2), 1780.

82 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

LIEUTENANT JOHN CARPENTER, of Brimfield, was a Sergeant in
Captain James Sherman's Company. Colonel Pynchon's Regiment, which
marched on the alarm of April 1'9, 1775. He was commissioned a Lieuten-
ant in Captain Joseph Thompson's Company, Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Regiment, May 27, 1775. He was evidently an Ensign during a part of his
term of service in this regiment. June 27, 1777. he was engaged as First
Lieutenant in Captain Joseph Sibley's Company. Colonel Danforth Keyes's
Regiment, and served in Rhode Island until January 4. 177*. He was a
Captain in Col. Ezra Wood's 3d Worcester County Regiment from the fol-
lowing May until February 2, 1779. He was engaged as Captain of a Com-
panv of guards, March 5, 1779, and continued in such service to March 31,
1783.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOHN CHADWICK.of Dartmouth, was a Ser-
geant in Captain Thomas Kempton's Company of Minute Men, April 21. 177").
He enlisted May 4, 1775, as a Second Lieutenant in Colonel Timothy Daniel-
son's Regiment, and served through the year

SECOND LIEUTENANT LUKE DAY, .of West Springfield/served in that

rank in Captain Enoch Chapin's Company of Minute Men, April 20, 1775.
He was an Ensign in Captain Chapin's Company in Colonel Timothy Daniel-
son's Regiment, and May 22nd his name appears on the roll as Lieutenant. In
a company return dated October 6, he was reported as "on command at Que-
bec." He was commissioned January 1, 1777, Captain in the 7th Regiment
Massachusetts Line and served in that command under Colonels Alden and
Brooks until June 3, 1783. He became a prominent leader with Shays in the
rebellion of 17S6-7.

SECOND LIEUTENAN1 LEVI DUNHAM, of Southwick, was a Sergeant
in Captain Silas Fowler's Company of Minute Men. April 21, 1<75.
He became an Ensign in Captain Lebbeus Ball's Company in Colonel Tim-
othy Danielson's Regiment, and later a Second Lieutenant in the same com-
mand, serving through the year.

SECOND LIEUTENANT RICHARD FALLEY. of Westfield. served
first as Ensign and then as Second Lieutenant in Captain Warham Park's
Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment. He was engaged first
May 4. 1775, and later was appointed armorer and allowed "20 per month in
addition to his pay as Ensign " as he was ' ' a complete master of the business. "
In 1776, he was a First Lieutenant in Captain Jedediah Southworth's Com-
pany, Colonel Lemuel Robinson's Regiment. He was granted beating orders
for Hampshire County, April 11, 177G, as a member of Captain Josiah
Smith's Company.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOSEPH HOAR, of Brimfield. held that rink
in Captain Joseph Thompson's Company in Colonel Timothy Danielson's
Minute Men's Regiment, April 19. 1775. June i3. 1776, he was commis-
sioned First Lieutenant in Captain Aaron Charles's Company in Colonel

COLONEL TIMOTHY DANIELSON'S REGIMENT 83

Charles Pynchon's 1st Hampshire County Regiment. He was engaged M
1, 1777. as a First Lieutenant in Captain Reuben Munn's Company, 'late)
Colonel David Leonard's Regiment, to reinforce the army at Ticonder
August 14 of that year he was engaged to serve in the same rank in Captain
Daniel Winchester's Company, Colonel B. Ruggles Woodbridge's Regiment,
He was engaged as Captain in Colonel Gideon Burt's Regiment, June 16,
17S2.

LIEUTEXAXT MOSES HOW, of Captain Jonathan Bardwell's Company

in Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment, was in camp at Roxbury May
27. 1775. June 12th, it was recommended that he be given a commissi m as
Ensign under the same Captain Bardwell who was then in Colonel David
Brewer's Regiment.

SECOND LIEUTEXAXT JOHX KEEXT of Southwick. held that rank
in Captain Silas Fowler's (Southwick) Company of Minute Men. This com-
pany marched in response to the Lexington alarm and arrived at Roxbury
April 29, 1775. He joined Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment and served
in it 21 days.

SECOXD LIEUTEXAXT AVERY PARKER, of Dartmonth, wasan offi-
cer in Captain Daniel Egery's Company of Minute Men which marched April
21, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm. He served through the year
under the same commanders except for a short time in June, when the com-
pany was in Colonel David Brewer's Regiment. He was a Second Lieuten-
ant in Captain Benjamin Dillingham's Company, Colonel Jacob French's
Regiment at Winter Hill in February and March, 1776. In August. 17S0,
he served for a few days as Captain in Colonel John Hathaway's 2d Bristol
County Regiment.

SECOXD LIEUTEXAXT SETH SMITH of Suffield, was an Ensign in
Captain X T athan Peter's Company, Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment,
and later served to the end of the year as Second Lieutenant in the same com-
pany. He held the 'same rank in Colonel Ebenezer Learned's 3d Continen-
tal Regiment through 1776. He died July 6, 1S30.

SECOXD LIEUTEXAXT AAROX STEEL, of Springfield, was a Ser-
geant in Major Andrew Colton's Company oi Minute Men which marched
April 20, 1775. He was engaged April 2S, as a Second Lieutenant in Cap-
tain Gideon Burt's Company, Colonel Timothy Danielson's Regiment. Jan-
nary 1, 1777, he was appointed First Lieutenant in Captain Asa Coburn's
Company in Colonel Ichabod Alden's 7th Regiment Massachusetts Line.
He served in that regiment until he died Xovember 24, 177 <. Half pay
was allowed his family to Xovember 25, 17S4.

SECOXD LIEUTEXAXT JOSIAH WIXTER held that rank in Colonel
Timothy Danielson's Regiment from May to December, 1775.

LOCAL HISTORICAL SOCIETIES

IN MASSACHUSETTS

By Chas. A. Flagg

The purpose of the Massachusetts Magazine being to gather and pre-
serve the history of the state, it is appropriate that it should notice some of
the other agencies engaged in the same work. Probably there is no other
state with anywhere near the number of historical societies found here,
and yet there is no list of them even approaching completeness.

This list has been compiled from replies sent in by officers of the societies
themselves, in nearly every case.

Societies are entered under the name of city or town where they are
located. Reference is made from other towns covered, except for county
societies (which are indicated in the last part of the list.)

The following particulars are given: 1, Corporate name; 2, Date of or-
ganization (abbreviated by O.) ; 3, Incorporation (abbreviated by I.) ; 4. Num-
ber of members (abbreviated by M.) ; 5. Frequency of meetings (+ indicating
that besides the regular meetings mentioned, there are special ones subject to
call ; 6, Xames of president, secretary and treasurer, address being given when
differing from place of society's headquarters.

There are also added notes of territory covered by local societies, if
broader than a single town, and titles of serial publications issued, if any.
etc. Xo mention is made of single or special publications, nor of the printing
of local records undertaken by several of our societies.*

Extinct societies are also noted with such information as could be ob-
tained about them.

It can hardly be expected that the list will be found free from errors
or omissions. Any such, however trifling, should be reported, and correction
will appear in the next number of the magazine.

♦Those who wish full lists of society publications are referred to "Bibliography
of American historical societies," bv A. P. C. Griffin, 2d edition, 1907.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 85

No attempt is made to include the denominational historical societies, of
which there are a number with varying fields of activity; nor the national
patriotic-hereditary societies with their state organizations and local chapters.
These last named bodies are often found doing very valuable work in local
history; but through their numerous registers and other publications it is
comparatively easy to follow their activities.

Of the 356 cities and towns in the commonwealth 87 have active
societies and 31 more are represented in the list by references.

There are 10 towns represented only by societies which are dead or
inactive.

Acton.

Acton Historical Society. Inactive.

Acushnet, see-under New Bedford.

Amesbury. Amesbury Improvement Association. O. 1SSG. I. 1S97. M. SO.

Monthlv. Pres. Cvrus AY. -Ro well; Sec. Mrs. Emilv B. Smith, 6 Pleasant

St.; Tr'eas. FredW. Merrill.
''Transactions," vol. 1, 1901.

Amherst. Amherst Historical Society. O. 1899. I. 1903. M. about 50.
Four each year. Pres. Mrs. Mabel L. Todd; Sec. William I. Fletcher;
Treas. George Cutler.

Andover. Andover Natural History Society. O. 1904. M. 40. Monthly.

Pres. William G. Goldsmith; Sec. and Trcas. Myron E. Gutterson.
Devoted to civil as well as natural history.

Arlington. Arlington Historical Society. O. 1897. I. 1S9S. M. 134. Month-
ly, Sept. to Apr. Pres. Hon. James P. Parmenter; Sec. Frederick E.
Fowle, 430 Massachusetts Ave. ; Treas. Warren A. Peirce.

Ashby. Ashby Historical Society. O. 1898. M. 25. Three each year-)-.
Pres. Henry A. Lawrence ; Sec. Miss Sophia E. Lawrence; Trcas. Mrs.
Mary E. Shaw.

Ashland.

There is now being organized a historical society under direction of a committee of
three ladies, appointed four years ago by the Ashland Home Study Club.

Ayer, see under Groton.

Bedford. Bedford Historical Society. O. 1893 as an adjunct to the Bed-
ford Free Public Library Corporation. M. 20. Irregular. Pres. George
R. Blinn; Sec. Abram E.' Brown; Trcas. Charles W. Jenks.

Belchertown. Belchertown Historical Association. O. 1903. M. 44. An-
nual +• Pres. Dwight P. Clapp ; Recording Sec. Marion, Bartlett : Cor-
responding Sec. Daniel D. Hazen ; Treas. Mrs. William Bridgeman.

Bellingham, see under Mendon.

86 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Belmont, see under Watertown.

Beverly. Beverly Historical Society. O. 1901. I. 1901. M. 87. Quart - -
Prcs. George E. Woodbury; Sec. Annie March Kilham ; Trcas. Roland \V-
Boy den.

Billerica. Billerica Historical Society. O. 1S94. I. 1896. M. 42. Annual.
Prcs. Charles E. Hosmer. M. D., South Billerica; Sec. Miss Martha A.
Dodge; Treas. T. Frank Lyons.

Blackstone, see under Mendon.

Boston. Bostonian Societv. O. 18S1 (as successor of Boston Antiquarian
Club 1S79-S1.) I. 1SS1. M. about 1125. Monthly, Oct. to May.
Pres. James F. Hunnewell ; Clerk and Trcas. Charles F. Read.

"Proceedings," annual since 18S2; "Publications," vol. I-V, 1886-1908.

Bunker Hill Monument Association. O. 1823. I. 1S23. M. about 700.
Annual. Pres. John C. Warren, M. D. ; Sec. Francis H. Brown, M. D.
Trcas. Francis H. Lincoln, Hingham.
'Proceedings/' annual since 1861.

Dorchester Historical Society. O. 1S91. I. 1S93. M. 125. Monthly.

Pres. Richard C. Humphreys; Sec. and Treas. John A. Fowle, Columbia

Road.
There was an earlier society, "The Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society" in
existence 1843-93. which published "Collections," no. 1-3, 1844-50.

Old South Historical Society. O. 1891. I. 1901. M. about SO.
Monthly Prcs. J. C. S. Andrew, Beachmont ; Sec, Nellie I. Simpson,
23 Franklin St., Charlestown ; Treas. Jessie G.. Paine, Cambridge.

Roxbury Historical Society. O. 1S91 (as Roxbury Military Histori-
cal Society.) I. 1901, under'present name. M 400. Quarterly. Prcs.
John E. "Gilman; Sec. Henry A. May, 98 Moreland St., Roxbury;
Treas. William S. Rumrill.

Society of Mayflower Descendants (The parent or X. Y. Society. 0.
1894.) Mass. society O. 189G. I. 1896. Governor, Asa P. French: Sec.
George E. Bowman' 53 Mt. Vernon St., Boston; Trcas. Arthur I. Xash.
"Mayflower Descendant." quarterly, vol. 1-10, 1899-1908.

South Boston Historical Society. Such a society was reported O. 1896. but seems to be

no longer in existence.

Bridgewater. Old Bridgewater Historical Society. O. 1894. I. 1895. M. 300.
Quarterly. Pres. Robert O. Harris. East Bridgewater; Recording Sec.
Edward 'B. Maglathlin, West Bridgewater; Corresponding Sec. Joshua
E. Crane, Bridgewater; Trcas. Fred A. Hunting, East Bridgewater

For the old town of Bridgewater, including present Bridgewater, Brockton, bast

Bridgewater and West Bridgewater.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 87

Brockton, see under Bridgewater.

Brookfield. Quaboag Historical Society. 0-1895. 1. 1S95. M. about 350.
Two each year. Pres. Robert Batchelder, Boston; Sec. John S. Cooke,
North Brookfield; Trcas. Philander Holmes, Brookfield..

For the original town of Brookfield. from which the following towns were formed,

wholly or in part: Brookfield, Xew Braintree, Xorth Brookfield, Warren and West

Brookfield.

Brookline. Brookline Historical Society. O. 1891- I. 1901. M. ISO. Month-
ly, Oct. to May. Pres. Rufus G. F. Candage; Sec. and Treas. Edward
W. Baker.

"Proceedings," annually 1902-06; "Publications," no. 1-3, 1903-04.

1895-1900 there was in existence a society with name Brookline Historical Publication

Society, which issued 2 volumes of "Publications."

Cambridge. Cambridge Historical Society. O. 1905. I. 1905. M. about
185. Three a year, Pres. Richard H. Dana; Sec. Frank G. Cook, 44.
Garden St.; Treas. Henry H. Edes.

"Publications," no. I— III, 1906-08. -

Harvard Memorial Society. O. 1895. M. 40 from each college class.
Irregular. Pres. William C. Lane; Sec. George Gund. 21 Russell Hall;
Treas. J. M. Groton.
There was an earlier Harvard Historical Society in the "eighties."

Shepard Historical Society O. 1889. M. about 100. Annual -f.
Pres. Alexander McKenzie, D. D. ; Sec. Hewitt G. Fletcher, 375 Harvard
St. ; Treas. Edwin S. Chapin.
History of First Church in Cambridge, and parish and town in which it is situated.

Canton. Canton Historical Society. O. 1871. I. 1893. M. 69. Five each
year. Pres. Winthrop Packard, Canton Corner; Clerk, William A.
Tucker, Randolph St., Ponkapoag; Treas. A. Herman Gill, Canton
Corner.

Charlemont. Old Folks' Association ofCharlemont and Vicinity. O. 1S70.
Annual. Pres. Ansel L.Tyler; Sec. and Treas. Edward P. Smead.

Charlestown, see Boston.

Charlton, see under Southbridge.

Clinton. Clinton Historical Society. O. 1S94. I. 1903. M. 105. Monthly.
Sept. to June. Pres. Jonathan Smith; Sec. W. Irving Jenkins, 250
Chestnut St.; Treas. William O. Johnson.

Concord. Concord Antiquarian Society. O. 1886. I. 1886. M. 160. Month-
ly, Sept. to June. Pres. Adams Tolman ; Sec. Henry F. Smith, Jr. ; Treas.
Thomas Todd.

[Publications] 11 nos. 1902-03.

88 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Danvers. Danvers Historical Society. 0. 1889. I. 1S93. M. 250. Annual
and quarterly +. Pres. Ezra D. Hines; Sec. Andrew Nichols, Hathorne,
Mass.; Treas. Loring B. Goodale.

Dartmouth, see under New Bedford.

Dedham. Dedham Historical Society. O. 1859. I. 1862. M. 142. Month-
ly, Oct. to June. Pres. Julius H. Tuttle;S<?c. Frank E. Morse, Franklin
Square, Dedham; Treas. George W. Humphrev.

"Annual report" 1SS9-92; •"Dedham Historical Register, " quarterly, vol 1-14 18 r >0-

1903.

Deerfield. Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association. O. 1870. I. 1870. M.

not given. Annual. Pres. George Sheldon; Corresponding Sec. Mrs. M.

Elizabeth Stebbins; Recording Sec. Rev. Richard E. Birks; Treas. John

Sheldon, Greenfield.
"History and Proceedings" vol. 1-4, 1890-1905.

Dorchester, see Boston.

Dover. Dover Historical and Natural History Society. O. 1895. I. 1900.
M. 65. Quarterly. Pres. Frank Smith ; Sec. and Treas. Mrs. Sarah A.
Higgins.

Dudley, see under Southbridge.

Dunstable, see under Groton.

East Bridgewater, see under Bridgewater.

Fairhaven, see under New Bedford.

Falmouth. Falmouth Historical Society. O. 1900. I. 1905. M. 42. Quar-
terly. Pres. Henry H. Smythe; Sec. Seba A. Holton; William H.
He wins.

Fitchburg. Fitchburg Historical Society. O. 1S92. I. 1S96. M. 63. Month-
ly, Oct. to May. Pres. Frederick F. Woodward; Sec. Ebenezer Bailey,
39 High St. ; Treas. Frederick A. Currier.

"Proceedings" vol. 1-4, 1895-1908.

Foxborough. Foxborough Historical Society. O. 189S. I. 1898. M. 31,
Quarterly. Pres. William E. Horton; Sec. Mrs. Alice M. Horton; Treas.
William H. Carpenter.

Framingham. Framingham Historical and Natural Historv Society. 0.
1888. I. 1892. M. 110. Annual +. Pres. John H. Temple. 'South
Framingham; Sec. Constantine C. Esty, Framingham; Treas. George H.
Eames, South Framingham.

Gloucester. Cape Ann Scientific and Literary Association. O. 1S75. I. 1892.
M. 229. Several meetings a month except in summer. Pres. Dr. William
Hale; Sec. Alfred E. Presson. 6 Liberty St.; Treas. George W. Woodbury.

Greenfield. Greenfield Historical Society. O. 1907. I. 1907. M. 89;
Monthly during winter. Pres. Judge John A. Aiken; Sec. Albert L. Wing.
Church St. ; Treas. Charles Xims.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 89

Groton. Groton Historical Society. O. 1894. I. 1894. M. 100. Four each
year. Pres. Dr. Samuel A. Green, Boston; Sec. Thomas L. Motley; Treas.
Lillian W. Kane.

For the towns wholly or partly included within the limits of old Groton: Groton, Pep-

perell, Shirley, Aver, Littleton, Harvard, Westford and Dunstable.

Harvard. Harvard Historical Society. O. 1897. I. 1900. M. 64. Quar-
terly. Pres. Dr. H. B. Royal; Sec. Miss S. E. Pollard; Treas. Albert H.
Bigelow.
See also under Groton.

Haverhill. Haverhill Historical Society. O. 1S97. I. 189S. M. 400.
Quarterly +. Pres. Edward G. Frothingham; Sec. Stanley D. Gray,
9 Dustin St.; Treas. Raymond Xoyes.

Heath. Heath . Historical Society. O. 1900. I. 1902. M. 73. Annual.
Pres. William A. Dickinson; Sec. Mamie E. Maxwell; Treas. Hugh Max-
well.

Holbrook. Holbrook Historical Society. O. 1897. I. 1897. M. about 25.
Irregular. Pres. Lewis Alden; Sec. Mrs. Abbie H. French; Treas. Mrs.
Annie M. Southworth.

Hopedale. See under Mendon.

Hyde Park. Hyde Park Historical Society. O. 1SS7. I. 1S90. M. about
125. Quarterly +. Pres. Charles G. Chick; Recording Sec. Fred L.
Johnson; Corresponding Sec. Henry B. Carrington, Summer St.; Treas.
Henry B. Humphrey.

"Hyde Park Historical Record," vol. I-VI. 1892-1908.

Ipswich. Ipswich Historical Society. O. 1890. I. 1S9S.^ M. 267. Annual
+. Pres. T. Frank Waters; Recording Sec. John W. Goodhue; Corre-
sponding Sec. and Treas. T. Frank Waters.

"Publications," I-XV, 1894-1907.

Lawrence. Lawrence Society of Natural Historv and Archaeology. 0. 18S7.
I. 1895. M. 106. Monthly. Pres. Richard H. Barlow; Sec. Mrs. Elizabeth
Schneider, 36 Summer St.; Treas. Miss Helen M. Church.

Leominster. Leominster Historical Society. O. 1906. I. 1907. M. 40.
Monthly, Sept. to June. Pres. Perley M. Russell; Sec. Charles S. Hough-
ton, 61 Orchard St.; Treas. Fred B. Hills.

Lexington. Lexington Historical Society. O. 1SS6. I. 1886. M. about 200.

Five each year. Pres. George O. Whiting; Recording Sec. Irving P. Fox;

Corresponding Sec. Mary E. Hudson; Treas. Charles F. Prince.
"Proceedings and Papers," vol. 1-3, 1890-1905.

Littleton. Littleton Historical Society. O. 1896. I. 1896. M. 16. Quar-
terly. Pres. Herbert J. Harwood; Sec. and Treas. Miss S. F. White.
See also under Groton.

90 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Longmeadow. Longmeadow Historical Society. O. 1899. I. 1900. If.

about 100. Annual +. Pres. Capt. Simon B. Parker; Sec. Water P.
Sherman; Treas. Frank S. Bur.t.

Lowell. Lowell Historical Society. O. 1902. 1.1902. M. about 150. Four
each year. Pres. Solon W. Stevens; Recording Sec. Horace S. Bacon;
Corresponding Sec. Alfred P. Seaver, 45 Merrimack St.; Treas. Albert L.'
Bacheller.

Successor of Old Residents' Histojical Society of Lowell, O, 1868, which published

6 volumes of "Contributions," 1S73-1904.

"Contributions of Lowell Historical Society," vol. I, no. 1, 1907.

Lunenburg. Lunenburg Historical Society. O. 1897. M. 50. Annual -(-.
Pres. James Hildreth; Sec. office vacant; Treas. George E. Jones.

Lynn. Lynn Historical Society. O. 1S97. I. 1897. M. 550. Monthly.

Pres. Benjamin N. Johnson; Sec. John Albree, Swampscott; Treas. Everett

H. Black.
"Register," 1S9S-1905, 7 vols.

Maiden. Maiden Historical Society. O. 1SS6. I. 1SS7. M. 100. Four
each year. Pres. Deloraine P. Corey; Sec. Frank E. Woodward,
93 Rockland Ave.; Treas. office vacant.

Manchester.

Manchester Historical Society. O. 1886. I. 1896. M. 75. Quarterly. (Inactive
since July, 1907.) Pres. office vacant; Sec. a>id Treas. Alfred S. Jewett.

Marblehead. Marblehead Historical Society. O. 1S9S. I. 1902. M. 160.
Monthly. Pres. Nathan P. Sanborn; Sec. Richard Tutt. Maverick St.;
Treas. William D. T. Trefry.

Medfield. Medfield Historical Society. O. 1891. I. 1891. M. 43. Two
each year -\-.Pres. John M. Richardson; Sec. Harriet A. Fowle, 69 Main
St.; Treas. William S. Tilden.

Medford. Medford Historical Society. O. 1896. I. 1896. M. 275. Two
each month, Oct. to Apr. Pres. Will C. Eddy; Recording Sec. Miss
Alice E. Curtis; Corresponding Sec, George S. T. Fuller, 7 Alfred St. ; Treas.
Alfred R. Winter.

"Medford Historical Register," vol. I-XI, 1898-1908.

Medway. Medway Historical Society. O. 1901. 1.1902. M. 52. Monthly
except in summer. Pres. Herbert X. Hixon, West Medway; Sec. Orion
T. Mason, School St., Medway; Treas. W. Irving Kelsey, West Medway.

Mendon. Mendon Historical Society. O. 1896. M. 186. Two each year.

one in Mendon and one in Bellingham. Pres. Marcus M. Aldrich; Sec.

Horace C. Adams; Treas. Mrs. Herbert J. George.
Old Mendon and her daughter towns: Bellingham, Uxbridge, Upton, Xorthbridge,
Milford, Blackstone and Hopedale.

Methuen. Methuen Historical Society. O. 1S95. I. 1S95. M.^120.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 91

Monthly. Oct. to June. Pres. Hon. Joseph S. Howe; Sec. Elizabeth B.

Currier, 59 Hampshire St.; Treas. Dr. George E. Woodbury.
"Publications," no. 1-2, 1896. The society has issued other later "Publications," but
not in the numbered series.

Milford, see under Mendon.

Milton. Milton Historical Society. O. 1905. I. 1905. M. 220. Three each
year. Pres. Nathaniel T. Kidder; Corresponding Sec. Mrs. Caleb L. Cun-
ningham, 401 Adams St., East Milton; Recording Sec. Charles E. Churchill;
Treas. Arthur H. Tucker.
"Annual Report," lst-3d, 1906-08.

Monson. s

Monson Historical Society. I. 1895. M. about 30. Has been inactive for a num-
ber of years. Treas. Geo. C. Flynt.

Nantucket. Xantucket Historical Association O. 1S94. I. 1S94. M. 31S.

Annual. Pres. Alexander Starbuck; Sec. Mrs. Elizabeth C. Bennett;

Treas. Henrv S. Wver.
"Bulletin," vol. I, no. 1-2: vol. H, no. 1-5; vol. III. no. 1, 1S98-1906. "Proceedings in.
of 4th-14th annual meeting 1S9S-1908. (Proceedings of lst-3d meetings 189-5-97, pub
one pamphlet 1907 J

Natick. Historical, Natural History and Library Society of South Xatick.
O. 1S73. I. 1873. M. 136. Quarterly. Pres. Gustavus Smith. South
Natick; Sec. Isabelle R. Heinlein, South Xatick; Treas. Morton V. B. Bart-
lett.

Successor of the Historical and Xatural History Society of Eliot, O. 1S<0.

New Bedford. Old Dartmouth Historical Society. O. 1903. I. 1903. M.

about 1000. Quarterly. Pres. Edmund Wood; Sec. William A. Wing,

20 South 6th St.; Treas. William A. Mackie.
Old Dartmouth and her daughter towns; Dartmouth, Xew Bedford, Westport, Fair-
haven, Acushnet.

New Braintree, see under Brookfield.

Newbury, see under Newburyport.

Newburyport. Historical Society of Old Xewbury. O. 1S79, as Antiquarian
and Historical Society of Old Xewburv;. name changed 1SS2. I. 1S96.
M. 300. Monthly, Sept. to June. Pres. Rev. Herbert E. Lombard,
Byfield Parish, Xewbury; Sec. Miss Harriet E. Jones, Xewburyport;
Treas. Arthur W. Moody, Xewbury.

Old Xewbury included the modern Xewbury, Xewburyport and West Xewbury.

Newton. Newton Historical Society. O. 1902. I. 1902. M. 11. Annual +.
Pres. Hon. Thomas Weston; Sec. Alfred W. Fuller; Treas. Frank A.
Mason, 107 Homer Street.

North Adams. Fort Massachusetts Historical Society. O. 1S95. I. 1S95.
M. 150. Annual. Pres. Junius B. Temple; Sec. Willard E. Whitaker;
Treas. Mrs. Hannah B. Richmond.

92 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

North Brookfield.

North Brookfield Historical Society. O. 18G4. Probably lived but a short time.
See also under Brookfield.

Northborough. Xorthborough Historical Society. O. 1906. M. 70. Monthly,
Oct. to Apr. Pres. Gilman B. Howe; Sec. Rev. Josiah C. Kent; Treas.
Ezra H. Bigelow.

Northbridge, see under Mendon.

Norwood. Norwood Historical Society. O. 1907. I. 1907. M. 33. Monthly
Sept. to June. Pres. Milton H. Howard; Sec. Walter J. Berwick, 24
Cottage St.; Treas. Emily C. Fisher.

Orange. Orange Historical and Antiquarian Society. O. 1898. I. 1898.
M. 21. Quarterly. Pres. Arthur F. Slate; Sec. Caroline M. Mayo, 24:
Winter St.; Treas. Matilda Slate.

Oxford.

Huguenot Memorial Association, I 1S81. Composed of descendants of the early
Huguenot settlers ; it bought a piece of land and erected a monument in 18S4. Since then
has been inactive.

Palmer. Palmer Historical Society. O. 1900. I. 1900. M. 50. Monthly,
Oct. to May. Pres. James B. Stone; Sec. Mrs. Lucy A. Hitchcook, 15
Squier St.; Treas. Mrs. L. E. Carpenter.

Peabody. Peabody Historical Society. O. 1896. I. 1S96. M. about 160.

Quarterly +. Pres. William Armstrong; Sec. Mrs. Elizabeth C. Osborn,

55 Central St.; Treas. Svlvanus L. Xewhall.
" Annual Report," lst-llth, 1896-1907.

Pepperell. see under Groton.

Pittsfield. Berkshire Historical and Scientific Society. O. 1S7S. M. 150.

Quarterly. Pres. Joseph Peirson; Sec. and Treas. H. H. Ballard.
"Collections" (early nos. have varying titles,) 1SS6-1900.

Plymouth. Pilgrim Society. O. 1819. I. 1820. M. not given. Two each
year. Pres. Arthur Lord; Sec. William W. Brewster; Treas. Charles B.
Stoddard.

Provincetown. Cape Cod Pilgrim Memorial Association. I. 1S92. M. not
given. Pres. J. Henry Sears, Brewster; Sec. Osborne Xickerson, Chat-
hamport; Treas. Howard F. Hopkins, Provincetown.

Formed for the purpose of erecting a monument to commemorate the first landing of the

Pilgrims at Provincetown.

Quincy. Quincy Historical Society. O. 1S93. I. 1S93. M. about 120. Four

each year. Pres. Brooks Adams; Sec. Emery L. Crane; Treas. James L.

Edwards.
Rehoboth. Rehoboth Antiquarian Societv. O. 1884. I. 1885. M. about

100. Annual +. Pres. Hon. George X. Goff; Sec. Ellery L. GorT. Elm

Square; Treas. Henry T. Horton.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 93

Rockport, see under Gloucester.
Roxbury, see Boston.

Salem. Essex Institute. O. 184S.' I. 1848. M. 664. Monthly -f . Pres.

Francis H. Appleton. Peabody; Sec. George F. Dow, Topsfield; Treas.

William O. Chapman, Salem.
Founded by union of Essex Historical Society (I. 1821) with Essex County Natural His-
tory Societv.

"Proceedings," vol. I-VI, 1856-70; "Historical Collections," vol. I-XLIV, 1859-1906;
"Bulletin," vol. I-XXX, 1S70-9S; "Annual Report," 1899-190S.

Old Planter's Society. O. 1S99. I. 190S. Annual -f. Pres. Col. T. W.
Higginson, Cambridge; Sec. Miss Lucie Marion Gardner, 4 Lynde St.,
Salem; Treas. Frank V. Wright, Salem.

Sandwich. Sandwich Historical Society. O. 1907. I. 1907. M. 52.
Quarterly. Pres. William L. Nye; Sec. Charles M. Thompson; Treas.
George E. Burbank.

Sharon. Sharon Historical Society. O. 1903. I. 1903. M. 154. Quarterly.

Pres. Edmund H.Talbot, Boston; Corresponding Sec. George Kempton;

Treas. W. Winthrop Capen.
Continues the work of the Sharon Antiquarian Committee, established by the town in 1888
and reorganized in 1S95.
"Publications," no. 1-5, 1904-08.

Shirley, see under Groton.

Shrewsbury. Shrewsbury Historical Society. O. 1S9S. I. 1902. M. 72.
Five each year. Pres. Alfred H. Knight; Sec. Mrs. Jessie Prairie; Treas.
George W. Cogswell.

Somerville. Somerville Historical Society. O. 1897. I. 1S97. M. 206.

Two each month. Pres. Frank M. Hawes; Sec. Ella R. Hurd. 458a Med-

ford St.; Treas. William B. Holmes.
"Publications," no. 1, 1901; "Historic leaves," quarterly, vol. 1-VI, 1902-190S.

South Natick, see Natick.

Southbridge. Quinabaug Historical Society. O. 1S99 as Southbridge Histor-
ical Society. ~ L 1899, under present name. M. 135. Monthly. Oct. to
Apr.-f-. Pres. John M. Cochran; Corresponding Sec. Miss Mary E. Clem-
ence; Recording Sec. Mrs. Xewton E. Putney; Treas. Alvah L. Hyde.

For /territorv comprising towns of Sturbridge, Southbridge, Dudley and Charlton.

"Leaflets," vol. 1, 25 nos. (1902-07); vol. 2, no. 1-6.

Springfield. Connecticut Valley Historical Society. O. 1876. M. about 220.

Five each year. Pres. William F. Adams; Sec. Henry A. Booth; Treas.

William C. Stone.
"Papers and proceedings." vol. 1-2, 1881-1904.

Stoughton. Stoughton Historical Society. O. 1895. I. 1903. M. about
80. Monthly, Oct. to Apr. Pres. Henri L. Johnson; Sec. Amelia M.
Clifton; Treas. Richard B. Ward.

94 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Sturbridge, see under Southbridge.
Swampscott.

Swampscott Historical Society. Has* been inactive for some time.

Taunton. Old Colony Historical Society. 1.1853. M. 680- Four each year.
Pres. Henrv M. Lovering; Sec. James E. Seaver; Treas. George A. King.
"Collections," no.' 1-6 ,1879-99.

Topsfield. Topsfield Historical Society. O. 1894. M. 261. Five each year.

Pres. Charles J. Peabodv; Sec. and Treas. George F. Dow.
"Historical Collections," vol. 1-13, 1895-190S.

Townsend.

Townsend Historical Society. O. 1S96. I. 1S96. M. 37. Inactive since 1S97.

Upton, see under Mendon.

Uxbridge, see under Mendon.

Wakefield. Wakefield Historical Society. O. 1890. I. 1893. M. not given.
Annual. Pres. Ashton H. Thayer; Corresponding Sec. Charles F. Mans-
field, Avon St.; Recording Sec. F. W. Young; Treas. A. A. Hawkes.

Walpole.

Walpole Historical Society. O. 1S9S. I. 1S98. M. about 45. Xo meetings for about

two years.

Pres. J. Edward Plimpton; Recording Sec. Gilman F. Allen.

Waltham, see under Watertown.

Warren, see under Brookfield.

Watertown. Historical Society of Watertown. O. 1888. I. 1891. M. about
50. Five each year. Pres. Dr. Bennett F. Davenport; Sec. Alberto F.
Haynes, 8 Marshall St.; Treas. Charles F. Mason.

Original town of Watertown, covering present towns of Watertown, Weston, Waltham

and Belmont.

West Bridgewater, see under Bridgewater.
V/est Brookfield, see under Brookfield.

West Newbury. West Newbury Natural History Club. O. 1876 as West

Newbury Botanical Club. Name changed 1882. I. 1901. M. about 40.

Meetings irregular. Pres. George E. Noyes; Sec. William Merrill; Treas.

Miss Marion H. Warren.
Incorporated "for the purpose of promoting the knowledge of natural science and local
history."

See also under Newburyport.

West Springfield. Ramapogue Historical Societv. O. 1903. I. 1903. M.
about 150. Annual. Pres. Ethan Brooks; Sec. Mrs. Howard K. Regal,
181 Park Ave.; Treas. Robert D. White.

Westborough. Westborough Historical Society. O. 1SS9. I. 18S9. M. 142.
Six each year. Pres. S. Ingersoll Briant; Sec. Mrs. Abby K. Harvey. o2
West Mam St.; Treas. Dr. G. B. Gibson.

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 95

Westfield. Western Hampden Historical Society. 0. 1901. M. not given.
Annual. Pres. Hon. Milton B. Whitney; Sec. Louis M. Dewey, 279 Elm
St.; Treas. Edwin L. Sanford.

Westford, see under Groton.

Weston, see under Watertown.

Westport, see under New Bedford.

Weymouth. Weymouth Historical Society. O. 1879. I. 1886. M. not
given. Monthly, Aug. to May. Pres. John J. Loud; Sec. Rev. William
Hyde; Treas. Francis H. Cowing.

"Publications," no. 1-3, 18S 1-1905.

Winchester.

Winchester Historical and Genealogical Society. O. 1884. Issued "Winchester record"
vol. 1-3, 1SS5-87. Inactive for a number of years.

Woburn. Rumford Historical Association. O. 1S77. I. 1S77. M. 194.

Annual. Pres. Hon. Edward F. Johnson; Sec. Andrew R. Linscott; Treas.

Samuel A. Thompson.
Organized to secure and hold the birthplace of Count Rumford, and to maintain a
library, museum and reading room.

Worcester. Worcester Society of Antiquity. O. 1875. I. 1877. M. about
300. Monthly, except Aug. Pres. Mander A. Maynard; Sec. Walter
Davidson; Treas. Frank E. Williamson.

"Collections," vol. 1-15, 1881-97; "Bulletin" no. 1-14, 1897-99; Proceedings, vol. 16-23,

1898-1908.

There was an earlier Worcester County Historical Society, I. 1831 which lived only 5 or

6 years.

Yarmouth.

Cape Cod Historical Society. O. 1882. I. 1883. M. not given. Xo meeting since 1006.
Pres. Frederick C. Swift; Sec. Charles W. Swift; Treas. Samuel Snow, Brockton.

CONDITIONS IN THE COUNTIES

Barnstable County. 15 towns, of which 3 have societies. There is no county
society. The Cape Cod Historical Society, Yarmouth (now inactive) may
have attempetd to cover the field. This territory, however, is within that
belonging to the Old Colony Historical Society, Taunton, the Pilgrim
Society, Plymouth, and the Society of Mayflower Descendants. Boston,
the last named in particular, collecting and publishing much in the way
of local records. The Cape Cod Pilgrim Memorial Society, Province-
town, is also virtually a county organization.

Berkshire County. 32 cities and towns, of which 2 have societies. The Berk-
shire Historical and Scientific Society, Pittsfield. is the county society.

Bristol County. 20 cities and towns, of which 3 have societies. Xo county
society. The Old Colony Historical Society, Taunton, includes all south-
eastern Mass. as its field, and the Society of Mayflower Descendants,

96 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Boston, collects and publishes material on the county. The Old Dart-
mouth Historical Society, New Bedford, covers a group of towns.

Dukes County. 7 towns. No historical society, local or general.

Essex County. 34 cities and towns, of which 16 have societies. Essex Insti-
tute, Salem, is the county society.- The Old Planters Society, Salem, is
also particularly interested in this county. Gloucester and Newbury-
port have societies covering groups of towns.

Franklin County. 26 towns, of which 5 have societies. Xo county society
in the strict sense, but the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deer-
field has largely assumed the function of one, while this territory is also
included in that covered by the Connecticut Valley Historical'Society,
Springfield.

Hampden County. 23 cities and towns, of which 5 have societie's. Xo countv
society but the Connecticut Valley Historical Society, Springfield, is spec-
ially interested in this county. The Western Hampden Historical Society,
Westfield, is concerned with that portion of the county.

Hampshire County. 23 cities and towns, of which 2 have societies. Xo county
society, but this county also is in the region covered by the Connecticut
Valley Historical Society.

Middlesex County. 54 cities and towns, of which 19 have societies. Xo county
society. Groton and Watertown have societies covering groups of
towns.

Nantucket County. Only one town in this county, so the Nantucket Historical
Association is both general and local.

Norfolk County. 29 cities and towns, of which 15 have societies. Xo county
society.

Plymouth County. 27 cities and towns, of which 2 have societies. Xo county
society. The Pilgrim Society, Plymouth, and Old Colony Historical
Society, Taunton, include it in their field; and the Society of Mayflower
Descendants, Boston, is collecting and publishing much in the line of local
records. The Old Bridgewater Historical Society, Bridgewater, covers a
group of towns.

Suffolk County. 4 cities and towns, of which 1 (Boston) has a number of
historical societies. Xo county society. The Old Planters Society. Salem,
covers this region, also.

Worcester County, 59 cities and towns, of which 12 have societies. The
county society is the Worcester Society of Antiquity. The Systematic
History Fund (F. P. Rice, trustee) of Worcester, though not a society, is
publishing much in the line of local records in this county. Brookfield,
Mendon and Southbridge have societies covering groups of towns.

.^-v

HISTORICAL SOCIETIES 97

GENERAL OR STATE SOCIETIES IN MASSACHUSETTS

Though hardly within the scope of this paper, it may not be uninteresting
to mention briefly certain important general historical societies in the state.

American Antiquarian Society, Worcester. O. 1812. I. 1812. Two meetings

a year.
Antiquities of the country at large, with special attention to history of Mass.

Bay State Historical League. O. 1903. Pres. Will C. Eddy, Medford; Sec.

John F. Ayer, Somerville; Treas. Howard M. Xewhall, Lynn.
A league of the local historical societies of the state, at present including 34 such
societies, largely in Essex and Middlesex counties. Meetings twice a year. Has issued
3 "Publications," 1903-OS, no. Ill containing lists of papers read before each society,
1902-07.

Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Boston. O. 1S92. I. 1892. Six meetings

each year.
Colonial history, especially that of the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies.

Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston. 0. 1791. I. 1794. Meetings

monthly -f-.
Resident membership limited to 100, with additional Honorary and Corresponding mem-
bers. For a number of years it has deyoted most of its energies in the line of publication
to selections from its own extensive and valuable manuscript collections.

Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, Boston. I. 1S91. Meetings

monthly Nov. to Apr.
Military history and especially that of the Civil war period.

New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston. O. 1S44. I. 1845.

Meetings monthly, Oct. to May.
Genealogy, biography and local history of Xew England, especially Mass.

Prince Society, Boston. O. 1S58. I. 1874. Meetings annually.
Publications of rare works in print or manuscript relating to early America.

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SOME ARTICLES CONCERNING MASSACHU
SETTS IN RECENT MAGAZINES

By Charles A. Flagg

General. Report of the D. A. R. com-
mittee on patriotic education — Massa-
chusetts. (American monthlv maga-
zine, Jan., 1909. v. 34. p. 91-93).

Bedford. Bedford intentions of marriage.

Communicated by C. W. Jenks. (Xew

England historical and genealogical

174S-17<6; supplementing "Vital records of

Bedford to the year 1S50," 1903.

Boston. Boston — why it is and what?
Bv M. A. DeWolfe' Howe. (Harper's
weeklv, Nov. 21, 1S0S. v. 52, no. 2709,
p. 8-11).

Boston's government. The pro-
posed Boston charter. (The Outlook, 27
Feb., 1909. v. 91, p. 418-420.)

Modern Boston as contrasted with

New York. (Harper's monthlv maga-
zine, Jan. 1909. v. US, p. 317-320).

Old South Chapter, D. A. R.. Bos-
ton. By Sarah R. Sturgis, historian.
(American monthlv magazine. Mar.,
1909. v. 34. p. 283-284).

The playgrounds of greater Boston.

By Mrs. Kate S. Bingham. (Xew Eng-
land magazine, Apr., 1909. v. 39, p.
18.5-192).

■ Social Boston, past and present.

Bv Julia Ward Howe. ( Harper's bazaar,
Feb., 1909. v. 43, p. 105-110).

Bristol County. Abstracts from the first
book of Bristol County probate records.
Copied by Mrs. Lucy H. Greenlaw.
(Xew England historical and genealo-
gical register, Jan., 1909. v. 63, p. 77-
84).

Part 6; first three instalments appeared in
Genealogical advertiser. Dec., 190()-Dec.. 1901, and
the 4th-oth in the Register, July-Oct., 1908.

Brockton. Deborah Sampson chapter,
D. A. R., Brockton. By Mary E. Charles,
historian. (American monthlv maga-
zine, Apr., 1909. v. 34, p. 389-390;. '

Brookfield. Great fights in early Xew
England history. By H. A. Bruce. II.
The siege of Brookfield. (Xew England
magazine, Mar., 1909. v. 40. p. 31-37;.

Essex County. Domestic animals in
the earlv davs. (Essex antiquarian,
Apr., 1909. v. 13, p. 49-55).

Essex Countv notarial records,

1697-1768. (Essex Institute. Histori-
cal collections, Jan. -Apr., 1909. v. 45,
p. 90-96, 130-136).

Parts 10 and 11 (1722-1*32); series began Apr.,
1905. v. 41, p. 1S3.

Xewspaper items relating to Essex

County. (Essex Institute. Historical

collections. Apr., 1909. v. 4.5. p. 157-160).

Part 6 (175Sj; series began Apr., 19o6. v. 42,

p. 214.

Salem court records and files. (Es-
sex antiquarian. Jan.-Apr., 1909. v. 13,
p. 28-34, 88-93).
Parts 29 and 30 (,1653-1660) ; series began June,

1S99. v. 3, p. 81.

Suffolk County deeds, v. VII and

VIII. (Essex antiquarian. Jan.-Apr.,
1909. v. 13, p. 41-42, 83-85).

Abstracts of all records in "Suffolk deeds" libri
VII and VIII, 1S94-1896, relating to Essex County.

Parts 6-7; series began with liber I in July. 1905.
v. 9. p. 97.

Framingham. The Framingham of today.
Bv Thomas Fen wick. (Xew England
magazine. Feb., 1909. v. 39, p. 730-753).

Hull. An old fashioned day at Xantas-
ket. Bv Isabel A. Dame.' (Xew Eng-
land magazine, Apr.. 1909. v. 39. p. 159-
161).

Ipswich. Ipswich inscriptions
1800. Ancient burying ground
antiquarian. Jan.-Apr.. 1909.
p. 1-24, 58-80).

Xotable American homes. By Barr

Ferree. The house of C. P. Searle at
Ipswich. (American homes and gardens,
Feb., 1909. v. 6. p. 4.5-49; .

before
• Essex

v. 13,

100

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Leominster. Leominster's lesson to the
growing cities of Mass. By F. H. Pope.
(New England magazine, Feb., 1909.
v. 39, p. 709-721).

Lexixgtox. How the news of the battle
of Lexington reached England. By
E. L. Waitt. (Xew England magazine.
Mar. 1909. v. 40, p. 92-97).

Marlborough. Colonial records of Marl-
borough. Copied by Mary E. Spalding
and communicated by F. P. Rice. (Xew
England historical and genealogical
register, Jan.. 1909. v. 43, p. 59-67).
Part 3 (1663-1664;; series began July, 190S.

v. 62, p. 220.

Martha's Vineyard. Martha's Vine-
yard, the gem of the Xorth Atlantic.
By Capt. G. W. Eldridge. (Xew Eng-
land magazine, Apr., 1909. v. 39, p. 162-
179).

Medford. Medford advertising in 1776.
(Medford historical register, Jan., 1909.
v. 12, p. 22-24).

— One of Medford's historic houses:

Jonathan Watson's. Some old Medford
fish stories. From the Caleb Swan MSS.
(Medford historical register, Jan., 1909.
v. 12, p. 20-21).

Wood's dam and the mill bevond

the Mystic. By M. W. Mann. (Med-
ford historical register, Jan., 1909. v. 12,
p. 13-20).

Middleborough. Xemasket chapter. D.
A. R-. Report by Charlotte E. Ellis,
historian. (American monthlv maga-
zine, Jan., 1909. v. 34, p. 41-43).

Nantasket, see Hull.

Pepperell. Prudence Wright chapter,
D. A. R. Report by Lucy B. Page.
(American monthlv magazine, Jan.,
1909. v. 34, p. 43-49).

Prudence Wright chapter. D. A. R.

Erection of marker -in Old burying
ground to Prudence Wright. By An-
netta S. Merrill. (American monthly

magazine. Mar.. 1909. v. 34, p. 284-

288).

Rutland. Rutland — the cradle of Ohio.
A little journey to the home of Rufu>
Putnam. By E. O. Randall. (Ohio
archaeological and historical quarterlv,
Jan., 1909. v. 18, p. .54-78).

Salem. The new Salem; remarkable evo-
lution of the historic Mass. city from Puri-
tanism to progressiveness. By Thomas
Fenwick. (Xew England magazine,
Mar., 1909. v. 40. p. 47-57).

Old Salem ships and sailors. Bv

R. D. Paine. Parts VI I-X IV. (Outing
magazine, Aug. -Dec, 1908. Jan.-FeS.
and Apr.. 1909. v. 52, p. 607-615. 74:5-
751; v. 53, p. 97-103, 226-234, 291-300,
413-425, 559-570; v. 54, p. 104-1 12

Contents:— VII. The first American voyager*
to Japan. — VIII. The famous clipper privateers of
1X12. — IX. The voyages of Nathaniel Siisbee — ■
X. The last pirates of the Spanish Main. — XI.
The first Yankee ship at Guam. — XII. How Sur.i-a
pirates took the "'Friendship."— XIII. Adver.-.ur-
ing among the Fijis. — XIV. A port of vanished
fleets.

Series began in" Jan.. 1908. v. .51, p. 3S5.

Revolutionary letters written to

Colonel Timothy Pickering. (Essex
Institute. Historical collections. Apr.,
1909. v. 45, p. 119-129).

Part o; series began in Oct., 1906. v. 42. p. 313.

Salem in 1700, nos. 34 and 35. By

Sidney Perlev. (Essex antiquarian.
Jan.-Apr.. 1909. v. 13, p. 35-37. 80-82 .

Series began in Nov., 1S9S; each number has a
plan showing old streets and boundary lines o: estates.

Twenty-five largest ships registered

in Salem. Compiled from Salem ship
registers, 1789-1900. (Essex Institute.
Historical collections, Apr., 1909. v. 45,
p. 204).

Scituate. Chief Justice Cushing chapter,
D. A. R. Scituate. (American monthly
magazine. Mar.. 1909. v. 34. p. 280-282).

Shirley. Old Shirlev chapter. D. A. R.
Shirley. By Abbie'j- Wells, ^American
monthlv magazine, Apr.. 1909. v. 34,
p. 390-391).

JDcpartmtiit of thyVmsriranBiDolutinn

17 75-175

Frank A.Gardner.M. D.E

State Sloop* Freedom.

The House of Representatives, in Feb-
ruary 1776, authorized the construction of
five war vessels for the State and two of
them, the "Freedom'" and "Republic"
■were built at Swanzey. The folio wing offi-
cers served on the "Freedom's'" rirst cruise:

Captain. John Clouston.

First Lieutenant. James Scott.

Second Lieutenant. Timothy Tobey.

Master, David Bowers. Jun.

Surgeon, Daniel Parker.

Surgeon's Mate. Nathaniel Cook.

The full complement of the vessel con- *
listed of twelve other oir.cers and seventy
men and boys.

CAPTAIN JOHN CLOUSTOXwas of

Scotch descent. He married about 1760,
Hannah Bowers, daughter of Colonel
George and Ah •'gal'- Fisher Bowers, and
went to live in a house which is still stand-
ing on the "Old Bristol Roade " just be-
low the Taunton line towards Dighton.

FIRST LIEUTEXAXTJAMES SCOTT
was engaged to serve in that rank on the
** Freedom," July S, 1776.

SFXOND LIEUTENANT TIMOTHY
TOBEY was engaged to serve as an officer

on the '"Freedom.'" June 22. 1776.

MASTER DAVID BOWERS JUN.
was engaged to serve on this vessel June
-22, 1776.

SURGEON DANIEL' PARKER was
engaged June 18. 1776. His commission
was dated Sept 10. 1776.

SURGEON'S MATE. NATHANIEL
COOK was chosen to that rank in Colonel

'Afterwar :s i kteic

mgantine.

Jacob Young's Regiment, stationed
Winter H'.'. January 23. 1776. H- was
engaged for service on the "Freed
June IS, 1776.

The following document relative t:
fitting out of this vessel is of interest

"Boston, September 1, 1776.
To Carpenter's Stores for the SI [
Freedom.

To 100 feet of oak Plank. 2 inch.

To 200 fee: 2-inch pine Plank.

To 60 feet 4-inch Plank, oak.

To 50 weight Spikes. G inc - i :ng.

To 2S pounds Deck Nails.

To 1000 Drawing Nails.

To 1000 Shingle Nails.

To 1000 Clap-Board Nai'.s.

To 10 pounds Pump Leather.

To 2000 Pump Nails.

To Jack Plane.

To one Smoothing Plane.

To 100 feet pine Boards.

To 2 hhds Rum.

To 2 bolts Duck.

To 1 Iron Tiller.

Watersail and Ringsale, and GarTtop-
sail, and Topmast Steeringsafl from the)
Brig at Plymouth.

To 4 double blocks, Iron Pins .&: Brass
Cogs.

To sundry Hooks and Thimbles and
Boks for deck and ring.

To 1 yawl 17 feet : 1 Iron hearth at
the Brig at Plymouth.

To 2 tons of bn ken Cann c u f or bal

To 1 Anchor, about 200 pounds weight
for Hawser of 6 inches.

To 1 Iron grappling aboard the Br.;."

102

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

"For Sloop Freedom
100 double-headed Shot at Plymouth.

10 6-pound Cannon and Carriages at do.

11 Swivel Guns and 1 Cohorn.
The Brig's Spritsail Topsails.
30 Hammocks.

•2 bolts Duck.
2 Studding-sails.
2 barrels Powder.

Captain John Clouston."

" Return of Officers on board the Armed
Sloop called the Freedom, whereof John
Clouston is Commander.

John Clouston. Captain.
James Scott, First Lieutenant.
Timothy Tobey, Second Lieutenant.
In Council September 4." 1776

Read and Ordered that the above Offi-
cers be commissioned agreeable to their
respective ranks.
Samuel Adams, Secretary."

Richard Devens delivered to Captain
John Clouston's order,

"Seven Cannon of 6-pound each, £50 £350
To Shell upwards of twenty tons at £20 per

ton 400

To three ton Grape Shell £100 300

To freight and Iron, one ton 20

To 630 Pots 5s 157 10

To two tons of Shot to Closton. at £30 per

ton 60

To carting 13 guns to Taunt n 10s per
Williams and Closton

6 10

Other stores were delivered to the "Free-
dom" September 19, 1776.

" State of Massachusetts-Bay to John
Clouston, Commander of the Sloop Free-
dom, in the service of said State.

You are hereby directed and commanded
to repair, with the vessel under your com-
mand, to the harbour of Boston, in com-
pany with the sloop Republick, com-
manded by Captain John Foster Williams,
now in Dartmouth, and there to wait for
the further orders of the Council.

By order of a major part of the Council,
the 4th of September, 1776.

Samuel Adams, Secretary."

The following letter explains itself;

" Captain John Clouston;

The sloop Freedom, under your com-
mand, being in all respects equipped in
warlike manner, and being also well and
properly manned, so as to enable you to
proceed on a cruise, you therefore are di-
rected to range the eastern shore of this
State laying between the River Piscata-
qua and Machias, in order to clear that
coast of any of the enemy's cruisers that
may be infesting the same, and from thence
proceed to the mouth of the River St.
Lawrence, and there cruise until the first
of November in order to intercept any of
the enemy's vessels that may be passing
that way, and from thence you must pro-
ceed to the coast of Newfoundland, and
there cruise until the middle of November
aforesaid, in order to surprise and seize
such vessels of the enemy as you meet
upon that coast, or in any of the harbours
of the same, after which you may pro-
ceed upon a cruise as far southward as
latitude 3S° north, and continue upon
cruise so long as you find it practicable or
expedient; and then you are to return
to the harbour of Boston, always
using every necessary precaution to pre-
vent the sloop under your command from.
falling into the hands of the enemy. You
are to observe and follow such orders and
directions as you shall from time to time
receive from Captain Daniel Souther, pro-
vided they are consistent with the instruc-
tions now given -you. And whereas you
have received a commission by force of
arms to attack, seize, and take on the high
seas, all ships and other vessels belonging
to the inhabitants of Great Britain or oth-
ers infesting the sea-coast of this Conti-
nent, you are therefore punctually to fol-
low the instructions already delivered you

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

103

for regulating your conduct in this matter,
and in all things conduct yourself consis-
tent with the trust reposed in you.
In Council, September 20, 1776.
In the name and by order of Council,
John Avery, Deputy Secretary."

" In Council, October 1, 1776.

Whereas Captain John Foster Williams
of the sloop Republick and Captain John
Clouston of the Sloop Freedom, both be-
longing to this State, are in want of some
iron ballast that they may immediately
proceed on their intended cruise; therefore
the Committee for fortifying the Harbour
of Boston be, and they are hereby directed
to deliver the said Williams and Clouston,
out of the row galley lying in Boston
harbour, so much iron ballast, as they may
stand in need of at this time for their sev-
eral sloops."

"State of MASSACHUSETTS-BAY to
Benjamin Austin, Dr. 1776, September 28.
— To cash paid Captain John Clouston of
the sloop Freedom, for one month's ad-
vance wages to the men on board the said
Sloop at 40s each £14.
Errours excepted

Benj'n Austin.
In council, October 3, 1776.

Read and allowed, and ordered, That a
warrant be drawn on the Treasury for £14,
in full of the above acccount.

John Avery, Deputy Secretary.
Boston, 28 September, 1776.

Received of Benjamin Austin, Esquire,
fourteen pounds being so much he paid me
for one months advance wages to seven
men inlisted on board the sloop Freedom,
belonging to this State.

£14. Captain- John Clouston."

The "Freedom" cruised in October and
November and one of the vessels taken by
her was the ship "La Soye Planter" which
was recaptured before making an Ameri-
can port.

This cruise was interrupted as the fol
ing resolves will explain:

"Whereas the armed Sloop Freedom,
Captain John Clouston, belonging to
state, has had the misfortune to have her
mast split, and is thereby disabled from
continuing on her cruise, and is now in
the harbour of Plymouth; and wherea- it
will be much for the advantage of I .is
State that the said Sloop should be altered
into a Brigantine; and the masts,
and rigging of the Brigantine Rising Em-
pire, belonging to this State, lately con-
demned, and now in said harbour, are
every way suitable for that purpose.

Ordered, that Epkraim Spooner Esq. of
Plymouth, be desired, and is hereby em-
powered, in conjunction with Captain
Clouston, to see that the masts, sails and
rigging belonging to the Brigantine Ris-
ing Empire, be taken out of her, and
forthwith applied to equip the said sloop
as a Brigantine, that she may be able, as
soon as possible, to proceed on her cruise."
Passed October 9, 1776.

"Whereas this Court on the 9th instant
appointed Ephraim Spooner Esq.. in con-
nection with Captain Clouston. to see that
the masts, sails, and rigging belonging to
the Brigantine Rising Empire be taken out
of her and forthwith applied to equip the
said sloop as a brig: and whereas it appears
to this Court necessary that some person ac-
quainted with building and rigging ves-
sels should be upon the said committee:
Therefore Resolved; that William Drew
Esq., be added to the Committee afore-
said, he to repair forthwith to Plymouth,
and advise and direct in performing said
business." October 14, 1776.

The term of service of the officers ex-
pired in December and none of them re-
turned to serve under Captain Clouston on
the next voyage. We have no further rec-
ord of any service of First Lieutenant
James Scott, Second Lieutenant Timothy

104

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Tobey, Surgeon Daniel Parker, or Surgeon's
Mate Nathaniel Cook. Surgeon Parker
was reported " deserte.i ."

MASTER DAVID BOWERS was sent
on board the ship " La Soye Planter," with
the prize crew and was captured in her by
a British commander. His name appears
in a list of prisoners brought in the first
cartel from Rhode Island, as returned by
John Avers dated Providence January 18,
1777. He was discharged March 2, 1777,
and was reported as sick with small pox to
that date.

The following rather ambiguous note is
found in some miscellaneous records of the
Council :

"Voted that Capt. Clouston of Brig
Freedom be fitted for sea."

It will be noticed that this vessel, which
up to this time has been a sloop, is now
referred to as " brig" or more correctly as
in nearly all other references, brigantine.
The same change had been made in her rig
as was made in the "Tyrannicide" after
she had been in service awhile.

The ''Freedom'' was officered and
manned for the next cruise as follows;

John Clouston, Captain. Engaged Jan-
uary 2, 1777.

Daniel Adams. First Lieutenant.

John Hooper, Second Lieutenant.

John Proctor, Master. .

John Haven. Surgeon.

Edward Carrell, Surgeon's Mate.

FIRST LIEUTENANT DANIEL
ADAMS (called also in the records"David.''
by mistake) served first as First Lieutenant
of the State brigantine "'Independence"
under Captain Simeon Samson, his com-
mission bearing date of September 19,
1776. He was engaged to serve on the
"Freedom" January 20. 1777, and his com-
mission was altered to allow him to serve
on her, February 18, 1777.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOHN
HOOPER held that rank first under Cap-

tain William Cole in the privateer schooner
"True Blue." August 20, 1770. He
shipped on the " Freedom" February 4,
1777, and was commissioned February 19th.
MASTER JOHN PROCTOR was en-
gaged to serve on the "Freedom" February
4, 1777.

SURGEON JOHN HAVEN was com-
missioned January 14, 1777, to serve as
Surgeon of the State brigantine " Massa-
chusetts "under Capt. Williams. February
14th he was engaged to hold the same
office on the " Freedom " and his commis-
sion was altered accordingly on the ISth.
SURGEON'S SECOND MATE ED-
WARD CARRELL was engaged February
4, 1777. In addition were 17 other officers,
57 men, 11 boys and 16 French men.

Sailing orders were issued to Captain
Clouston in February and we know from
the following bills that he went to France.
One of the bills rendered by Morris Pliarne.
Penet & Co., tor ship supplies including
medicines and surgical instruments, and
money for the pay roll, amounted to
£2149.05 :0S. This was made out to June
9th. A supplementary bill including
items " omitted in J. Gruel & Co. 's Gen-
eral Account of Disbursements dated the
6th June. 1777" included the following in-
teresting items:

"31 Cuttlafses (a 4:10 139:10: .

31 belts for do @ 2:00 62: : .

4 Pairs of fhip pistols a 10: 10 42 : . .

Errors excepted,
sion a 5 p Ct

Commif-

243:10

Nantes 23d September 177S 255:13: 6.

Penet DaCosta freres &

Co."
"Omitted in ye General Acct

of 6 May last Vizt
To the Butcher for 230 lb

fresh meat at22 pr Ct 50.12:

Commision at 5 p. Ct 2.10:07

53:02:0"
Errors excepted

Nantes 11 May 177S
Penet DaCosta freres cV Co.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 105

Among the captures made on this cruise
was the brigantine "Penelope," and the
"William and Ann."

Master John Proctor, Surgeon John
Haven and Surgeon's Mate Edward Car-
rell left the " Freedom " at the end of this
cruise and we can find no further record of
service.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOHN
HOOPER was evidently put on the "Wil-
liam and Ann" with a prize crew and was
captured. He was paid to January 23,
1778, the time when his captivity ended.
He was commissioned on the 12th of the
following September, First Lieutenant of
the privateer ship " Pilgrim" of Salem,
Captain Hugh Hill, commander.

Captain John Clouston and First Lieu-
tenant Daniel Adams re-engaged for the
fall cruise of 1777. The following is a full
list of the officers;

John Clouston, Captain.

Daniel Adams, First Lieutenant.

Thomas Doten, Second Lieutenant.

Caleb Dyer, Master

Jacob Bacon, Surgeon.

John Samuel Phillips, Surgeon's Mate.

Second Lieutenant Thomas Doten was
engaged July 23d; Master Caleb Dyer was
engaged August 25th; Surgeon Jacob Ba-
con, September 4th; and Surgeon's Mate
John Samuel Phillips August 1st. We have
no record that any of them had previous-
ly seen service in an armed vessel.

The "Freedom" was captured some time
in September or October, 1777. Negotia-
tions were entered into in October 1777,
to effect an exchange of prisoners.

CAPTAIN JOHN CLOUSTON 'S name
appears on a list of prisoners to be ex-
changed, said list bearing date of February
24, 1778. He was exchanged for Captain
William Roome of the ship "Maesgwin,"
and the Surgeon of the "Freedom"
SURGEON JACOB BACON was exchanged
for the Surgeon of the "Maesgwin," Dr.

Joseph Mills. Captain Clouston lai
at Bristol March 7, 1778. Neither •
tain Clouston or Surgeon Bacon have
further records on board armed vessels.

FIRST LIEUTENANT DANIEL
ADAMS was exchanged for Richard
Emmes, mate of the "Maesgwin." Lieu-
tenant Adams was commissioned April
22, 1782, commander of the sloop "Live-
ly," and a petition dated November ISth
of the same year asked that he might be
commissioned commander of still another
vessel.

SECOND LIEUTENANT DOTEN later
commanded the ship " Russell" from Sa-
lem for Hispaniola, and was captured on
the outward passage by the Halifax
Packet and carried into New York. His
exchange was advised in the Council, Jan-
uary 30, 17S3.

MASTER CALEB DYER had wages
allowed him to November 30, 177$. He
was reported "detained in New York."
December 5, 1778, he was engaged as
Master of the sloop "Republic" in which
he served until January 12, 1779. No
further record of Surgeon's Mate Phillips
is given.

"The Struggle for American Independence."

The last word in the Genesis of the Revo-
lutionary War has not been spoken. Every
teacher of the history of that period seems
to find some new light or make some new
interpretation. Professor Channing of
Harvard is engaged upon a monumental
work which will cover the whole field of
American history. Every year brings
some fresh volumes. The last that has
caught our eye is Sidney George Fisher's
"The Struggle for American Indepen-
dence."

In presenting this work the author has
performed a distinct service to the student
of the formative era of the American na-

106

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

tion. His contention that the final out-
break was simply the logical culmination
of an evolutionary movement which started
in very early colonial times, is ably borne
out. He proves how England dreaded to
use any oppressive measures so long as
France held Canada on our north, but
having conquered the French there the
repression of the colonists was considered
an easier matter. Our ancestors having
had greater freedom than any other British
colonies had ever enjoyed either before
or since, would not be restricted. The
stamp act fanned the flame but the fire
had been smouldering and growing hotter
for generations.

The following paragraphs from his able
and exhaustive review of the loyalists are
characteristic :

"The fatal defect in the loyalist position
was its unnaturalness. They gave their
devotion not to the land they lived in,
and the government and social system
that would naturally grow from that soil.
They loved and worshipped a country
and a government three thousand miles
away. They had vaguely magnificent
ideas that the colonists should support
and encourage the superiortiy of England,
join her in vast schemes of conquest, and
reap some enormous reward in the plunder
of inferior peoples in Asia, Africa, and
India. The desire of the patriot party to
own America as their own country was,
the loyalists said a mere 'sentiment of self
importance,' too ridiculous to be mentioned
in the presence of the power and splendor
of Great Britain." All the loyalist writ-
ings and arguments are filled with this
awe-struck admiration for the wonderful
British constitution and the glorious
British empire. Such devotion to a dis-
tant excellence, is both political and spirit-

ual degeneration. In the long run nothing
but contempt awaits the men who will not
stand by their own, who weakly wish to
be ruled by a foreign power for the sake of
what they suppose to be a superior refine-
ment or civilization." . . . "At the time of
the Revolution a large part of the lower
classes of our people were more or le
the loyalist side, because of the habit of
dependence on England, fear of change
or lack of conviction of any material ad-
vantage in Americanism. As William
Wirt long ago pointed out in his 'Life of
Patrick Henry,' the Revolution originated
among the upper classes of Americans,
among rich planters, merchants and law-
yers, who led the masses into the move-
ment often very much against their will.

The whole fabric and foundation of the
Revolution, those long years of argumen-
tation from 1764 to 1775, that basis of con-
stitutional and legal reasoning, that appli-
cation of the Reformation doctrines of the
rights of man, could never have been
wrought out in their perfection and finally
expressed in effective language and drafted
into state constitutions and governmental
documents except by men of the highest
education and training. Xo ignorant or
untrained man, no upstart or mere popular
demagogue can be found among the great
leaders of the patriot party. It was the
work of a Hamilton, a Jefferson, a Dickin-
son, the Adamses, the Lees, and the Rut-
ledges, a Bland, a Mason, a Drayton, a
Cushing, or a Laurens."

The author is to be especially commended
for the careful and painstaking way in
which he has cited authorities and given
references in the footnotes. The work is
certainly a valuable one for all students
of American history.

2v: octavo, J. B. Lippincott Company,
Philadelphia.

101

(Sritm^m $c (Somtnntt

on ^aofytf mtfo c^tliec ^ubjechs

Historical Pageants.

We are pleased to^announce that the
movement in favor of the presentation
this summer of a series of historical pa-
geants, is being worked out by an able and
efficient committee made up of representa-
tives of the Copley Society, the state normal
schools and the patriotic societies.

Some of the events which they expect
to represent are the following:

1. The Indian home life and arrival of
Norse Viking at "Vinland the Good" in-
troducing Lief the Lucky.

2. A Pilgrim Sabbath service, intro-
ducing the Pilgrim characters.

3. The election at Cambridge in 1637
when Winthrop was elected over Vane.

4. The attack on Hadley. Introduc-
ing Phillip and GofTe the regicide.

5. The court of King George III, when
he sent Gen. Gage, Lord Howe, Clinton,
Andre, etc. to subdue Boston.

6. The impeachment of Chief Justice
Oliver, introducing the Adamses, Otis,
Paine, Cushing, Governor Hutchinson
and prominent Tories.

7. The establishment of the Common-
wealth and the inauguration of John Han-
cock.

S. Western migration at Rutland.

0. Visit of Lafayette in 1824, intro-
ducing Webster, Everett, Quincy, etc.

10. Return of battle flags to Governor
Andrew and presentation of the key of
Libby prison to Whittier, introducing
anti-slaverv leaders. F. A. G.

Ancestors of Benjamin Clemens Witherell.

The following letter has been received
at the office of the Massachusetts Magazine

and in reply we give the appended list of
names and dates from the records.
"Dear Sir:

Will you kindly inform me if you
have any data or information in regard
to the Witherell and Clemens Families of
early Salem. They were there as early as
1715. I have been trying to trace the
ancestors of Benjamin Clemens Witherell.
I do not rind them in the Norton Wither-
ells, descended from William Witherell
1643, the first settler. They may be
among the Salem families of that name
I should deem it a favor if you could throw
any light on the matter for me."

Salem Town Records.

Clemons. Births; Samuel 1687. William
16S9, John 1690, Benjamin 1792. Mar-
riages; Samuel 1709, John 1712, Philip
1725, Samuel 1739, Martha 1742, Samuel
1750. No Clemens deaths recorded before
ISIS.

Witherell. Births; William 1716, Joshua
1717-S, Samuel 1721. Marriages; Joshua
1715, Joshua 1739. No other Witherells
before 1750.

Essex County Probate Records.

Clemens.

Abraham, Salisbury. Administration

and Bond. l" 1 ^

Fawn, Newbury. Will and Probate. 1740.
Job, Haverhill.' Will. 1733.

John, Haverhill. Bond etc. 1693.

John, Beverly. Administration and

Bond. 175 °-

Joseph, Haverhill. Guardianship and

Bond. 1736 -

Marv, Salem. Will and Probate. 1741.

108

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Nathaniel, Haverhill. Inventory. 1690.

Robert, Haverhill. Will and Inven-
tory (on file). 1658.

Timothy, Beverly. Administration

and Bond. 1731.

Wither ell.

Susannah (Spinster,) Marblehead. 1772

No other Witherells from 163S to 1S40.

Essex County Registry of Deeds.
demons, Clemens, etc., etc. Grantees
Abraham, 1693-6.
Anna (ux Timothy,) 1729.
Benjamin, 1745-1793.
Edward, 1720.
Elizabeth, 1694-1720.
Fawne, 1694-1732.
Hannah, 1760-5.
Jacob, 1754-1795.

Jeremiah, 1716.
Job, 1703-1736.

John, 1654- 179.X.
Jonathan, 1719-1765.
Joseph, 1733-1798.
Mary (alias Osgood), L695-
Mary (ux Joseph), 1750.
Mehetable, 1736.
Moses, 1738-1787.
Nathaniel, 1731-1760.
Robert, 1694-1742.
Ruth (ux Samuel), 1709.
Samuel, 1689-1798.
Sarah, 1777-8.
Stephen, 1788-92.
Timothy, 1721-1757.
William, 1661.
No Witherell records given,

F. A. G.

101 - •■•

(Continued from Vol. 1. No. 4.)

PERSONAL DIARY OF ASHLEY BOWEN OF

MARBLEHEAD.*

Memoranday of Coullax 1772

May ye 15 R H s g Brig Nancy

£0.6.8

Ditto

0.5.4

June y 22 R H s g Schooner Nancy

0.5.4

Septem R H s g 2 p pack 8

0.2.8

Decern 12 Brig Nancy

0.6.0

1.6.0
XI.

Memorandam for a Schooner for Capt Philip Digings

Main mast 57 feet 7 ha 9 ha

fore mast 53 Ditto 7 D 9 D

bowsprit 37 Ditto

Main Boom 55 Ditto

Main Topmast 25 hist fore 27 D

To 100 fathoms of Shrouding 6

To a Tigh Stay 11 fathoms 7 Inch

To a four Stay S fathoms 6 Inch

To 75 fathoms of 4 Inch

To 100 fathoms of 3 3-4 Inch

To 75 Ditto of 3 1-2 Inch

To 60 Ditto of 3 1-4 Ditto

To 120 Ditto of 3 — D

To 140 Ditto of 2 1-2 D

To 220 of 2 1-4 Inch

To 60 fat of 2

To 3 Coils of 12 Thread Ratline

To 3 Coils 3 yarn Spun

2 of 2

.<^» : ;j:-'

110 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

XII.

(A long list of charges to the town of Marblehead for milk, work on
fences, and burial of the dead. The following persons were buried on the dates
named.)
1773

Aug y e 1 to Buriing M rs Rodger £0.6.0

Ditto y e 5 to Bury Ela Rodger 0.6.0

Ditto y e 9 to buring M rs Cleark 0.6.0

Ditto y e 10 to bury M rs Goold 0.6.0

Ditto y e 11 to burying T Dodd 0.6.0

y e 16 to buring Clearck Child 0.6.0

To Buring Thomas Goold 0.6.0

XIII.

Memorandum of Coll Orne &c New Brig July 1774 —

Main mast 50 feet 6 feet hd
fore mast 44 Ditto 6 ditto
Bowsprit 21 Ditto feet or Stem
M D four Topmast 27 feet 3:6
Four yard 37 X Tay 37 D
Main & four Top yard 27 D
Jibb boom 24 feet
Sprit Sail yard 27 Ditto
Top gall mast 17 Ditto 3 D
Top gall yards IS
Main Boom 44 Ditto

(Diary proper, June, 1773.)

About y e 1 Came in John Wooldread

y e 3 Sailed pitt Packit Leech

y 12 Sailed Wittrong Barbudg

about y 15 Sarah Mathew poisend .

y e 17 the Custom h Boatt Sunk weareby 7 women and 3 men was Drowned

5 women Prenent
19 Sailed adventure Fittel
24 Sailed Brig Gaspy Huntor

DIARY OF ASHLEY BOWEN 111

July

y 3 Saild Ben Boden for Eur

abut y 1 Sarah Hendly brok out with what was Said Poisen

16 Sail Richd Stacey for Europ

17 Said Ben Cally for Europ

the 20 M rs Sarah Shaw broke out

22 Sailed Alex. Rows for Europ

23 Great Tolks of Small Pox in Town

the 24 M rs Mary Bowen Removed Sarah Goold Sarah Reef Rodge Ann Rodge
Wido Marcy Brinto M rs Cheambers M rs Dodd all tacon Small Pox at
the Same time and many more much Suspected to have it

the 28 Died M rs Sarah Shaw Ag 79

y 31 Son Nathan Sent to his mother

August

y e 1 Dd Sarah Reef Rodger SO

y 5 Dd Elishaw Rodgers 4 m

y 7 Dd Elisebth Arbucal fery

y 8 Dd Hannah Loveas fery

y 9 Dd M rs Cleark at y e Almshous

y 10 Dd Mrs Goold at y e Almshous

y 11 Dd Tho Dodd at y e Almshous

y 11 Dd Persiler Adley a ferry

y 16 a child of Clearks at Aim . .

y 16 Dd Thorn Goold at Almho

y 22 Dd M rs Wodden at ferry

y 23 Dd Mrs Savage at ferry

y 25 my wife Returned home

y 27 Come in g Brews a boy Dd

y 31 a child of John Adams Dd ferry

11 Saild Stephen Bleano in Brigg
y 20 Sailed Brig Woodbridg Poatt
arived Wittron from St Martins

28 Saild Tho m Coller for Europe

September 1773

y 1 Dd M rs Abbott & Child at ferry
y 11 Dd M 13 Stone at fery

112 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

y 11 Dd Lear a bacor at fery
y 12 Dd Ann mills a fery

13 Dd a child of J Northys
y 14 We hear John Dolly Dd a b
y 21 Dd Richd Mace at fery
y 30 Dd a Child of T Brays at fery

3 Saild Richd Hincley Capt White

4 Saild Capt Corbit W Indies
7 Sailed Ship Volture for Europe
Ditto Will Bleaner West Indies

16 Sailed R James & Wittrone W In

17 Mr John Tucker Drownded

Octob y e 1773
y e 5 Dd M r * Sandy at fery

6 Dd Mary Pitman fery

8 Dd a boy Bacor fery

9 Dd Mary Bacor fery

22 Dd Elis Parsons fery

5 arved Bartlit & Phillyp Coners
15 Saild John Hooper and Burn

23 arived John Stephen

24 Sailed S l Barbe
Ditto J Lee in Brodbay

28 Sailed Brig Tener Woolf Hill for verjenea
arived John Addams Europe

31 Arived St Paull H Gording

November

y 1 Dd a Child fery

2 Arivd Da Lee from Gibberalter

7 Arived Brig Patty Ballistor
y 12 Dd a Girl at Catt Island

25 Thanksgiving day

29 arivd Leech from Europe
y 17 Dd M rs Cruff at fery
y 19 Alee Bray Dd At home
y 21 Dd a Boy Witham a fery
y 22 Joseph Abbitt Two Ser Drownd

DIARY OF ASHLEY BOWEN 113

v 19 Saild George Gording in Snow Gordoq for Europe
19 Saild Jones for Verjinea
21 Sailed Power for Europe

Ditto Dav Lee for Verjenea
24 Arivd Salsbury Roboson

December 1773

y e 1 Dd Benje Eaton Juner at Catt Is
v e 3 Dd Doctor Hump Deverax Do
v 4 Capt Lowel. Lost his Aamus Do
y 14 Dd a Child of W Courts Juner Do

Dd Will Allen at R Island

Dd Thos Dollebar June Dto

Dd a Child John Milzer

Dd a Child Dodd fery

Dd M r ~ Beseunes at home -
11 arived D Dennes W Indies
13 arived Sing dier from W Inds

16 arived Brig Ledia T Coller

and Tuck from W Indies ■

17 arived S Green Ed Lewis and W Tucker all from W Inds
16 Dd John Fowler at fery

18 arivd Capt Ben Calley and Stephen Bleaner from Cadis
21 Dd Mrs Aston fery

21 Arivd Capt John Grnshw

22 Saild Brig Brig Patty Basester

24 Arived Sch Adventure Titte

25 Arived R James "W Indis

29 Saild Sahoone Rappall

30 Saild Jo Bubear for Europe

December 27 1773 a town meeting and voted the Boat Should not land at New
Worf nor Neck Cove but on Peeches point or Read Stone Cove

31 Sam Reeds wife Like to Die at Ospital

1774 '

January
y 3 Sailed Brigg St Paul N Gord and Sloop Chariot J Reed Verjenear
y 5 arived Will Andrews W Indies

114 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

A Proklemation of King Georg ye 3 of England on October ye 7 1703 of
granting Lands to Solders and Semen on the Expedishon Cannaday
y 10 Sarah Broodstreet Come from Catt Island Sick as Shee was
y 11 Sloop Ashley beet of from Xicks Cove obliged to go to Red Stone Cove

with there Pashenjer
y 12 This Evening the Boatt was Burnt at Nick Cove
y 20 Granday Bredin Delap & Cleark Ware Tared and fetherd and hailed to

Salem and Back
y 26 this Night y e Essex Ospital took fier and was Confumed with Barn

Litthous &c
14 Dd Hannah Bleaner
16 Capt Lowel arivd from Catt Island D Jack Disiered him not to Snowball

any Body
21 Sailed Ambros James
Ditto John Gaile wind W X W
Ditto Arivd Absalem Dupee
26 Dd a Child Tomson a fery

29 Dd M r Dorrell s Pox

30 Dd Clem How wife a fery

■

lib

"^ ** 1620--1630 ^ ^"«

Lucie M. Gardner. .A.Q.. Editor.

Settlers About Boston Bay Prior to'i630.

Lit ie M. Gardner.

In tha first number of the Massachusetts
Magazine we considered the early settlers
of the Cape Ann-Salem colony and paid
homage to those noble men who labored
and struggled to lay the foundations of
our beloved Commonwealth.

In this article we present the names of
the men who settled about the shores of
Boston Bay, prior to the coming of G ov.
Winthrop in 1630. The limit of the pion-
eer period is an open question but we will
confine ourselves to those men who were,
to that locality, what Conant, Gardner,
Woodbury. Balch and their associates
were to Cape Ann;-the first to till the soil,
to make new homes and to lay the founda-
tions of that settlement which was to
become Boston.

The casual reader is content to follow
the teaching of several writers of history
who begin the story of Boston with the
arrival of the Winthrop party in 1630, en-
tirely disregarding the pioneer work
which preceded that event. The several
settlements which were made and in turn
abandoned, all contributed their shares
toward founding this great city, and we
naturally desire to know all that we can
about those isolated homes established by
Biackstoneand Maverick in the wilderness.
Captain John Smith and Governor Brad-
ford have left valuable accounts of these
very early days and even the rambling de-
scriptions of- Thomas Morton make a vivid
picture of the early struggles of the settlers
of Boston Bay. We will consider in the first
place the various settlements about the
shores of what is now Boston harbor, which
were made or attempted before the coming
of Winthrop; and then give brief biograph-
ical sketches of the forty-three men con-
cerning whom the writer has found suf-
ficient proof of residence before May. 1630.

In 1G14 Captain John Smith undoubtedly
entered and, tosomeextentexplored Boston
Bay, especially the southern portions. His
map on which Quincy and Weymouth bays

are very clearly indicated is sufficient evi-
dence of this. In the years 1616 and 1017
that dreadful pestilence raged which killed
off so many of the Massachusetts Indians,
"clearing the woods of tho<e pernicious
creatures to make room for a better
growth" as Rev. Cotton Mather stated
eighty years later. On a September after-
noon in 1621. Miles Standish in command
of a party composed of 10 Europeans
and 3 savages, cast anchor off what is now
Thompson's Island and named it Trevour
in honor of William Trevour, one of their
number. Under the leadership of the
Indian guide Squanto, they explored the
shore, seeking out the scattered remnant
of the Indian tribe who were hiding in fear.
In the afternoon they crossed to the Charles-
town or Chelsea shore near the Mystic. The
next day they landed and pushed inland
in the direction of Medford and Winchester.
They found the deserted home of Xane-
pashemet and traded with a few squaws.
They returned to Plymouth after an ab-
sence of four days, having seen Boston
harbor with its islands and beautiful sur-
roundings during the finest season of the
Xew England year. Small wonder then,
that the Plymouth shore seemed fiat and
tame and that they spoke regretfully of the
broad harbor and beautiful region they had
just left. Smith had been impressed in
the same way seven years before and had
pronounced the vicinity of Boston Bay
"the paradise of all these parts."

Some localities about Boston harbor still
bear the names given by the Plymouth
visitors — Point Allerton, was named for
Isaac Allerton who was for many years
deputy-governor under Bradford, the
Brews'ters, for Elder Brewster. Trevour's
Island soon lost the name given it by Miles
Standish and since 1626 has been called
Thompson's Island, but the peninsula
opposite has always retained its original
name, Squantum, perpetuating the memory
of the Indian interpreter who guided the
first party of Europeans that ever set foot
upon it. Squanto has not had his due place
in Xew England history. He was for a time

116

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

the most essential factor perhaps in pro-
longing the existence of the Plymouth col-
ony, for it was he who showed them how
to plant and tend the maize without which
they could not have survived.

We may pass over the unfortunate ex-
periences of Weston and his '•fellows" of
Wessagusset. Suffice it to say that they
reflected little glory on their friends and
themselves. The settlement was but tem-
porary at best. Their houses which Brad-
ford had cautioned the savages not to
destroy, were unoccupied but a few months,
for Captain Robert Gorges took possession
in the September following that memor-
able April, 1623. Weston was a man of
the city, an adventurer and a trader. Gor-
ges was a gentleman adventurer, a man of
the court and a soldier. So far as juris-
diction was concerned the powers civil and
criminal intrusted to young Gorges were of
the amplest description, for he was au-
thorized to arrest, imprison and punish
even capitally. The following spring Gor-
ges was glad to return to England. Besides
the hardships of the season, he had found
his official position one of little considera-
tion and no encouragement. His one at-
tempt at authority had resulted in a
miserable wrangle with Weston and he had
been powerless to control the fishermen
and traders. As a settlement, it had re-
sulted in so little that it faiied completely to
influence the course of subsequent events
and has been deemed worthy of scant
notice in history; yet it was an organized
attempt replete with possibilities.

The few who lingered there after Gorges
left, were in the care of Reverend Mr.
Morrell. For the year following there is
no record of them. In the spring of 1625
Morrell also returned to England. Those
whom he left behind began to reach out
to more favored points in Boston Bay.
Blackstone moved across to the north shore
and finally established himself where, five
years later, Winthrop found him on the
western slope of the peninsula of Shawmut
opposite the mouth of the Charles river.
Thomas Walford, an English blacksmith,
who probably came as a mechanic with
Robert Gorges, presently went over, with
his wife, and built him a house near the
mouth of the Mystic, and was there in
what is now Charlestown when the Spra-
gues and others went there in 1629. This
place was first known a Mishawam.
Samuel Maverick, a youug man of 22, came

over in 1624. bringing with him hi
Amias, and built at winnissimet or Chel-
sea, a house which 33 years later was still
standing.

About the time Morrell left \W
a Captain Wollaston sailed into B
Bay with a little company of advent U
some three or four men of substance and
between thirty and forty servant Of
this man we know little. ' He came from
English obscurity, rested for a brief time
on a hillock overlooking Boston Bav. g
to it his name, and then disappeared into
oblivion. Thomas Morton is the only one
of the party of whom much is known,
he it was who probably gave the informa-
tion about the region. He was, it is be-
lieved, a companion of Andrew Weston in
the Charity, when she visited Boston Bav
in the summer of 1622. He had seen
America at the most beautiful season of
the year and his glowing accounts led them
hither. A season must have passed while
they were building their houses and the
winter which followed seemed to suffice
for Captain Wollaston as it had for Robert
Gorges. Consequently in 1626, he set sail
for Virginia, leaving Rasdall in charge of
the plantation. Wollaston soon sent for
Rasdall to join him, leaving Fitcher in
charge. At this time Morton's influence
began to make itself felt. He had come
with two distinct aims, pleasure and profit.
Whatever may be said of his character,
he was a close observer and a keen lover
of nature, for his strange rambling book
contains one of the best descriptions uf
Indian life, their traits and habits, and of
the trees, products and animal life of Xew
England, which have come down to us.
He maintains a discreet silence as to his
methods as a trader but he writes freely
of his pleasures. His taste for boistrous
enjoyment culminated in a proceeding
which scandalized the sombre" relig us
settlement at Plymouth. As Governor
Bradford wrote: "They set up a May pole,
drinking and dancing about it many days
together, inviting the Indian women for
their consorts, dancing and frisking to-
gether (like so many fairies or furies rather)
and worse practices. As if they had anew
revived and celebrated the feasts oi the
Roman Goddess Flora, or rather the beastly
practises of the mad Bacchinalians.'*

Between 1625 and 1627 two new settle-
ments had been effected in Boston B^y.
one at Xantasket, the other at Thompson's

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

117

Island and Squantum. It would seem
that a sort of trading-post had been estab-
lished at Xantasket as early as 1622.
Thomas Gray is said to have purchased
this place of the Indian Sachem, Chika-
taubut, in this year. He, with others who
favored the established church, finding
Plvmouth inhospitable, removed his resi-
dence to this place. John Gray and Walter
Knight going with him. John Oldham
and John Lyford had stirred up such
strife and discord at Plymouth that the
General Court was summoned in 1623 and
these two men were arraigned on general
charges of conspiracy, civil and spiritual,
with intent to disturb the peace. Both
were ordered to leave Plymouth but while
Oldham was ordered to go at once, Lyford
was allowed to remain six months. Roger
Conant left Plymouth and came to Xan-
tucket at the same time. In 1625 this
settlement was broken up, and Roger
Conant, Thomas Gray, Walter Knight
and John Oldham joined the settlement
of the Dorchester Company at Cape Ann.

{To be continued)

GARDNER FAMILY ASSOCIATION.

The third reunion of the Gardner Family
Association will be held at the Salem Wil-
lows, on Wednesday, June 23, 1909. A
pilgrimage about Salem will occupy the
morning, the party starting from the Bos-
ton and Maine station at 10 A.M. Trolley
cars will then be taken to the Willows, the
beautiful shore resort opposite the resi-
dence which is to be occupied by President
Taft this summer. A basket lunch will be
eaten in the covered pavilion at noon, and
following this, addresses will be given by
members of the family. At the close of
the exercises, a motor boat trip will be
provided for those who desire, along the
beautiful Xorth Shore and among the
islands of the harbor. A cordial invitation
is extended to all who are descendants of
Thomas Gardner the Planter, or are inter-
ested in the famib- through marriage. All
membe-s of the Old Planters Society and
their friends will be gladlv welcomed.

THE OLD PLANTERS SOCIETY.

The Annual meeting of the Old Planters
Society was held according to the consti-
tution^ Wednesday, March 24th, at 3 P. M.
Formal adjournment was made to March
2oth at three o'clock in the parlors of the

Salem Young Men's Christian A
in Salem. In the absence of the P«
Colonel Thomas Went worth Higginson,
the V 'ice-President. Dr. Frank A <, -
presided. The arnual report of the
tary was read an 1 accepted. Dr Gardner
reviewed the work of the year and con-
gratulated the members upon the
fortune of the society in perfecting an i
ments whereby The Massachusetts M
zine had been made the official organ, so
that copies would be sent regularly to each
member. The work for the coining year
was outlined, especial emphasis being placed
on the Gardner family reunion in June
and the summer meeting at Plvmouth.
Officers for the ensuing year were elected
* as follows:

President — Col. Thomas Wentworth Hicginson,

Cambridge
Vice Pres. — Frank A. Gardner, M. D., Sai.lm.
Secretary — Lucie M. Gardner, Salem.
Treasurer — Frank V. Wright, Salem.

Registrar — Mrs. Lora A. \Y. Underftili..

Brighton.
Councillors — Wm. Prf?cott Grffnlaw, Boston.

R. \Y. Sprague, M. D.. Boston.

Hon. A. P. Gardner, Hamilton.

Nathaniel Conant. Brookline.

Francis H. Lee, S\i.em.

Col. J. Granville Leach. Phila.

Francis N". Balch. Jamaica Pi. ux.

Joseph A. Torrey, Manchester.

Edward O. Skelton, Roxbury.

Announcement was made that the so-
cietv had adopted as its official hymn,
'"The Pilgrim and Puritan," written by
Hon. John J. Loud, of Weymouth, and
it was sung bv the audience. Reverend
Peter H. Goldsmith, D. D.. pastor of the
historic First Church of Salem, was then
introduced and he delivered the annual
address "The Xew England Minister :n
Earlv Puritan Communities." The. de-
scriptions of the various phases of life in
the colonies were most vivid and interesting.
The address was instructive and was
lightened by many amusing incidents and
extracts from letters and records which
seemed^ to bring those early days very
close to the present. At the close of the
address. Dr. Goldsmith was given a very
hearty vote of thanks.

The audience lingered for a social hour
and enjoved the dainty refreshments wh.ch
had been provided. 'Owing to the very
severe storm (one of the worst of the sea-
son) the audience was not large, but what
was lacking in numbers was compensated
for in enthusiasm.

0ur!EibUDriaT JPat±t£~

Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters.

■J

AVERY sensible and happy idea is
gaining ground in our High Schools.
Instead of indulging in the usual
elaborate graduating exercises, which often
involve a burdensome expense for appro-
priate dress, and cause much secret bitter-
ness, many classes are agreeing to make
their graduation simple and inexpensive
and then devoting their energies to provide
for a class excurison. The popular trip
is a week's outing in Washington, and a
better choice could not be made. The
journey thither is probably the first ex-
perience in travel to many and the night
spent on one of the beautiful Sound boats,
the early approach to Xew York, the
glimpses of the huge bridges and the great
buildings, the crossing of the Hudson and
the swift run to the Capital are things to
be long remembered.

The educational possibilities of such a
pilgrimage are unlimited. A few days
spent as busily as these young pilgrims
rejoice in doing, will make them measurably
familiar with the great public buildings,
the Capitol, the Library of Congress, the
Mint, the collections of the Smithsonian
Institution and museums and collections
of a hundred sorts. They are sure to see
many eminent men. Mr. Roosevelt was
always very gracious to the school boys
and girls, and the young travellers invaria-
bly enjoyed the privilege of meeting him
at the White House. Xo doubt the genial
Mr. Taft is equally kind and approachable.
They attain a new and keen interest in
Congress. The whole history of the nation

is seen in kaleidoscopic fashion. A proud
and patriotic admiration of their country,
and a deep and enduring appreciation of
the privileges and responsibilities of citizen-
ship, fill their minds and hearts. Such an
excursion is a liberal education in itself.

WE have just enjoyed a brief visit
to the battle fields of Antietam and
Gettysburg, and we are impressed
with the desirability of extending these
school excursions so that they may include
these famous localities. The trip could
be made with facility and the slight addi-
tional expense could be met with no great
self-denial.

The history of the war of the Rebellion
is studied with ease and clearness, when
we stand on the ground that felt the tread
and was wet with the blood of our soldiers.
The confused jumble of dates and events,
the nebulous conception of campaigns and
their issue, the vague location of battle-
fields, which most of us acknowledge, yield
with surprising facility to an orderly idea
of the general course of the War, a clear
understanding of the strategy of a great
campaign, and a precise location of the
field of conflict, when we see the field with
our own eyes.

Antietam is so near Washington that
the roar of the guns was heard distinctly.
Few realize that the danger line came so
close to the Capital. It was a day of
dreadful slaughter. The narrow sunken
lane, the approaches to Burnside bridge,
and the open fields where the clash of

OUR EDITORIAL PAGES

119

battle came, were the scenes of awful
carnage. In a few hours, by the help of
the skilful guides, whose services are al-
ways available, the tour of the field can
be made. Our government has erected
tablets everywhere, marking the dispo-
sition of the forces, Confederate and Union,
and describing the movements of the troops.
Fine macadam roads have been constructed
along the battle line, and approach is easy
to every point of especial interest. Massa-
chusetts men did their part nobly and our
Commonwealth has erected a monument
of chaste and beautiful design.

A few hours ride up the long slopes of
the Blue Ridge mountains with ever widen-
ing views of the beautiful Cumberland
valley, through the gap into the valley of
the Susquehanna, brings one to Gettysburg.
Only by a visit to the spot can the magni-
tude of that battle and the critical issues
at stake for both armies be fully appre-
ciated. General Lee had crossed the Poto-
mac and was well on his way across Mary-
land and into Pennsylvania, before the
Northern army was aware of his move-
ments. Advancing rapidly, he was within
sound of the bells of Harrisburg. Had he
occupied this city, and it was wholly de-
fenceless, he would have been within easy
striking distance by railroad of Philadelphia
and New York. It is said that England
had given assurances of intervention, if
the Confederate army should gain one
substantial victory north of Mason and
Dixon's line.

But before Lee could reap the fruit of
his advance, the army of the North ap-
proached, threatening his line of communi-
cation with the South. He withdrew his
forces, and planned to crush Gen. Meade's
army. If he succeeded in this, Washington

and the great cities of the North would be
at his mercy and with the help of Great
Britain, a victorious completion of th*-
was in sight. The stakes were tremer. :
It was a death grapple for two mighty
armies.

IT would be a thrilling and invaluable
experience to young students of Ameri-
can history to go from point to point,
see the fields where the first day's battle
was fought, to the discomfiture of our forces,
greatly outnumbered by their enemy, and
then pass on to the south of the little town,
where the deadly struggles of the second
and third day occurred. Standing on
Cemetery Ridge, where batteries still
occupy the earthworks thrown up in those
days, the charge of the Louisiana Tigers
up the rugged slope, and the hand to hand
fight on the crest, with clubbed muskets
cannon rammers and stones and bare fists
becomes a vivid experience. On Little
Round Top, which commands a view oi
extraordinary breadth and beauty, we
realize the seemingly impossible feat of
arms involved in dragging batteries up
through the woods to the summit and look
down upon the Devil's Den and the Wheat
Field, where thousands of brave men fell.
At the Bloody Angle, the ridge occupied
by the Confederate batteries is a mile away
over the sloping fields of grain. After
an artillery fire of unparalleled fierceness,
from out the woods yonder, came the solid
ranks of infantry, marching as if for re-
view, a sight of terrible magnificence, as
they advanced deliberately into the jaws
of death. A half mile from where we
stand, the Northern batteries opened with
solid shot and ploughed great lanes through
that dense line. Grape and cannister did

120 - o K

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

their deadly work at shorter range. But
that irresistible line, shattered and torn,
but pressing on with quenchless enthusi-
asm, rushed up against the firing line,
broke it for a moment, and then was over-
whelmed. Pickett's Charge, the most
dramatic and dreadful event of Gettys-
burg, will have a place in the memory of
those who stand there today, with the
defence of Thermopylae by Leonidas and
his brave three hundred. Had General
Lee's plan of an attack in the rear by his
cavalry at the same moment that this des-
perate charge reached the Union line, been
carried out successfully, the whole North-
ern army might have been vanquished.

The Roll of Honor reared at this point,
the high water mark of the invading army,
the six hundred monuments that dot the
great battle fields, the Cemetery, hallowed
by the thousands of graves and the glorious
Dedication address of Abraham Lincoln,
kindle patriotism and rouse sympathetic
admiration for the courage and devotion
of the thousands who laid down their
young lives upon the field of blood.

But our boys and girls will learn here
a better lesson, than this clear compre-
hension of great historic events, in their
proper setting and full significance. They
will realize the awfulness of War, the
horrid sacrifice of precious lives . and the
measureless woe and misery, which it
entails upon myriads of happy homes and
millions of peaceful people. Military
glory will always appeal to young men.
To die for fatherland is sweet, and glorious.
Despite our Hague Conferences, nations
fall quickly into thought and talk of war,
when complications arise, and the mad
rush to excel each other in building Dread-
noughts is unsettling to stable and un-
broken peace. What better antidote to
the War spirit in the minds of the coming
generation can be conceived, than a visit
to a great battlefield like this, where, under

the solemn and sorrowful influence of the
memories of suffering and death, there
comes to every open mind, the vision of
the higher glories of Peace, radiant in Light
and Beauty, the friend of Life and Joy
and all fruitful prosperity!

BUT apart from the more expensive
school excursions, the historical
pilgrimage to points of interest near
at hand is an educational device, well worth
the trying. Boston can be reached easily
from a large proportion of the cities and
towns of the Commonwealth and in case
of the more remote towns and villages of
western Massachusetts, the very difficulty
of access may invite such a stay-at-home
and stagnant habit, that a graduating
class might be greatly profited by the
broadening and stimulating effect of a few
days' visit to Boston and its suburbs.
Twice, recently, we have spent a few spare
hours in the Old State house, and we have
found it marvellously rich in its historic
associations. The Council Chamber of
the Royal Government is intact and the
great round table about which the Council
sat was witness of many thrilling scenes.
Here Otis and Adams and Hancock spoke
and the war of the Revolution had its birth.
Here the printing press of Benjamin Frank-
lin is preserved and many relics of years
ago. Admission to this ancient huilding
and to Faneuil Hall is free to all, and a
slight fee admits to the Old South Church.
The State House, the Public Library, the
Xavy Yard and Bunker Hill, the great
Ocean steam ships, the bridges and park?,
Harvard College close at hand with its
wonderful museums, are all easily and
cheaply reached. Why not economize in
gowns and ribbons, flowers and music, and
new graduating suits, and indulge in a
class excursion to Boston, or Salem or Ply-
mouth, or Lexington and Concord?

THE

MASSACHVSETTS
MAGAZINE

euofeD-fo.(nassacftusctt5*Hisfora«CreneftlcQ^Bioar^l)M

ublished by the Salem Press Ca Salem, Mass. USA

m^mm'.mm

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GoverntB Lrapcr's Fi

A Quarterly cMagazine Devoted to History, Genealogy and Biography
Thomas Franklin- Waters, Editor, ipswich, m am.
ASSOCIATE AND ADVISORY EDITORS

Frank A. Gardner, M. D. Charles A. Flagq John X. McClintock Albert \V. DeicVU

SAiEM, MASS. WASHINGTON, D. C. DORCHESTER, MASS. SALEM, MASS.

Issued in January, April, July and October. Subscription, $2.50 per year, Single copies 75c.

VOL. II

JULY, igog

NO. 3

Canfettfs af ffjtxs Jssitc.

Ancestry of Governor Eben S. Draper . T. W.-M. Draper . 123
Weston .... Colonel Daniel S. Lamson, John N. McClintock. 129
Colonel John Fellows's Regiment . . . F. A.Gardner, M.D. HI
Some Articles Concerning Massachusetts in-
recent Magazines Charles A. Flagg . 162

The Old Rand House . Caroline Rogers Hill 165

Department of the American Revolution F. A.Gardner, M.D. 168

Criticism and Comment 174

Pilgrims and Planters " Lucie M. Gardner . 176

Our Editorial Pages . . Thomas F. Waters . 1S6

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ANCESTRY OF GOVERNOR
EBEN S. DRAPER

By T. Waln-Morgan Draper

AMES DRAPER was the fourth son and fourth child of Thomas
Draper of the Priory of Hepstonstall, Vicarage of Halifax, York-
shire County, England; born Heptonstall 1618, died Roxbury July

; 1694; married Heptonstall, Apr. 21, 1646, Miriam, daughter of

Gideon Stansfield and Grace Eastwood of Wads worth, Yorkshire, who was
born Heptonstall Nov. 27, 1625, died Roxbury, Mass., Jan. 1697.

Although James Draper is found in history as one of the original proprie-
tors of the Town of Lancaster, there is no evidence that he ever lived there.
His first residence was in Roxbury, and there Sarah, Susanna and James were
born. He then moved into the adjoining town of Dedham, where his sons
John, Moses and Daniel were born, but after some years, returned to his first
home in Roxbury, where his youngest children, Patience and Jonathan were
born, and where he and his wife died and are buried. In 1690, he was made
a Freeman of Roxbury, which is now included within the corporate limits
of the City of Boston, yet still preserves its rural aspect, and many of its old
landmarks. James was also for a short time in Charlestown, Mass., where
he sold to Jonathan Carey part of an orchard in 1672. (Deed recorded 1684^.
and he was notified there in 1676.

The following official records, bearing upon James Draper's career and the
final settlement and division of his estate, are of great interest to his descend-
ants.

124 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Petition of Widow Miriam to Judge of Probate Court Suffolk Co. Mass.
No. 2387.
"As the Honorable Wm. Houghton Esq. Judge of Probate is informed
that I am leaft a widow throu God's providence therefore I do desire that my
youngest son Jonathan Draper with my Eldest son James Draper may have
adminestraytion granted unto them one the Estate of my deseased Husbands
Estate I being agad and Crosey and not able to forto undertack a invuny.

Miriam Draper. M

her mark
John Alldis.
Jonathan Whiting.

Administration Bond of James Draper. Aug. 19, 1697. Know all men
by these presents That We, James Draper, Jonathan Draper, John Davis.
Yeoman, and Joseph Warren, Carpenter, all of Roxbury within the County
of Suffolk — within his Majestys Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New
England and holden and stand firmly bound and obliged unto William
Houghton Esq. Judge of the Probate of Wills and Granting Administration
within the said County of Suffolk, in the full sum of Four Hundred pounds
currant money in New England. To be paid unto the said William Hough-
ton his successors in the said Office or Assignes. To the true payment
whereof, we do bind ourselves, our heirs, Executors and Administrators
jointly and severally firmly by these presents. Sealed with our Seals. Dated
the nineteenth day of August Anno Domini 1697.

Children

6. Miriam, born Heptonstall, Eng. Feb. 7, 1646-7, died England in infancy.

7. Susanna, born Roxbury, Mass., about 1650, married Charlestown. Mass.,

John Bacon, 1668.

8. Sarah, born Roxbury,. Mass., 1652, married May 19, 1669, James Had-

lock. Child:— 1. Sarah, born Roxbury Dec. 16, 1670. Baptized as
an adult Oct. 24, 1686, married about 16S6, John Marcy. They had
8 sons and 3 daughters.

9. James, born Roxbury, Mass. 1564, died Roxbury, Apr. 30. 169S.

10. John, born Dedham 24th day of 4th month, 1656, died Dedham, Apr. 5.
1749.
/ll. Moses, born Dedham, Sept. 26, 1663, died Boston, Aug. 14, 1693.
^ 12. Daniel born Dedham, May 30, 1665, died Dedham.

13. Patience, born Roxbury Mass. Aug. 17 1668. married Mar. 13. L689,

Ebenezer Cass of Boston.

14. Jonathan, born Roxbury, Mass. Mar. 10, 1670, died Roxbury. Feb. 28,

1746-7.

ANCESTRY OF GOVERNOR EBEN S. DRAPER 125

9. James, fourth child, eldest son of James Draper and Miriam Stansfield,
of Roxbury, Mass., married by Rev. Mr. Walter Feb 18, 1681. to Abigail,
daughter of Nathaniel Whiting and Hannah Dwight. of Dedham. She was
born Roxbury, June 7, 1663, and died there. Oct. 25. 1721. She was a grand-
daughter of John Dwight, from whom President Timothy Dwight of Yale
and other prominent men are descended.

He was a soldier in the King Philip War during the year 1675. James
had received from his father part of his farm at Roxbury. This he subse-
quently sold to John Aldis.

Children

15. Abigail, born Roxbury, Mass. Dec. 29, 1681, married James Griggs.

17. Nathaniel, born Roxbury, Mass. Apr. 2 1684, died Dec. 30, 1721.

17. William, born Roxbury, Mass. May 15, 1686, died young

18. Eunice, born Roxbury, Mass. June 5, 1689, married Nathaniel Aldis.

June 24, 1708. She died June 13, 1714.

19. James, born 1691, died Apr. 24, 176S.

20. Gideon, born Roxbury, Mass. 1694

21. Ebenezer, born Roxbury, Mass. Apr. 27, 169S, died Attleboro June 3.

1784.

19. James, fifth child, third son of James Draper and Abigail Whiting,
married 1st: May 2, 1716, Rachel, daughter of John and Mary Aldis. She
was born Mar. 15, 1690, died May 16, 1717. He married 2dly: Nov. 12, 1719,
Abigail, daughter of Joshua Child and Elizabeth Morris of Brookline. Mass.
She was born 1698, died Nov. 23, 1767. She was a sister of Dorothy who
married Ebenezer Draper.

| James Draper was a Captain in the Trained Bands; was elected a Select-
man in 1746 to serve one year, and again in 1756, to serve two years. He
was a prosperous man, a large land owner, prominent in the affairs of the town
of Dedham, and highly respected.

Child by first wife

22. John, born Jan. 29, 1716, baptized Mar 10, 1717, died Mar. 10. 1717.

Children by 2nd wife

23. James, born Stoughton, Sept. 22, 1720, died Spencer, Mar. 2, 1781.

24. Abigail, born Stoughton, Dec. 12. 1721, died Spencer, Nov. 3. 1817.

25. John 2d, born Stoughton, June 16, 1723, died Dedham, Nov. S, 1745.

126 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

26. Joshua, born Stoughton, Dec. 25, 172 k died Spencer, Oct. 27, 1702.

27. Josiah, born Stoughton, Apr. 3, 1720. died Aug. IS. 1720.

27a. Josiah 2d, born Stoughton, Sept. 12, 1727 (no record of his death.)

2S. Rebecca, born Stoughton, June 30, 1729, died Spencer, Jan. 30, 1820.

29. Mary, born Stoughton, Sept. 24, 1731.

30. Abijah, born Dedham, July 13, 1734, died Nov. 18, 1734.

31. Abijah 2d, born Dedham, July 11, 1735, died Feb. 13, 1737.

32. Abijah 3d, born Dedham, May 10, 1737, died Dedham, May 1, 1780.

33. Samuel, born Dedham, Dec. 5, 1740, died Nov. 29, 1750.

32. Abijah, eleventh child, eighth son of James Draper and Abigail
Child, of Dedham, married 1st: Alice, daughter of John Eaton and Elizabeth
Lovering, of Purgatory, Dedham, Apr. 8, 1762. She was born Jan. 31, 1741,
died Jan. 22, 1777. He married 2dly: Mar. 25, 1778, Desire, the widow of
Nathaniel Metcalf. She was the daughter of Ebenezer Foster and Desire
Cushman, born Attleboro, Aug. 12, 1746, died Dedham, Oct. 23, 1815.

Abijah Draper and both wives are buried in the cemetery in Dedham
village.

He succeeded his father, Captain James Draper in his landed estate at
Green Lodge, Dedham. He was-an active and energetic man, of large execu-
tive ability, public spirited and always ready to take part in every public
enterprise. He was one of three chosen by the citizens of Dedham to erect
a monument to William Pitt, in 1766. The base of this monument still exists
in Dedham village, and is called "Pillar of Liberty."

Mr. Draper held every office in the Militia up to that of Major, and com-
manded in the latter capacity, a body of minute men at Roxbury, under
Washington. While on duty there he was exposed to the small-pox. and
probably carried it to his home on one of his furloughs, as his first wife, Alice,
died of that disease. •

Children by Alice

34. Abijah, born June 11, 1763, died Dec. 1774.

35. Ira, born Dec. 24, 1764, died Jan. 22, 1848.

36. Rufus, born Nov. 27, 1766, died Nov. 18, 1788, at Norfolk, Va.

37. Tames, born Apr. 14, 1769, died Jan. 22, 1777.

38. Alice, born Apr. 13, 1771, died Jan. 27, 1852.

39. Abijah 2d, born September 22, 1775, died March 26, 1S36.

Child by second wife

40. Lendamine, born Mar. 30, 1780, died Oct. 26, 1S23.

35. Ira, second child and second son of Major Abijah Draper and Alice
Eaton, married 1st: May 31, 1786, Lydia, daughter of Lemuel and Rebecca
Richards. She was born Jan. 1768, died Sept. IS, 1811. He married 2dly:
Mar. 9, 1812, Abigail, called Nabbie, his first wife's sister. She was born Sept.
12, 1783, died 1847.

ANCESTRY OF GOVERNOR EBEN S. DRAPER 127

In 1775, during the retreat of the British after the battle of Lexington arvl
Concord Bridge, he was present with his father, who had taken part in the
fighting. During the early part of the century, he removed from Dedham
to Weston, Mass., and later to Saugus. Beginning life with a hand-
property for the time, he expended- most of it in the care and education of
his sixteen children, and also in the development of his mechanical inventions.
which proved more profitable to the community than to himself. He is
said to have invented the first threshing machine of which there is any record.
but it was never introduced extensively. He also invented the "fly shuttle
hand loom," which possessed decided advantages it was believed, over those
then in use. He invented the first machine for road scraping, and machines
of this identical pattern were in use very recently in the vicinity of Boston.
His invention which came into most general use, was the "revolving temple"
for keeping cloth extended in weaving. This was adopted in the larger part
of the looms both in this country and abroad, and formed the basis of a profit-
able business, which was carried on by himself, his sons, grandsons, and great-
grandsons. Under the administration of John Ouincy Adams he was a promi-
nent candidate for U. S- Commissioner of Patents He was a man of large
natural intelligence, mechanical ingenuity, and progressive thought. He
was one of the early Unitarians and died in that faith

Children by firs; wife, all bom in Dedham

41. James, born May 28, 1781, died Dec. 5, 1S70.

42. Ira, born Jan. 4, 1789, died June IS, 1S45.

43. Rufus, born Aug. 30, 1790, died in infancy.

44. A daughter born Aug. 7, 1791, died in infancy.

45. A son born Dec. 17. 1793. died in infancy.

46. Lucy Chickering born 1797, died Sept. 15, 1S01.

47. Rufus Foster, born Julv 12, 1800, died 1841.

48. Abijah, born Jan. 5, 1802, died Oct. 4, 1S02.

49. Abijah 2d, born Nov. 15, 1S03. died Oct r 4, 1828, married Mary ;

one child that died in infancy.

Children by second wife

50. Ebenezer Daggett, born June 13, 1813, died Oct. 20, 1SS7.

51. Lydia, born Mar. 31, 1815, died Apr. 3, 1847.

52. George, born Aug. 16; 1817, died June t. 1887.

53. Abigail, born Oct. 24', 1819, died July 22. 184/ , married William VT.

Cook, Feb. 2, 1842. Child: A son, born May 10. 1S44. died June 9.
1846. Mr. Cook married 2dly: her niece, Xancy Marion.

54. Lemuel Richards, born Saugus'. Dec. 1, 1S23; die Jan. 10, 1891.

55. Lucy Rebecca, born Dec. 22, 1826; died July 1, 1S27.

52. George, second son and third child of Ira Draper and his second
wife, Nabby Richards, married Hannah, daughter of Benjamin and Anna
Thwing of Uxbridge, Mar. 6 1S39. She was born Jan. 1, 1817, died Dec. 30.
1883. He married 2dly: Mrs. Parmelia B. Blunt of Milford. Mass.

128 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

George Draper was born in Weston. Mass. Up to his loth year he lived
there, and in Saugus, Mass., on his father's farm, attending school winters
and doing farm work summers. Though his years of schooling were brief,
he acquired at school, and in later studies at home, a most excellent mathe-
matical education, better than that possessed by most college graduates.
At the age of fifteen he left home to take a position under his brother in
the weaving department of the cotton mills at North Uxb ridge, Mass. He
remained there two years, and then was made superintendent and manager
of a small cotton mill at Walpole, Mass. From there, he went to Three
Rivers, Mass., becoming overseer of weaving in what was then one of the
largest fine mills in the country. While there he devised an improvement in
the temple for weaving, which had been invented by his father, and placed
the same in the hands of his brother, Ebenezer D. Draper, who made a
business of making and selling it. In 1839, owing to a general depression in
manufacturing business, caused by a progressive reduction of the tariff, he
was thrown out of employment, in common with a large part of the skilled
operatives in New England.

He looked vainly for work as an overseer or superintendent, used up his
small savings, ran into debt several hundred dollars, and finally accepted a
position as an operator in the Massachusetts Cotton Mills of Lowell, at the
remuneration of So. 00 per week. His experience at that time convinced him
of the advantage to laboring men of a protective tariff, and he never for-
got it.

In 1843 he accepted a position as designer of the celebrated Edward Harris
cassimeres at Woonsocket, R. I. In 1845 he was appointed superintendent
of one of the mills of the Otis Company, at Ware, Mass., and later had charge
of the entire corporation. In 1853 he removed from Ware to Hopedale,
Mass., forming a partnership with his brother, Ebenezer D. Draper, and soon
after joined the Hopedale Community. In 1S55, when the community broke
up as a financial institution, he joined his brother, E. D. Draper, in guaran-
teeing and paying its debts. From this time his career was one of uninter-
rupted material prosperity. His business increased until it became one of
the most important in the' State. In 1S6S his brother. E. D. Draper, retired,
and he took into partnership his oldest son, William F. Draper, and later
his sons, George A. and Eben S. Draper, and two of his grandsons.

Children

56. William F., born Apr. 9, 1842, at Lowell, Mass.

57. Georgiana T., born June 30, 1844, Lowell, Mass., died July 23. 1 U4.

58. Helen L., born Julv 11, 1845, Lowell. Mass., died Aug. 10. 1847.

59. Frances E., born July 26, 1847, Ware.

60. A son, born Dec. 15, 1850, died in infancy.

61. Hannah T., born Apr. 11, 1853, Ware.

62. George A., born Nov. 4, 1S55, Hopedale.

63. Eben S., born June 17, 1858, Hopedale.

WESTON

By Colonel Daniel S. Lamson and John N. McClintock

Weston was a part of the ancient town of Watertown, and its history
begins with the settlement of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630, when
Sir Richard Saltonstall, Mr. Phillips and their company located here. It is
possible, however, that the Northmen may have attempted a settlement in
this vicinity centuries before, and Spanish or French colonists or traders may
have preceded the Puritans. The site of an ancient settlement at the former
head of navigation on the Charles River has been marked by a massive and
graceful tower, built by Professor Eben Norton Hosford.

For nearly a century after its first settlement the territory of Weston
was referred to as the Farms; and with propriety it might be so called to
this day, or even more appropriately the Park; for throughout the town the
farms and the roads apparently form an ancient park of great beauty, where
every prospect is pleasing. The old roads, laid out by the founders with
good judgment, have been improved by labor and care extending over nearly
three centuries; bordering walls are often works of art; concrete sidewalks
through lonely reaches are surprises; groves of trees almost primeval are a
delight; and broad fields without a stone in sight give evidence of years of
loving toil.

The first allotment of farms in Weston was made in 1638, the year in
which the bounds between Watertown and Dedham were established (the
present line between Weston and Wellesley) ; and Jeremiah Norcross. Thomas
Mayhew and John Whitney are the first recorded land-owners. In 1642
among the proprietors of Weston were Bryan Pendleton, Daniel Patrick,
Simon Eire, John Stowers, Abraham Browne, John Whitney, Edward How,
Jeremiah Norcross and Thomas Mayhew.

Weston was on the frontier of Watertown until 1651, when Sudbury was
incorporated to the west, and the present line between Weston and Natick
and between Weston and Wayland was established. In 1663 the so-called
"Land of Contention," situated in the southwestern part of Weston, was
resurveyed. In 1673 Lieut. Nathan Fiske bought 220_acres of land of Thomas
Underwood in the northern part of Weston.

130 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

The Town was incorporated in 1712; and save for the set-off and incor-
poration of the northern part as a part of the Town of Lincoln, in 17.", 1. the
ancient boundaries of the town have remained practically unchanged. It has
been in Middlesex County since the county was organized.

The oldest house in Weston, for rriany years the home of Oliver R. Robbins,
now the home of William H. Hill, stands on Wellesley and Chestnut streets,
and is said to have been built about 1690. The cellar of Herbert Seaverns
house on Park street is said to have been built by his ancestor in 1695.

In 1695 the proprietors ordered the building of the first church in town.
a building thirty feet square, on land given by Nathaniel Coolidge, Sr.. and
situated a few rods south and east of the corner of Central Avenue and School
Street, where services were first held in 1700. In 1701 Rev. Joseph Morse,
Harv. Coll. 1695, was called to preach, the precinct agreeing to build him a
house; but difficulties arose, and Mr. Morse settled elsewhere. Rev. William
Williams accepted a call to preach in town in 1709 and was settled the next
year, when the church was organized.

The first members of the Weston church were:

Nathaniel Coolidge, Thomas Flagg, Joseph Lovell.

John Parkhurst, John Livermore, Francis Fullam,

Abel Allen, Ebenezer Allen, Francis Pierce,

Joseph Jones, Thomas Wright, Joseph Allen,

Josiah Jones, Jr., Joseph Woolson, Joseph Livermore,

Joseph Allen, Jr., Josiah Livermore, Samuel Seaverns,
George Robinson.

The first book of Town records, covering a period of nearly sixty years
(1695-1754), has disappeared; but the records of the church are very com-
plete and of great value.

In 1721 Benjamin Brown, Benoni Garfield, Ebenezer Allen, Joseph Allen
and James Jones were a committee to complete the new meeting-house.
Rev. Samuel Woodward was minister from 1751 to 17S2. Rev. Dr. Samuel
Kendall was the minister from 1783 to 1814: Rev. Dr. Joseph Field from
1815 to 1869: Rev. Dr. Edmund H. Sears from 1869 to 1S76: Rev. Charles F.
Russell from 1882 to present time. The five, whose ministry covered a period
of 167 years, died in town and were buried in the town cemetery.

In 1S00 the meeting-house underwent thorough repairs, a steeple and two
porches were added, and a new bell was bought of Paul Revere. In IS 40 the
second house was built. The present noble structure occupied by the ancient
church was dedicated in 1888.

WESTON , 131

The first Baptists in Weston began to gather in 1770 under the lead of
Deacon Oliver Hastings; the meeting-house was completed in 17SS; and
the church was organized in 1789. They had no settled minister until 1811,
when they united with the church in Framingham and settled Rev. Charles
Train as pastor. The union was severed in 1826 when the membership was
about fifty. The present Baptist church building was built in 1828, Mr. Hews
giving the land, and Mrs. Bryant contributing 81,000. Rev. Timothy P.
Ropes (Waterville Coll.), was the first settled pastor, followed in 1835 by
Rev. Joseph Hodges, Jr., in 1S40 by Rev. Origen Cram, in 1854 by Rev.
Calvin H. Topliff, in 1S67 by Rev. Luther G. Barrett, in 1870 by Rev. Alonzo
F. Benson, in 1S75 by Rev. Amos Harris.

The Methodists of Weston began to gather about 1794, building a small
chapel in the rear of present church. The first trustees were Abraham Bemis,
Habbakuck Stearns, Jonas Bemis, John Viles and Daniel Stratton. The
present church was erected in 182S, and in 1833 it became a regular station
with a regularly appointed preacher.

Between 1893 and 1901 Weston published four volumes of the early
records of the church and town, edited by Mary Frances Pierce, which gives
all births, marriages and deaths from 1709 to a recent date, beside much other
matter of historical interest. These records show that of the ancestors of
present Weston families, other than the founders of the first church. John
Warren was in Weston in 1709; Benjamin Brown, in 1711; Jonathan Bigelow,
1713; Benjamin Harrington, 1714; John Train, in 1715; Xathaniel Morse,
in 1717; Thomas Upham, in 1722; Enock Stratton. in 1725; Isaac Hager,
in 1726; Josiah Hobbs, in 1731; John Hastings, in 1735.

In 1700, the pioneer John Lamson came from Reading and settled in
Weston, founding a family that for two centuries has been prominent in the
military, civil and social history of the town, represented today by Colonel
Daniel S. Lamson whose house, built during the War of the Revolution, was
honored by a visit paid by President Washington to Mrs. Lamson. the wife
of an officer in the Continental Army.

When the town was incorporated in 1712 it had a population of about
1,000. Next to the minister perhaps the most important man in town at
the time was Honorable Francis Fullam, a judge from 1719 to 1755, who
besides presiding as chief justice on the bench, served as a Colonel in the
militia and a member of the Council. His son, Sergeant Jacob Fullam. was
killed in 1725 in the expedition under command of Captain John Lovewell
against the Indians of northern New England.

In 1675, John Parkkurst, Michael Flagg, John Whitney, Jr.. George

132

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Harrington, Jacob Ballard, Nathaniel Hely, and John Bigelow, all of " Weston
Farms" served in King Philip's War. The Indians burned a barn in the
northern part of the town in the following year, but did no further damage.

The men of Weston did their duty in the French and Indian War, 1735
to 1760, in camp and on the field of battle. Through the town led the thor-
oughfares to the frontiers over which went the soldiers and the munitions
of warfare from the seaboard; and the Commonwealth then as now aided
in maintaining highways of travel.

A hundred men from the town took up arms on the day of the Lexington
alarm, and attacked the invading British force on their retreat from Concord-
Many served until the close of the war, winning honor and renown. The
roll of the Weston Company is as follows:

Captain, Samuel Lamson;*
Lieutenants, John Fiske,

Matthew Hobbs;
Sergeants, Josiah Steadman,
Josiah Severn,
John Wright,
Abraham Hewes;
Corporals, Abijah Steadman,

Simon Smith,
Drummer, Samuel Nutting;
Privates, Nathan Hager,
John Allen, Jr.,
William Hobart,
r Abijah Warren,

* Isaac Cory,

David Sanderson,
Samuel Underwood,
"***' Josiah Corey,

I Thomas Rand, Jr.,

Nathl. Parkhurst,
Wm. Whitney,
Benjamin Pierce,
David Livermore,
Thomas Corey,
Jonas Underwood,
John Stimpson,

Jonathan Stratton,
John Warren, Jr.,
Micah Warren
Isaac Flagg,
James Jones,
Abraham Harrington,
Eben Brackett,
Reuben Hobbs,
Benjamin Dudley,
Samuel Fiske,
Abraham Sanderson,

Isaac Bullard,
Jonathan Warren,
John Frost,
Isaac Walker,
Amos Jones,
John Walker, Jr.,
Oliver Curtis,
Thomas Rand,
William Lawrence,
Eli as Bigelow,
Benjamin Rand,
Saml. Child,

David Fuller,

Jonas Harrington (3), Jacob Parmenter,

Roger Bigelow, Elijah Kingsbury,

Converse Bigelow, William Pierce.

Thomas Williams. Increase Lcadbetter,

* Family names italicized are borne by Weston families today.

WESTON

133

Elisha Stratton,
Daniel Twitchel,
John Xorcross ,
Daniel Lawrence,
Samuel Train, Jr.,
Joseph Whitney,
Nathl. Bovnton,

Isaac Hobbs,
William Bond, Jr.
William Carey,
Jedh. Bonis,
Josiah Allen, Jr.,
Josh. Steadman.
Eben Phillips,

Benjamin Pierce, Jr., John Pierce,

John Gould,
Phineas Hager,
Josh. Love well,
Joseph Pierce,
Hezekh. Wyman,
Joel Smith,
Daniel Bemis,

Benjamin Bancroft,
J ;hn Flint,
John Bemis.
Lemuel Stimpson,
Daniel Benjamin,
Jonas Pierce,
Jedh. Wheeler,
William Jones,
Soln. Jones,
Samuel Taylor,
Thadeus Fuller,
Elijah Allen,
William Bond,
Moses Pierce,
Amos Parkhurst.

John Lamson,
Paul Coolidge,
Peter Carey,
Saml. Woodward,
Ebenr. Steadman,
Joseph Jennison,
Benjamin Stratton,
The Weston artillery company also served that day, comprising:
Captain Israel Whitemore, Lieutenant Josiah Bigelow, Lieut. John George,

Privates, John Whitehead, John Pownell, Nathan Weston,

Joseph Russell, Nathan Smith, John Flagg,

Jonathan Lawrence, James Smith, Jr., Thaddeus Garfield,
Alpheus Bigelow, and Thomas Russell. %

The remarkable thing about this list of names is that it numbers about
half that of the voting population of Weston in 1775 and, so slow is the change
of ownership in town, it includes the ancestors of very many of the present
residents in town.

As in the War of .the Revolution, the men of Weston did their duty in
the Civil War. They numbered 126; of these, eight were killed, three died of
wounds, and one died at Andersonville prison. A tablet to perpetuate the
memory of the dead heroes is erected in Weston's beautiful town library.

Aside from General Charles J. Paine, Colonel Daniel S. Lamson and Asses-
sor^Corporal Henry L. Brown, Francis B. Ripley, Oliver L. Sherburne. Almon
Wright, Jason Wright, George E. Hobbs. John H. Stone. Chas. A. Deane,
and Hosea F. Traverse are the only veterans of the Union Army living in
Weston in 1909.

The population of Weston in 1860 was 1,243; and the town raised about
S20.000.00 as a war tax. The town debt was paid many years ago; and the
present tax rate is very low; while the present valuation is in excess of $6,000,-
000, with a voting list of 410.

• '/3 1 /

I NC OL N

W%t%lmx 5¥lass

Ef(C»AVto ElPKEbiLY FOR thi^WoBi

' . ^.U 1 " Scauc: 1/6 2.500
Surveyed in I9QZ by John N McCl'miock A H C E

WESTON ' 135

The Main Road or Central Avenue of Weston is of great antiquity. For
many years it was a part of the post-road leading from Boston south and west,
a thoroughfare of great importance, a county road, and finally a State high-
way. Many taverns along the way, some still standing, cared for the passing
traveller and his horse, or the rattling stage-coach, in the eighteenth century
and the early years of the nineteenth. At the sign of the Golden Ball, land-
lord Jones welcomed the officers of the British garrison stationed in Boston
before the Revolution to overawe the American colonies, and won fair. i as
a good provider. At Capt. John Flagg's tavern President Washington .vas
entertained. Along the dusty way, Burgoyne's army marched as prisoners of
war, and encamped one night by the wayside. The house later occupie 1 by
Mrs. A. H. Fiske was built in 1753 by the Rev. Samuel Woodward, who is
said to have shouldered a gun and marched with the men of Weston to the
aid of their Concord and Lexington neighbors, in 1775.

In 1765 Abraham Hews established a pottery in Weston, probably the
first industry of its kind in New England, and the business was continued
by several generations of the founder's descendants, until 1871, when the
business was removed to Cambridge. Josiah Hobbs established a tannery
in 1730, or later, which was maintained for many years. The waters of Stony
Brook were utilized in 1679 by Richard Child for a grist-mill and later a saw-
mill. The grist-mill stood until 1840. The property was bought in 1831 by
Coolidge & Sibley, who erected a machine-shop for the manufacture of cotton
machinery and looms and supplied the factories of Lowell, Lawrence. Clinton,
Lancaster, and factories outside the state. The power was abandoned when
Cambridge came to Weston for a water supply. The organ factory was estab-
lished near Kendall Green by F. H. Hastings in 1SSS, the business having
been begun in Salem in 1827 by Elias Hook. The Ralph Kenney chair fac-
tory for school goods is near the center of the town.

Weston has a system of graded schools, well maintained, and provides
transportation for scholars to and from school from every section. The
roads are lighted at night by electricity. Water from Clinton passes through
the town to the Metropolitan District, being impounded in a large reservoir.
There are two private water companies in town, and Cambridge draws largely
from the territory for her water supply.

The town has a perfect set of assessors' plans, showing every lot in town,
a uniformed police force, a poor-house, where there is generally one wreck
of humanity, no electric-car lines, and a body of sturdy yeomen ready, as
were their ancestors in olden times, to defend their rights and to uphold the
law.

136 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

As in the past the chief business carried on in Weston is agriculture at
the present time, and the male population is composed for the most part of
farmers, although many of the landowners are engaged in professional work
or business elsewhere.

GENEALOGY AND BIOGRAPHY

In the history of a New England town, chief interest attaches to the record of indi-
viduals and families; and who at different epochs, have been conspicuous in public
affairs. The present board of Town officials is especially interesting.

Francis Blake, Chairman of the Board of Selectmen, has been elected continuously
to the Board since 1S90 and since 1900, he has been Chairman. He was born in 1850
in Xeedham, near Xewton Lower Falls, the son of Francis and Caroline Burling (Trum-
bull) Blake; the grandson of the Hon. Francis Blake, of Worcester, an eminent lawyer,
and also the grandson of George Augustus Trumbull, of Worcester; and a descendant
in the eighth generation from William and Agnes Blake, who came from Somersetshire,
England, in 1636, and settled in Milton, becoming prominent in colonial affairs.

In 1S66 his uncle, Commodore George Smith Blake, secured for him an appointment
in the service of the United States Coast Survey, in which he acquired the scientific
education that has led to his membership in later years in many learned societies. His
ability was recognized in his early promotion to the rank of Assistant.

In 1873 he married Elizabeth L., daughter of Charles T. Hubbard, and became a
resident of Weston, settling and building on his estate, "Keewaydin." In April, 1878,
he resigned from the Coast Survey; and in the following Xovember he disclosed to the
world the "Blake Transmitter," an invention that perfected the Bell Telephone and
made it of great commercial value and of unbounded usefulness. In 1902 he received
the honorary degree of A.M. from Harv. Coll. His children are:

Agnes Blake, born 1S76; married 1906, Stephen Salisbury Fitz Gerald.

Benjamin Sewall Blake, born 1S77; Harv. Coll. 1901; married 190S, Ruth Field.

Nathan S. Fiske, selectman and assessor, lives on the farm bought by his ancestor,
Lieut. Nathan Fiske, in 1673.

CUTTING FAMILY

George Warren Cutting, son of Ephraim (b. East Sudbury, 1774; m. 1802: d. 1866 >
and Theoda (Pratt) Cutting, born 1S05, in Roxbury; settled in Weston in 1822; bought
the Jonathan P. Stearns grocery business in 1833; married 1S30, Elizabeth Lord, of
Medford (b. 1S07; d. 1893) ; was postmaster from 1859 to 18S5; for 52 years conducted
the only grocery in Weston; held many offices within the gift of the people; was highly
esteemed by the community for his great amiability and strict integrity; died 1885.
Children:

Caroline Elizabeth Cutting, born 1831; married George Willis; died 1SSS.

Sarah Lord Cutting, born 1833; married Theodore Jones, die! 1S3 3.

George Warren Cutting, born 1S34; married Josephine M. Brown.

WESTON 137

Harriet Fenno Cutting, born 1838; married William C. Stimpson, killed at Poplar

Spring, Va., Sept. 30, 1S64, 35 Reg. Mass. Vol.
Margaret Lord Cutting, born 1S42; married Isaac E. Coburn; died 1007.
Emma Louisa Cutting, born 1S44.
Ellen Marion Cutting, born 1846; died 1849.

Edward L. Cutting, born 1S50; married Caroline Augusta Keniston.
George Warren Cutting, Jr., born 1S34; married 1S65, Josephine M. Brown;
became associated with his father in business. In 1875 the firm bought
the Lamson store, property that had been in the Lamson family for 150
years. In 1864 upon the death of Nathan Hagar (died Xov. 14, 1863), he
was chosen town clerk, and has served continuously in office since. He
was representative in 1SS9, and assessor for a number of years, a trustee of
of the Merriam Fund; a highly esteemed citizen, and is now postmaster.
His children are:

Sarah Lillian Cutting, born 1866; married Arthur B. Xims.

Alfred Leslie Cutting, born 1868; married May C. Livermore.

Bessie Brown Cutting born 1874; died 1S76.

George Warren Cutting (2d) born 1877.

Eleanor Mabel Cutting born 18S0.

Edmund Eugene Cutting born 1882; died 1882.

Alfred Leslie Cutting, born 1868; opened a grocery store on North Ave., in 1SSS and
was appointed postmaster at Kendal Green when he was 21. He married 1S90, May C,
daughter of Charles H. and Almira (Child) Livermore, and became associated with his
father and brother-in-law in business. He was elected a selectman in 1900 and con-
tinuously since; Representative in 1908 and re-elected for 1909. He is deservedly popu-
lar, trusted and esteemed.

Corporal Henry L. Brown, Assessor, was born in 1840.

David Weston Lane, Assessor, born in 1846, is Chairman of Park Commission.

Henry J. White, Town Treasurer and Collector, born in 1828, has served the town
as representative, assessor and selectman. His father Henry J. White came to Wes-
ton from Hallowell, Maine.

HASTINGS FAMILY

I. Dea. Thomas Hastings migrated and settled in Watertown in 1634, with wife,
Susanna (born 1609; died 1650); married 2, 1651, Margaret Cheney; died 16S5.

II. Nathaniel Hastings, born 1661; married Mary — ; died 1694.

III. John Hastings, born 1698; married 1726, Mercy Ward; lived in Weston.
Children:

Elizabeth, born 1728; married 1750, James Livermore.
Esther, born 1730; married 1747, Ading Harrington.
Edward, born 1735; married 1758, Lydia Harrington.
John, born 1738; married 1, Elizabeth—; married 2, Esther Pierce, 1778.

138 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

HEWS FAMILY
Genealogies.

Abraham Hews of Weston established the first potterv business in New England in
1765.

Abraham Hews, his son, was appointed postmaster of Weston by President M
in 1S12 and held the office until his death in 1S54.
Children:

George Hews, born 1S06; married Caroline Pelletier, of Boston; died 1873.
Horace Hews, born IS 15, was town treasurer 25 years, resigning office in 1889
on account of failing health.

HUBBARD FAMILY

William Hubbard, a graduate of Cambridge, England, came over to this country in
1632. His son, William, was graduated with the first class at Harvard College; after-
ward settled as a minister at Ipswich, Mass.; wrote the History of the Indian Wars.
The descendants are as follows:

John Hubbard,

Daniel Hubbard,

Henry Hubbard,

Charles T. Hubbard, — the one who built in Weston.

Charles W. Hubbard, — the present owner.

The other children of Charles T. Hubbard are:

Louisa Sewall Hubbard, married 1st, John Cotton Jackson ; 2nd, Ferdinand Canda.
Elizabeth L. Hubbard, married Francis Blake.
Charlotte W. Hubbard, married Benjamin Loring Young.
Charles Wells Hubbard, married Anne L. Swann.
Anne Hubbard, married Bancroft Chandler Davis.

LAMSOX FAMILY

II. John Lamson, son of Joseph, I, or Samuel, I, settled in Weston in 1709; died 1757.

III. John Lamson,' born in 1724, married Elizabeth Wesson in 1759.

III. Colonel Samuel Lamson, born in 1736: married Elizabeth Ball in 1759; married
2, Elizabeth Sanderson of Waltham in 1788. He was town treasurer and selectman of
Weston many years, captain of Weston company at Concord, colonel of Third Middlesex
regiment, active in town affairs.

Isaac Lamson third child of Samuel, married Abigail, daughter of Xathan Fiske in
1783; kept store in Weston from 1786 to 1S06.

John Lamson, ninth child of Samuel, born 1791; married Elizabeth Turner Kendall
of Boston in 1814; established the firm of Lane, Lamson & Co., with branches in Boston,
New York, Paris and Lyons; retired in 1S53; resided at homestead in Weston; died L855.

Daniel S. Lamson, born 1793, tenth child of Samuel, married Patience, daughter of
John Flagg, in 1822; kept the dry-goods store in Weston, was Lieut. -Colonel of 3rd
Middlesex Regiment; died in 1824.

WESTON 139

Daniel S. Lamson, grandson of Samuel, son of John, born in 1828; educated in France;
studied law with Sohier & Welch and at Harv. Law School; was admitted to bar in 1S54;
commissioned Major of 16th Regt. Mass. Vols, (the old 3rd Middlesex Regt.) in 1861;
Lieut. -Colonel in 1S63; commanded regiment after death of Col. P. T. Wyman in battle;
was discharged for disability in 1S64; resides on old homestead.

John Lamson, son of John, was born in 1760; married Hannah Avers. Their son,
John A. Lamson, was a highly esteemed merchant of Boston.

Rev. Dr. Alvan Lamson, son of John (b. 1760), grandson of John (b. 1724), born
1792; Harv. Coll. 1814; tutor at Bowd. Coll. ; Camb. Div. Sch. 1817; settled in Dedham
in ISIS; married Francis Fidelia Ward, daughter of Chief Justice Artemas Ward, in
1S25; was a noted preacher, writer, antiquarian and historian; died in 1864.

SEARS FAMILY

Rev. Dr. Edmund Hamilton Sears, son of Joseph and Lucy (Smith) Sears, born in
Standisfield in IS 10; Union Coll. 1S34; Harv. Div. Sch. 1837; settled in Wayland in
1839; married Ellen (who died 1897, aged S6), daughter of Hon. Ebenezer Bacon, of
Barnstable; was called to Lancaster in 1S40; returned to Wayland in 1848; was asso-
ciated with Rev. Dr. Field at Weston in 1S65 ; followed Dr. Field in 1869 ; was a preacher
and writer of wide fame ; died in 1S76.
Children:

Katharine, born 1843; died 1S53.

Francis Bacon, born 1849; married Mary E. Sparhawk.

Edmund Hamilton, born 1852; married Hellen Clark Swazey of Springfield; lives
in St. Louis, Mo.

Horace Scudder, born 1S55.

Francis Bacon Sears, son of Rev. Dr. Edmund H. and Ellen (Bacon) Sears, born
in Wayland, 1849; passed his boyhood in Wayland; married in 1S75 Mary E., daughter
of George and Mary S. (Jackson) Sparhawk; settled finally in Weston in 1891.
Children:

1. Katharine, born 1876; married Henry Endicott, Jr., resides in Weston; has
one daughter, Ellen Bacon Endicott.

2. Edmund Hamilton Sears, born 1S78; Harv. Coll. 1899; married in 1904,

Leslie Buckingham of Wayland; has children, Mary Sears, born 1905; Ed-
mund Hamilton Sears, born 1907.

3. Jackson Knyvet Sears, born 1881; died 1905.

4. Francis Bacon Sears, Jr., born 1882; Harv. Coll. 1905; married Marian

Buckingham; resides in Wayland; has one son, Francis Bacon Sears, born
1907.

WINSOR FAMILY.

Mrs. Anne Bent (Ware) Winsor, widow of Frederick Winsor of Winchester, settled
in Weston [in 1889, buying the Hager farm, corner of Central Ave. and Wellesley St.;
she died in 1907. Her children were:

• .

140 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

1. Robert Winsor, born 1S5S; Harv. Coll. 1880; banker (Kidder, Peabody & Co )

has farm of 300 acres; married Eleanor McGee of Winchester; has 4 children:
Robert Winsor, Jr., Harv. Coll. 1905.
Philip Winsor, Alexander Winsor, and Mary Winsor.

2. Mary Pickard Winsor.

3. Paul Winsor, born 1863; Chief Engineer Motive Power and Rolling Stock,
Boston Elevated Railway Co.; married Jessie Baldwin of Winchester; has
2 sons, Paul Winsor, Jr., Felix Winsor.

4. Annie Ware Winsor, married Prof. Joseph Allen, of College of City of Sew

York; has 3 children: Dorothea, Anne, Joseph.

5. Jane Loring Winsor, married Lyman W. Gale of Weston; has 3 children,
Priscilla, Emma, Winsor Gale.

6. Elizabeth Ware Winsor, married Prof. Henry G. Pearson, of Mass. Inst.
Tech. ; has 1 child, Theodore Pearson.

7. Frederick W 7 insor, Jr., born 1872; Harv. Coll. 1893; resides in Concord;
master, Middlesex School; married Mary A. Paine, daughter of Gen. Charles
J. Paine; has 5 children: Charles Winsor, Dorothy Winsor, Frederick Win-
sor, John Winsor, and Theresa Winsor.

The genealogy of the other Weston families will appear in future numbers of this
magazine.

ff!

[This is the fifth of a series of articles, giving the organization and history of all the Massachusetts
regiments which took part in the war of the Revoluti m.]

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S

REGIMENT

Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment. 1775.
8th Regiment Army of the United Colonies. 177.3.

By Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

North western Massachusetts contributed nearly all the men who com-
posed this regiment, six companies being raised in Hampshire County, three
in Berkshire and one in Worcester County.

Colonel Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment, which responded to the Lexing-
ton Alarm of April 19, 1775, was officered as follows:
Colonel, John Fellows, Sheffield.
Lieut. Colonel, Thomas Brown, Sandisfield.
Major, John Cotter, New Marlboro.
Adjutant, Ebenezer Bement, Great Barrington.

Company officers:

Lieutenant (commanding) Moses Soule.
Lieutenant Noah Allen.
Ensign Solomon Demming.

Captain William King.

Lieutenant Samuel Brewer.

Second Lieutenant Abijah Markham.

Captain William Bacon.
Lieutenant John Hubbard.
Ensign William Ashley.

Captain Caleb Wright.
No lieutenant.
Ensign Elisha Shelden.

142 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Captain Jacob Brown.
Lieutenant Joel Smith.

Captain Israel Chapin. •
Lieutenant Perez Bardwell.
Ensign William Watson.

Captain John Holmes
Lieutenant Michael Loomis.
Lieutenant David Tullar.

Lieutenant (commanding) John Hurlbut.
No other commissioned officer.

The regiment was reorganized .April 25, 1775, and became the 17th Massa-
chusetts Bay Regiment in the Provincial Army. The field and staff officers
were as follows:

Colonel, John Fellows, Sheffield, engaged April 25, 1775.

Lieut. Colonel, Nahum Eagur, Worthington,
Major, Benjamin Tupper, Chesterfield,

Chaplain, Samuel Spring, Uxbridge, May 10,

Adjutant, Ebenezer Bement, Great Barrington, " April 25,

Quartermaster, Seth Hunt, Northampton, May 23,

Surgeon, Elihu Wright, New Marlboro, April 25,

Surgeon, Samuel Adams, Truro, June 2S,

Surgeon's Mate, Josiah Harvey, Granville, June S,

Two letters connected with this period of the regiment explain themselves.
"In Com tee of Safety, Cambridge May 11, 1775.
Sir The Capts Caleb Wright & John Holmes of the County of Berkshire,
now report verbally, that your Excel c >' is willing that about 60 of Col° Fellows's
men, who have not enlisted, may have liberty to return home, they having
first the consent of this Com tee We have conferr'd with his Excellency Gen 1
Ward upon the Subject, & are of Opinion, That no liberty ought to be granted
to any, for that purpose, until the Camps are so far strengthened, as that all
who were called in upon the late alarm, may have liberty to return. And
as the Troops from Connecticut are very soon (in a few days) expected, we

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 143

think that these, with others which are daily coming in, will strengthen our
hands so far as to relieve those who want to return to their homes.
We have the honor to be Sir, with great respect,
Y r Excel n >" s ' most hum ble Serv fc
Pr order of the Committee

Rich d Deven Chairman."

"The council of war having recommended that forty persons of the regi-
ment commanded by Col. Fellows have liberty to return to their several
homes. Resolved, that they be dismissed accordingly, and that the com-
missary general be directed to supply said persons with six days provisions
to serve them on their return home."

Committee of Safety, May 15, 1775.

A return of the regiment made at Roxbury Camp, May 23, 1775, gave the
the total enrollment of privates as 526.

We read in the records of the Committee of Safety, May 29, 1775, that
"Col. Fellows having satisfied this committee that his regiment is full, we
had a certificate thereof, and a recommendation that said regiment be com-
missioned accordingly, was given him for the honorable Congress."

"A true Return According to the Returns from every Company" dated
Roxbury Camp, May 31, 1775, showed that the regiment numbered 54S,
35 of whom were officers.

A resolve passed in the Provincial Congress June 4, 1775, directed "That
Col. Lemuel Robinson. . . . pay the advance pay of the three companies of
Col. [Fellows'] regiment, which came from the county of Berkshire, out of
the first money he may receive from the receiver general."

"Roxbury Camp, June 10. 1775.

A return of Col° Fellows Regiment of the Names of Officers and Number
of Men.

Capt. Robert* Webster

Lt. Christopher Banester 49

Ensg Everton Bosweck

Capt. Abner Pemroy

Lt. Jonathan Wales 45

Ensg Daniel Kirtland

144 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Capt. Ebenezer Webber

Lieut Samll Bartlett 66

Lieut Samll Allen

Capt Abel Shaw*

Lieut Joseph Warner 39

Capt. William Bacon

Lt John Hubbard 57

Ensg Michel Loomis

Capt. W T illiam King

Lt Sam 11 Brewer 55

Ensg Gamaliel Whitine

Capt. Jonathan Allen

Lieut Oliver Lyman 64

Ensg Jonathan Stearns

Capt. Moses Soul

Lt Noah Allen / 55

Ensg Solomon Duning

Capt Israel Chapin

Lieut Perez Bar dwell 54

Ensg William Watson

Capt Simeon Hazeltine

Lieut George Blake 45

Ensg Steward Blake

♦Although this name is given as Shaw in the manuscript record it is a mistake.
His name was Thayer as proven by other original records;

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 14.

Elihu W right Scurgeon

Sam 11 Spring Chaplin

Eben r Bement Adj't j

W m Bement Armerer

Seth Hunt Quartermaster

Field Officers ;

Colo John Fellows
Lt Col. Nahum Eager
Maj r Benjamin Tupper

N. B. 14 of the above soldiers have enlisted in the train of artillery 3
not joined 1 Deferted

567
Colon & other officers of Commifiond Staff 37

Total 564

Ebenezer Bement Adjt pr order of the Colo."

Commissions were ordered to be delivered to Colonel Fellows and the
officers of his regiment, "agreeable to a list exhibited by the Lt. Col." June
7, 1775.

The following list shows the names of the company commanders about
July 1, 1775, with the names of towns:

Captains.

William King, Great Barrington, Tyringham, Alford, etc.

Jonathan Allen, Northampton, Dorchester.

William Bacon, Sheffield, Egremont, Alford.

Robert Webster, Chesterfield, Bridge water, Northampton, Pelham.

Israel Chapin, Hatfield, Whately, Chesterfield, Enfield, Williamsburg.

Ebenezer Webber, Ashfield, Worthington, Deerfield, Dorchester.

Simeon Hazeltine, Hardwick, Oakham, Rutland, Ashfield.

Abel Thayer, Williamsburg, No. 5. etc. etc.

Moses Soule, Sandisfield, New Marlboro, Egremont, Spencer.

Abner Pomroy, Southampton, Northampton, Norwich etc.

A return of company commanders for provisions made July 3, 1775,
showed that the regiment contained at that time 539 men, each of whom
had a pound of beef, a pound of pork, two pounds of bread, two (pints prob-

146 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

ably) of beer, a quarter of a pound of both rice and peas, and about 1-9 of a
pound of butter, for the daily ration.

The regiment was assigned Brigadier General Thomas's Brigade. July 22
1775, and served through the year in the fortifications at Roxbury. We
have already given the strength of the regiment at various times up to August,
1775. The following shows the number of men each month through the
remainder of the vear.

Date.

Com. Off.

Staff.

Non Com.*

Rank and file

Aug. 18.

460

Sept. 23.

470

Oct. 17.

468

Nov. 18.

466

Dec. 30.

453

Many of the officers of this regiment served in other organizations in
later years of the war. Two attained the rank of brigadier general, one became
a colonel, four, majors and others, company commanders.

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS of Sheffield, was born in Pomfret. Con-
necticut, in 1733. He was in Sheffield in 175S and was an Ensign in Colonel
William Williams's Regiment from March 13 to November 1, of that year.
He served as Captain in 1759, 60 and 61, and again in 1764. In 1771 he was
1st Major in Colonel John Ashley's South Regiment of Berkshire.

He was a member of the First Provincial Congress from Sheffield. Great
Barrington, Egremont and Alford, in October 1774. On the 19th of the
month he was appointed on a committee "to make as minute an inquiry
into the present state and operations of the army as may be. and report."
He was also to "consider what is necessary to be now done for the defence
and safety of the province." December 7, 1774 he was appointed on a com-
mittee "to prepare .... a true statement of the number of the inhabitants
and of the quantities of exports and imports of goods .... of all kinds, within
the colony, [to] be used by our delegates in the Continental Congress." He
represented Sheffield and Great Barrington in the Second Provincial Con-
gress. February, 1775.

He organized a regiment of minute men and marched them from the
hills and vales of Berkshire County upon the alarm of April 19th 1775. On
the 25th of that month the reorganization took place and this regiment be-

* Sergeants, fifers and drummers.

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 147

came the 17th. Massachusetts Bay regiment in the Provincial Army. In the
Army of the United Colonies, June-December, it was known as the 8th
Regiment.

In the Provincial Congress, June 7, 177o, it was "Ordered, That com-
missions be delivered to Col. Fellows and officers of his regiment, agreeably
to the list exhibited by his lieutenant colonel." Colonel Fellows received
his commission on the following day. He served through the year 177o with
his regiment in the fortifications at Roxbury.

In January, 1776, he was raising a regiment in the County of Berkshire
but on the 30th of that month was chosen Brigadier General for that county,
and was commissioned February Sth. June 26, 1776, he was chosen to com-
mand a brigade of militia to reinforce General Washington at Xew York.
This brigade was composed of three regiments. Colonel Simeon Cary's. Colonel
Jonathan Holman's and Colonel Isaac Smith's. August 5th the brigade was
assigned "to take the place of Gen. Scott's Brigade which was to move into
the city." Unfortunately, the brigade was composed entirely of raw militia-
men who had never been in action, and made a lamentable display in the
retreat from New York. General Nathaniel Greene in a letter to Governor
Cooke wrote: "We made a miserable, disorderly retreat from Xew York,
owing to the disorderly conduct of the militia, who ran at the appearance
of the enemy's advance guard; this was General Fellows's brigade. They
struck a panick into the troops in the rear, and Fellows's and Parsons's whole
brigade ran away from about fifty men, and left his Excellency on the ground
within eighty yards of the enemy so vexed at the infamous conduct of the
troops, that he sought death rather than life." General Washington did not
consider that General Fellows was responsible for this stampede, as the follow-
ing letter to the President of Congress makes evident.

"As soon as I heard the firing, I rode with all possible dispatch toward
the place of landing, when, to my great surprise and mortification. I found
the troops that had been posted in the lines retreating with the utmost pre-
cipitation, and those ordered to support them (Parsons' & Fellows's brigades)
flying in every direction, and in the greatest confusion, notwithstanding the
exertion of their Generals to form them. I used every means in my power
to tally and get them in some order; but my attempts were fruitless and
ineffectual; and on the appearance of a small party of the enemy, not more
than sixty or seventy, their disorder increased, and they ran away in the
greatest confusion, without firing a single shot. Finding that no confidence
was to be placed in these brigades" etc. etc. Up to November 23. 1776,
17 members of the brigade had been killed, 4 taken prisoners and 11 missing.

148 THE M/.SSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

General Fellows served later at Bemis Heights and Saratoga and was
present at the surrender of Burgoyne. After the war he was made high
sheriff of Berkshire County. He died at Sheffield, Massachusetts, August
1, 1S08.

LIEUT. COLOXEL THOMAS BROWN of Sandisfield was a Captain
in Colonel John Ashley's South Berkshire Regiment, July, 1771. He was
engaged April 21, 1775, as Lieutenant Colonel of Colonel John Fellows 's
Minute Men's Regiment and is credited with IS days service.

LIEUT. COLOXEL XAHUM EAGER of Brookfield "carried his own
arms" as a private in Captain Asa Whitcomb's company February 5, 1756. In
August of the following year he was a private in Captain Xathaniel Wolcott's
Company, on the alarm at Fort William Henry. In 1758 he served in Captain
Nathan Tyler's Company, Colonel William Williams's Regiment. He was
a private in Captain Asa Whitcomb's Company in Colonel Jonathan Bayley's
Regiment (year not given). From March 4 to X'ovember 27, 1762, he was
a Lieutenant in Captain William Jones's Company. He was credited to
Westboro at this time. He was engaged April 25, 1775, as Lieut. Colonel
of Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men and served through the
the year under that commander. A list of officers of the Continental Army
in 1776 credits him as Lieut. Colonel of Colonel Israel Hutchinson's Regiment,
but this was either a mistake or he did substitute duty for a short time only, as
Lieut. Colonel Benjamin Holden is given as second in command in that regi-
ment throughout the year 1776.

' MAJOR JOHX COTTER (COLLER or COLLAR), of Xew Marlboro,
was a member of the Committee of Inspection of that town. January 24. 1775.
He was Major of Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment and was
engaged for that service April 21, 1775. He was commissioned Captain in
a Berkshire County regiment October 14. 1777, and in 1779 served in the same
rank in Colonel John Ashley's 1st Berkshire County Regiment. He served
six days in the same regiment in 17S0. In 17S4 he held the rank of Lieutenant
Colonel.

MAJOR BEXJAMIX TUPPER of Chesterfield was born in 173S in that

part of Stoughton now known as Sharon. He was the son of Thomas and ■

(Perry) Tupper. His father died when he was quite young and he was ap-
prenticed to a farmer in Dorchester by the name of Withington. At the
age of sixteen he removed to Easton and kept a district school for several

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 149

winters. He was "centinel" in Captain Nathaniel Perry's Company in Colonel
John Winslow's Regiment from June 13 to September 2 >, 1754. From April
1, to November 28, 175S, he was a Corporal in Captain James Andrews's
Company in Colonel Thomas Doty's Regiment. March 25, 1759, he enlisted
in Captain Josiah Thatcher's Company in Colonel Ephraim Leonard's Regi-
ment. From November 1st of that year until January 11, 1761 he was a
sergeant in Captain Samuel Glover's Company in Colonel Bayley's Regiment.
He was a Lieutenant of militia at the breaking out of the revolution. He
was engaged April 25, 1775, as Major in Colonel John Fellows's Provincial
Regiment and as the efficient leader of several important expeditions during
the year gained an enviable reputation for skill and valor. The first was on
July S, 1775, when a party of volunteers under Majors Tupper and Crane,
at two o'clock in the morning attacked the advanced guard of the British
at Brown's house on Boston Neck, within three hundred yards of their main
works. They trained two field pieces on the guard house, fired two rounds,
drove the guards back to their main lines and burned the house. The next
of these expeditions is thus described by Frothingham in his " Siege of Boston.''

"The enemy had commenced rebuilding the light-house, and this day,
July 31, Major Tupper, with three hundred men, was detached with orders
to disperse the working party. The enemy prepared to receive the Ameri-
cans in a hostile manner. Major Tupper landed in good order on the island,
marched up to the works, killed ten or twelve on the spot, and took the re-
mainder prisoners. Having demolished the works, the party were ready
to embark, but the tide leaving them, they were obliged to remain until its
return. Meantime, a number of boats came up from the men-of-war to
reinforce those at the island, and a smart firing from both parties took place.
A field piece, under Major Crane, planted on Nantasket Point to cover a
retreat, sunk one of the boats, and killed several of the crew. Major Tupper
brought his party off with the loss of only one man killed, and two or three
wounded. Washington, the next day, in general orders, thanked Major
Tupper, and the officers and soldiers under his command, 'for their gallant
and soldier-like behavior,' and remarked that he doubted not 'but the con-
tinental army would be as famous for their mercy as their valor.' ' General
Washington caused Jefferson to refer to it as an instance of " the adventurous
genius and intrepidity of New Englanders." The British Admiral said that
no one act of the siege caused as much chagrin in London as the destruction
of the lighthouse.

In August, 1775, Major Tupper was sent to Martha's Vineyard to capture
two vessels, and on the 27th of September, headed a party of two hundred

150 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

men. This party "embarked in whale-boats at Dorchester, landed on G )V-

ernor's Island and brought off twelve head of cattle, two fine horses, burnt
a pleasure-boat just ready to be launched, and returned to camp without
loss of life."

November 4, 1775, he was commissioned Lieut. Colonel of Colonel Ward's
Regiment. He was Lieut. Colonel under the same commander in the 21st
Regiment in the Continental Army, and did valiant service. Januarv 15,
1776, he captured two vessels and carried them into Dartmouth. In May
and June he commanded a fleet of whale-boats which cruised al jng the coast
of Long Island, protecting "the western shore from Amboy Dam to Sandy
Hook," and giving information about arrivals of the enemy's vessels at Xew
York. He commanded a fleet of galleys about Xew York through the summer
and was stationed at Dobbs Ferry in November. General Heath in a letter
to General Washington, dated November 26, 1776, wrote that Col. Tupper
brought over the Hudson, the stores at Tappan, Slot's Landing, etc. "although
the ships fired a number of cannon shot at the boats."

From January 1, to July 7, 1777, he served in the Northern Army as Lieut.
Colonel of the 2nd Regiment, Massachusetts Line, under Colonel John Bailey.
On the latter date he was given command of the 11th Regiment. Massachu-
setts Line, after Colonel Ebenezer Francis had been killed at Hubbardton,
Vermont. He commanded this regiment until January 1, 1781, when he
was transferred to the 10th Regiment which he commanded until January 1,
1783. He was then appointed Colonel of the 6th Regiment and served until
it disbanded June 12, 1783. He was at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-8
and at the battle of Monmouth June 28, 1778, and had a horse killed under
him during that engagement. He was appointed inspector in General Pater-
son's Brigade in September 1778 and served as aid to General Washington.
In 1780 he superintended the stretching of a chain across the Hudson River
at West Point. He was brevetted a Brigadier General towari the close of
the war.

He represented Chesterfield in the Massachusetts Legislature after the
war and was a justice of the peace. He was one of the signers of the petition
of Continental officers for the laying out of a new state " we3tward of the
Ohio" June 16, 1783, and in 1785 accepted the office of surveyor of the north-
western lands, which General Putnam had given up. March 1. 1786, he
helped to organize the Ohio Company of Associates. He returned to Massa-
chusetts and actively assisted General Shepard in suppressing Shay's rebellion.
He removed with his family to Ohio arriving at Marietta August 9. 1788. He
was justice of the quorum of the first civil court in the Northwest Territory Sep-

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 151

tember 9, 17S8, and presided thereafter at every session but one or two until
his death. His biographer in "Notable Americans" credits him with
being the inventor of the screw propeller. He was a member of the Massa-
chusetts Society of the Cincinnati. He died at Marietta, Ohio, June 1792.

ADJUTANT EBENEZER BEMENT of Great Barrington served in
Colonel Fellows's Regiment and in the Provincial Regiment in May 177.").

CHAPLAIN SAMUEL SPRING of Uxbridge was engaged for service
in Colonel Fellows's Provincial Regiment, May 10, 1775.

SURGEON SAMUEL ADAMS of Truro was engaged June 28, 1775, as
Surgeon of the Provincial Regiment. In October he was credited to Captain
William King's Company in Colonel Fellows's 8th Regiment, A. U. C.

SURGEON ELIHU WRIGHT of New Marlborough served as Clerk of
Captain William Lyman's Company from September 13 to December 10,
1755. Later he was Captain of the New Marlborough Company in Colonel
William Williams's Berkshire County Regiment. He was engaged April 25,
1775, as Surgeon of Colonel Fellows's Provincial Regiment.

SURGEON'S MATE JOSIAH HARVEY of Granville was engaged for ser-
vice in Colonel Fellows's Provincial Regiment, June 8, 1775. He was exam-
ined and approved by the committee of Congress, at Watertown July 5, 1775.

QUARTERMASTER SETH HUNT of Northampton was engaged May
23, 1775, to serve in Colonel John Fellows's Provincial Regiment. His first
service- was as a private in Captain Jonathan Allen's Company in General
Pomeroy's Regiment, which marched April 20, 1775, in response to the Lex-
ington alarm. He w r as probably the same Seth Hunt, of Northampton, who
was appointed a Captain in Colonel Henry Jackson's Regiment, September 6,
1777. He was not included in the arrangement for consolidation April 9,
1779, and was reported "never joined."

ARMORER WILLIAM BEMENT (or BEAMENT). The name appears
in a list of officers to be commissioned dated Roxbury Camp, May 31. 1775;
commissioned June 7, 1775. His name was crossed out of the list. It was
voted in the Committee of Safety, May 15, 1775, that Mr. William " Beman"
of Colonel Fellows's Regiment, be "appointed by this Committee to act as
an armorer for the forces posted at Roxbury."

152 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

CAPTAIN JONATHAN ALLEX of Northampton, was in Colonel Jona-
than Bayley's Regiment at Fort William Henry, March 23, 1756. He was a
"Centinel" in Captain Israel Williams's Company from October 19, 1756?
to January 19, 1757?*. He was a Captain in General Pomeroy's Regiment,
April 20, 1775 and enlisted in Colonel John Fellows's Provincial Regiment
seven days later. He served through the year, and through 177(3 was a Cap-
tain in Colonel Jonathan Ward's 21st Continental Regiment. January 1,
1777, he began service in Colonel Rufus Putnam's 5th Regiment, Massachu-
setts Line, and on the 17th of the following May was promoted to the rank
of Major. He died January 6, 17S0.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM BACON of Sheffield was Captain of a company
in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men, April 21, 1775. He
enlisted in the Provincial Army and served through the year under the same
commander.

CAPTAIN JACOB BROWN of Sandisfield served as an Ensign in Captain
Jno. Chadwick's Tyringham Company, in Colonel William Williams's Regi-
ment, in January 1764. He commanded a company in Colonel John Fellows's
Minute Men's Regiment, April 21, 1775, and served for 1 month and 3 days.
He was probably the Jacob Brown who was 2nd Major of Colonel Mark Hop-
kins's 1st Berkshire County Regiment, commissioned February 7, 1776.

CAPTAIN ISRAEL CHAPIN of Hatfield was a "centinel" in Captain
Isaac Wy man's Company from April 15 to November 3, 1757. From Novem-
ber 13, 175S to April 11, 1759, he was in the same officer's company at Fort
Massachusetts and West Hoosack (Williamstown) . Later in 1759. he was
in Captain Selah Barnard's Company in Brigadier General Ruggles's Regi-
ment. He was a Captain in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment,
April 20, 1775, and served under him through the year. In 1777 he was a
Major, probably serving as a volunteer in Captain Seth Murray's Company
in Colonel Ezra May's Regiment. He was chosen Lieut. Colonel of the 2nd
Hampshire County Regiment, October 6, 1777, in place of Lieut Colonel
Dickinson, resigned. On the 16th of the following February he was chosen
Colonel of the same regiment in place of Colonel Ezra May, deceased. In
1779 he was in command of the same regiment in General Timothy Daniel-
son's Brigade.

CAPTAIN SIMEON HAZELTON of Hardwick was the son of^Daniel
Hazelton. He was in Hardwick as early as 1758, when we are told in the

♦Year not given in the original manuscript record, but probably 1756 anl 7.

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 153

"History of Hardwick" that he was a soldier in the French war although
the writer has been unable to confirm this by the records in the Massachu-
setts archives. He commanded a company of Minute Men which marched
on the alarm of April 19, 1775. He was engaged April 26, 1775 as a Captain
in Colonel Fellows's Provincial Regiment and he was commissioned June
7th. He was a Captain serving as a Cadet in Captain Timothy Paige's Com-
pany in Colonel James Converse's 4th Worcester County Regiment, in August
1777, at the Bennington alarm. He became involved in Shay's rebellion
and was obliged to leave the state. He settled at Sandgate, Vermont and
represented that town in the legislature.

CAPTAIN JOHN HOLMES of Sheffield was a Sergeant in Captain John
Fellows's Company from May 7 to December 5, 1759. He commanded a
Company in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men, which marched
April 19, 1775 and served until May 22nd. November 7, 1776, he was chosen
by Massachusetts resolve, wagon-master for the southern army.

CAPTAIN WILLIAM KING of Great Barrington lived in Sheffield in
1755, and was a private in Captain Elisha Noble's Company from September
15 to December 5 of that year, in the expedition to Crown Point. In 1756
at the age of 24 he was a private under Colonel Dwight, having left Captain
Burghert's Company in Colonel Worthington's Regiment. From March 3
to December 1, (probably 1760) he was an Ensign in Captain John Fellows's
Company. He was a Captain in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute
Men in April 1775, and he continued to serve in the Provincial Regiment in
May, and in Colonel Fellows's 8th Regiment, Army of the United Colonies
through the remainder of the year. Through 1776 he was a Captain in Colonel
Jonathan Ward's 21st Continental Regiment. September 29, 1778, he was
commissioned Brigade Major of Berkshire County Militia.

CAPTAIN ABNER POMEROY of Southampton was a Second Lieu-
tenant in Captain Lemuel Pomeroy's Company which marched April 21, 1775,
in response to the Lexington alarm. He was engaged April 27, 1775, as a
Captain in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment and served through the year-
August 16, 1777 he was engaged as First Lieutenant of Captain John Kirkland's
Company, in Colonel B. Ruggles Woodbridge's Regiment. In 177S-9 he
was a Captain in Colonel Ezra Wood's Regiment.

CAPTAIN ABEL SHAW. This name, appearing in a list dated May 23
1775, is evidently incorrect. Captain Abel "Thayer," as given in a list dated
May 31, is the correct name.

154 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

CAPTAIN MOSES SOUL of Xew Marlborough was a Lieutenant in com-
mand of a Company in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment .
21, 1775. May S, he was engaged as Captain in Colonel Fellows's Provincial
Regiment and he continued to serve under the same commander through
the year. January 1, 1776, he was appointed Captain of the Oth Company
in Colonel Asa Whitcomb's 6th Continental Regiment. He was dischai
(also given resigned) October 1, 1776.

CAPTAIN ABEL THAYER of Williamsburg was a Lieutenant in command
of a detachment, in response to the Lexington alarm of April 10, 1775. April
28, he was engaged as a Captain in Colonel John Fellows's Provincial Regi-
ment and he served through the year under him.

CAPTAIN EBENEZER WEBBER of Worthington was Captain of a
Company of Minute Men which marched April 20, 1775, in response to the
Lexington alarm. He was engaged April 27, as Captain in Colonel John
Fellows's Regiment and served through the year. In April 1776, he was
commissioned Captain in Colonel Seth Pomeroy's 2nd Hampshire County
Regiment. From December 17, 1776, to March 20, 1777, he was Captain
of a company in Lieut. Colonel Samuel Williams's Regiment. He was a
Captain in Major Jonathan Clapp's Regiment from July 10, 1777 to August
12, 1777. He also served as Captain in Colonel Ezra May's Regiment in
September-October 1777, and Colonel Israel Chapin's 2nd Hampshire County
Regiment in 1778-80.

CAPTAIN ROBERT WEBSTER of Chesterfield was probably the man
of that name who was a private in Captain Joshua Healy's Company in
Colonel John Chandler Jr.'s Regiment, which marched to the relief of Fort
William Henry in August, 1757. He was Captain of a Company of Minute
Men in General Pomeroy's Regiment, April 21, 1775. April 27, he was en-
gaged as Captain in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, and he served in that
command through the year.

CAPTAIN CALEB WRIGHT of New Marlborough was probably the
man of that name who lived in Harvard (son or protege of Thomas Wright),
who was in Captain Asa Whitcomb's Company in the French war. He was
Ensign of Captain Elisha Noble's Company from September 12 to December
5, 1775, on the Crown Point expedition. He was Captain of a Company in
Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment, April 21, 1775, and served
1 month and 3 days.

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 155

LIEUTENANT NOAH ALLEN of Sandisfield held that rank in Lieu-
tenant Moses Soul's Company in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regi-
ment, April 21, 1775. He continued to serve under the same commander
through the year with the rank of First Lieutenant according to the " His-
torical Register of the Officers of the Continental Army." January 1, 1770.
he enlisted as First Lieutenant in Captain Moses Soul's Company, Colonel
Asa Whitcomb's 6th Continental Regiment, and was promoted Captain,
October 1 or 2, 1776. He was re-engaged in Colonel Smith's (late Wiggles-
worth's) 13th Regiment, Massachusetts Line, November 14, 1776, and served
in that command as late as April 1779, and in the same regiment under Major
John Porter in August of that year. His name also appears in a list of men
in the 13th Regiment, dated December 14, 17S0. He was transferred to the
1st Regiment, Massachusetts Line, commanded by Colonel Joseph Vose,
January 1, 17S1. In May 1781, he was in command of the regiment tem-
porarily at West Point. He was wounded at Robinson's house and was
retired August 1, 17S2, according to the Historical Register of the officers
of the Continental Army," but returns dated from November S to December
6, 1782, show that he was sick at New Marlborough by leave of General
Washington.

FIRST LIEUTENANT CHRISTOPHER BANESTER (or BANNISTER)
of Chesterfield was a private in Captain Obediah Cooley's Company in 1756.
He was commissioned June 7, 1775, First Lieutenant in Captain Robert
Webster's Company in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment. He served in
that command through the year. April 5, 1776, he was commissioned Cap-
tain in the 2nd Hampshire County Regiment. He marched to Bennington
with the regiment in August 1777, and was commissioned 2nd Major of the
same command, May 30, 1778.

LIEUTENANT PEREZ BARDWELL of Whately (of Hatfield in 1755)
was a centinel in Captain Moses Porter's Company from April 1 to September
S, 1755; and in Captain Hezekiah Smith's Company from September 9 to
December 25 of the same year. From March 5 to April 2, 1757* he held the
same rank in Captain John Burk's Company. April 13, 175S* he enlisted
in Captain Salah Barnard's Company, Colonel William Williams's Regiment.
He enlisted in Colonel Israel William Williams's Regiment, April 6. 1759.
and was a private in Captain William Shepard's Company from June 24 to
December 4, 1761. He was a Lieutenant in Captain Israel Chapin's Company,
in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment, April 20, 1775, and served
through the year under the same Colonel.

*Year not given in original record.

156 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

LIEUTENANT SAMUEL BARTLET of Ashfield may have been the
man of that name who enlisted April 6, 1759 from Shirley, at the age of 19,
in Colonel William Lawrence's Regiment. He was a Lieutenant in command
of a company which marched April 22, 1775, in response to the Lexington
alarm. He enlisted April 27, 1775, as a Lieutenant in Captain Ebenezer
Webber's Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment and served through
the year. From January 1 to December 31, 1776, he was a Captain in Colonel
Jonathan Ward's 21st Continental Regiment, and January 1st 1777. he be-
came a Captain in Colonel James Wesson's 9th Regiment, Massachusetts
Line. He resigned March 6, 177S.

LIEUTENANT GEORGE BLAKE of Oakham entered Captain Simeon
Hazelton's Company in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, May 1, 1775, and
served through the year.

FIRST LIEUTENANT SAMUEL BREWER of Great Barrington (prob-
ably) may have been the man .bearing that name who enlisted from Rutland
in 1759, in Captain John Phelp's Company, Colonel Ruggles's Regiment, for
the relief of Fort William Henry. He was First Lieutenant of Captain Wil-
liam King's Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment,
which marched April 21, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm. He
enlisted into the army later and was commissioned June 7, 1775. He served
through the year in Colonel Fellows's Regiment.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JOHN HUBBARD of Sheffield was an Ensign
in Captain Lemuel Barnard's North Sheffield Company, in Colonel John
Ashley's Regiment, in July 1771. He was a Lieutenant in Captain William
Bacon's Company of Minute Men in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, April
21, 1775. He was engaged May 8, 1775. for service under the same com-
manders and continued in the same regiment through the year. According
to family tradition, he was wounded in the knee and applied for a pension.

LIEUTENANT JOHN HURLBUT of Alford was Captain in the Alford
Company in Colonel John Ashley's South Regiment of Berkshire County in
July 1771. He was Lieutenant in command, and the only commissioned
officer in a company in Colonel John Fellows's Minute Men's Regiment.
April 21, 1775. A part of this company did not engage in the service but
returned home after the enlistment of the army. He was probably the John
"Hulburt" who was First Lieutenant in Captain Benjamin Bonney's Com-
pany, in the 2nd Hampshire County Regiment, in March and April 1776.
May 8, 1777, he was engaged in the same rank in Captain Christopher Bams-

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 157

ter's Company, Colonel David Wells's Regiment, and marched to Ticonderoga.
August 17, 1777, he was engaged as Lieutenant of Captain Benjamin Bonney's
Company in Colonel Dickinson's Regiment (Lieut. Colonel John Dickinson,
in the 2nd Hampshire County Regiment) which marched to Bennington on
the alarm. He was again commissioned the same rank in tne same company
and regiment, under Colonel Israel Chapin, July 6, 177S.

FIRST LIEUTENANT OLIVER LYMAN of Northampton held that
rank in Captain Jonathan Allen's Company of Minute Men, General Pomeroy's
Regiment, April 20, 1775. He was engaged April 27, 1775, to serve in the same
rank under the same company commander in Colonel John Fellows's Regi-
ment and served through the year. In March 1776, he was chosen Captain in
the 2nd Hampshire County Regiment. September 12,1776, his name appears
on a warrant for pay as a Captain in Colonel Nicholas Dike's Regiment. He
was commissioned December 1, 1776, and served until March 1, 1777. He
marched from Northampton to East Hoosick. on the alarm of August 17, 1777,
in command of a company, "probably made up of three companies." From
September 20, to October 14, 1777, he served as Captain in Colonel Ezra
May's 2nd Hampshire County Regiment, on an expedition to Stillwater and
Saratoga. October 7, 1777, he was commissioned 1st Major of the 2nd Hamp-
shire County Regiment. On account of certain dishonorable reports con-
cerning his conduct at the time of the alarm of September 20, 1777, he was
asked to resign, and complied at once. On July 6, 177S, he was commissioned
Captain in the same regiment, under the command of Colonel Israel Chapin.

LIEUTENANT JOEL SMITH of Sandisfield served in that rank in Cap-
tain Jacob Brown's Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment from April
21, to May 7, 1775.

LIEUTENANT JONATHAN WALES of Northampton was engaged
May :3, 1775, for service in Captain Abner Pomeroy's Company in Colonel
John Fellows's Regiment, and continued in that command through the
year. In April 1776, he was commissioned Captain in the 2nd Hampshire
County Regiment. December 20, 1776, he was engaged to serve as Captain
in a regiment commanded by Lieut. Colonel S. Williams. He marched
August 17, 1777, to East Hoosick on the alarm of that date, thence to Pitts-
field and thence guarded Hessian prisoners to Springfield. On this tour of
duty he was a Captain in Colonel Dickinson's (2nd) Hampshire County Regi-
ment. September 22, 1777, he was engaged as a Captain in Colonel Ezra
May's Regiment. He was commissioned July 6, 177S, a Captain in the same
regiment under Colonel Israel Chapin.

158 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

LIEUTEXAXT JOSEPH WARNER of Number 5 (township) commanded
a Company of Minute Men, 'which marched April 21, 1775. He was engaged

April 28, as a Lieutenant in Captain Abel Thayer's Company, in Colonel John
Fellows's Regiment. -In April 1776, he was commissioned a Captain in Colonel
Seth Pomeroy's 2nd Hampshire County Regiment. He was engaged August
16, 1777, as a Captain in Colonel B. Ruggles Woodbridge's Regiment on an
expedition to the Northern department, and served until December 7, 1777.

LIEUTENANT GAMALIEL WHITING of Great Barrington was engaged
as an Ensign in Captain William King's Company, Colonel John Fellows's
Regiment, May 8, 1775. He was later promoted to the rank of Lieutenant
and served through the year

SECOND LIEUTENANT SAMUEL ALLEN of Ashfield was probably
the man of that name of Deerfield in 1759, who was a Corporal in Captain
Salah Barnard's Company from March 29 to December 29 of that year. He
was an Ensign in Lieutenant Samuel Bartlet's Company, which marched
from Ashfield, April 22, in response to the Lexington alarm. April 27, he
enlisted as a Second Lieutenant in Captain Ebenezer Webber's Company, in
Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, and served through the year. He was a
First Lieutenant in Colonel Jonathan Ward's 21st Continental Regiment
through 1776. January 1, 1777, he entered Captain Bartlett's Company
in Colonel James Wesson's 9th Regiment Massachusetts Line, and served until
he resigned April 12, 1778.

SECOND LIEUTENANT EVERTON BESWICK of Chesterfield was a
private in Captain Robert Webster's Company, General Pomeroy's Regiment.
which marched April 21, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm. He was
called" a Lieutenant in a list of the officers of Captain Robert Webster's Com-
pany, Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, dated May 23, 1775, and as Ensign
in lists dated June 10, August 1 and October S, 1775. He first enlisted in
this regiment April 27, 1775, as a private. April 5, 1776, he was commis-
sioned Second Lieutenant in Captain Benjamin Bonney's Company in the
2nd Hampshire County Regiment. He held the same rank under Captain
Bonney in the same regiment, under Colonel Ezra May in September-Octo-
ber 1777, and under Colonel Israel Chapin in July, 1778. He was also in
Captain William White's Company in the same regiment (year not given*.

SECOND LIEUTENANT STEWARD (or STEWART) BLAKE of
Oakham was a private in Captain John Crawford's Company. Colonel Jona-
than Warner's Regiment, which marched on the alarm of April 19. 1775.

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 159

May 27, 1775, he enlisted as an Ensign in Captain Simeon Hazelton's Com-
pany, Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, and served through the year.

SECOND LIEUTENANT MICHAEL LOOMIS of Egremont held that
rank in Captain John Holmes' Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Minute
Men's Regiment, April 21, 1775. He was Ensign of Captain William Bacon's
Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment in the' Provincial army, as
early as May 23, 1775 and served in that rank in the same command through
the year.

SECOND LIEUTENANT ABIJAH MARKHAM of Tyringham marched
in Captain William King's Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment
of Minute Men, April 21, 1775. He is credited in the records with a service
of one month and three days, but his name does not appear in a list of the
officers of the regiment, dated May 23, 1775. September 19, 1777, he enlisted
as a Sergeant in Captain Noah Lankton's Company, Colonel John Ashley's
1st Berkshire County Regiment, on the expedition to Stillwater.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JAMES SHEPARD of Northampton served
in that rank in Captain Jonathan Allen's Company of Minute Men in General
Pomeroy's Regiment, April 20, 1775. He was reported as having returned
home, May 3d, but his name appears in a list made up on the 23d of that
month, as a Lieutenant in Captain Jonathan Allen's Company. Colonel John
Fellows's Regiment. June 5, 1776, he was chosen Adjutant of the 2nd Hamp-
shire County Regiment. He was engaged July 20, 1779, as Adjutant of
Colonel Elisha Porter's 4th Hampshire County Regiment, to serve at New
London, Connecticut; service one month twelve days.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JONATHAN STEARNS of Northampton
was probably the man of that name who served as a private in Captain Phineas
Lovett's Company in Colonel Abraham Williams's Regiment in 1759, and in
Captain William Shepard's Company from June 27 to November 29, 1761.
He was a Sergeant in Captain Jonathan Allen's Company, General Pomeroy's
Regiment, which marched April 20, 1775. Seven days later he was engaged
as Second Lieutenant of Captain Jonathan Allen's Company, Colonel John
Fellows's Regiment, and served at least to August 1, 1775.

LIEUTENANT DAVID TULLAR of Sheffield was in Captain John
Holme's Company, Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men. which
marched April 21, 1775. As his name appears second in the list of lieutenants
of the company, he is placed in the list of second lieutenants in this article
although the title was not qualified in the original.

160 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

ENSIGN NATHANIEL CRITTENTON of Great Barrington was a
Sergeant in Captain William King's Company, Colonel John Fellows's Regi-
ment of Minute Men, which marched April 21, 1775. He served under the
same officers through the year, and through 1776 was Second Lieutenant in
Captain Joseph Thompson's Company, in Colonel Nixon's 4th Continental
Regiment. His name appears in a return of men enlisted for the month of
January 1777, dated January 25, that year.

ENSIGN SOLOMON DEMING (or DEMMING) of Sandisneld was en-
gaged April 21, 1775, to serve in that rank in Captain Moses Soul's Compar.y.
Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men. May 6, 1776, he was com-
missioned First Lieutenant in Captain Samuel Wolcott's Company, Colonel
Mark Hopkins's 1st Berkshire County Regiment. December 16, 1776, he
entered Colonel Benjamin Symonds's detachment of Berkshire County Militia.
as First Lieutenant in Captain George King's Company and served at Ticon-
deroga. This engagement ended March 15, 1777. In September-October
1777, he served as Lieutenant in Captain Samuel Wolcott's Company, Colonel
John Ashley's 1st Berkshire County Regiment, serving under Brigadier
General John Fellows, to reinforce the Northern army.

ENSIGN STEPHEN FITCH of Worthington was a Lieutenant in Captain
Ebenezer Webber's Company of Minute Men which marched April 20. 1775,
in response to the Lexington alarm. His name appears as Ensign in the
same Captain's Company, in Colonel John Fellows's Regiment, in a list of
officers dated May 23, 1775, but it was crossed out of the list dated eight
days later. July 20, 1777, he enlisted as a private in Lieutenant Abner
Dwellee's Company, on an expedition to Manchester. He also served twelve
days in August 1777 in. Lieutenant Constant Webster's Company, on an
expedition to Bennington to reinforce the army under General Stark. He
returned home via Northampton, conducting prisoners fron Bennington.

ENSIGN DANIEL KIRTLAND of Norwich was a Sergeant in Captain
Lemuel Pomeroy's Company which marched April 21, 1775 in response to
the Lexington alarm. April 27, 1775, he was engaged as Ensign in Captain
Abner Pomeroy's Company, Colonel John Fellows's Regiment. His com-
mission was ordered in the Council April 8, 1776, as Second Lieutenant in
Captain John Kirkland's Company, in the 2nd Hampshire County Regiment
and he marched with this company to Bennington in 1777. For the next
three years at least, he served in the same regiment; in Captain Bonney's
Company as First Lieutenant under Colonel Ezra May in 1777, at Stillwater

COLONEL JOHN FELLOWS'S REGIMENT 161

etc., and in Captain John Kirtland's Company as Second Lieutenant under
Colonel Israel Chapin, in 177S-9.

ENSIGN WILLIAM WATSON of Hatfield held that rank in Captain
Israel Chapin's Company, Colonel John Fellows's Regiment of Minute Men,
which marched April 20, 1775, in response to the Lexington alarm. April
27, 1775, he was engaged to serve in the same rank and under the same officers
in the Provincial army. He served at least as late as August, and in all
probability through the year. Through 1776 he was a Second Lieutenant
in Colonel Jonathan Ward's 21st Continental Regiment. From January 1,
1777, until February or March 1778, he was a Lieutenant in Colonel James
Wesson's 9th Regiment, Massachusetts Line, and from that date on, he served
as Captain. His commission as Captain was later made to date from Octo-
ber 27, 1777. He continued to serve in this command until taken prisoner
at Young's House, February 3, 1780. He was exchanged in December 1782,
and was transferred to the 3d Regiment, Massachusetts Line, commanded by
Lieut. Colonel James Millen. He-w r as on furlough in January-February 17S3,
but remained an officer in the regiment until June 1783.

SOME ARTICLES CONCERNING MASSACHU
SETTS IN RECENT MAGAZINES

By Charles A. Flagg

General. D. A. R. Mass. Report to 18th
Continental Congress, D A. R. (Amer-
ican historical magazine, July, 1909. v.
35, p. 340-348).

— * — Recent Mass. labor legislation. By
F. S. Baldwin. (Annals of the American
Academy of Political and Social Science,
Mar., 1909. v. 33, p. C3-66).

Barnstable. Barnstable vitil records.
Transcribed by G. E. Bowman. (May-
flower descendant, Apr., 19J9, v. 11, p.
95-100).

Part 13; began in Oct., 1900. v. 2, p. 212.

Barnstable County. Abstracts from the
Barnstable County probate records.
(Mayflower descendant, Jan., 1909. v.
11, p. 26-28).

Part 7; series be^an July, 1900. v. 2 p. 176.

Boston. Experiments in fellowship:
Work with Italians in Boston. By Vida
D. Scudder. (The Survey, 3 Apr., 1909.
v. 22, p. 47-51).

The new charter for Boston. (The

Nation, 11 Feb., 1939. v. 88, p. 131-132).

Old South Chapter, D. A. R. Re-
port by Sarah R. Sturgis, historian.
(American historical magazine, July,
1909. v. 35, p. 37-39).

The regeneration of Beacon Hill:

how Boston goes about civic improve-
ment. (The Craftsman, Apr., 1909. v.
16, p. 92-95).

A study of Boston. By a Boston

woman. (Outlook, 1 May, 1909. v. 92,
p. 42-44).

Bristol County. Abstracts from the first
book of Bristol County probate records.
Copied by Mrs. L H. Greenlaw. (New
England historical and genealogical reg-
ister, Apr.-July, 1909. v. 63, p. 133,

227-233).

Parts 7-8 (1696-1697); First three instal-
ments appeared in the Genealogical advertiser, De...
1900-Dec, 1901, — later parts in the Register.

Chatham. Chatham vital records. Tran-
scribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, Jan.-Apr., 1909. v. 11, p.

39-42, 119-121).

Parts 10-11; series be^an in Julv, 1902. v. 4.
p. 182.

Chelsea. District nursing after the Chel-
sea fire. By Katharine B. Codman.
(Charities and The commons, 11 Feb.,
1909. v. 21, p. 970-973;.

Deerfield. Great fights in early Xew
England history, III. The battle of
Bloody Brook By H. A. Bruce. (New
England magazine, May, 1909. v. 40,
p. 299-30.5).

Dennis. Records in the cemetery near
the railroad station at South Dennis.
Communicated by Miss Mary A. Baker.
(Mayflower ^descendant, Jan., 1909. v.
11, p. 11-1 of.

Dlxblry. Duxbury vital records. Tran-
scribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, Jan.-Apr., 1909. v. 11, p.
22-25, 77-S2).

Parts 7-S; series be^an Oct , 1906. v. 8. p. 23.

Gravestone records in the Cemetery

on Keene street, Ashdod. Inscriptions
prior to 1851. Copied by S. W. Smith
and J. W. Willard. (Mayflower de-
scendant, Apr., 1909. v. 11, p. 104- 106V

RECENT MAGAZINE ARTICLES

163

Di'Xbiry. Records from the Dingley cem-
etery, North Duxbury. Inscriptions prior
to 1851. Communicated by Mrs. T. W.
Thacher. (Mayflower descendant, Jan.,
1909. v. 11, p. 55-58).

Eastham. The records of Wellfleet, for-
merly the North precinct of Eastham.
(Mayflower descendant, 1909. v. 11, p.
73-78).
* Part 8 (1745-1750); series began Oct., 1902. v.4,

p. 227.

Essex County. Custom House records of
the Annapolis district, Md., relating to
shipping from the ports of Essex Co.,
1756-1775. (Essex Institute, Historical
collections, July, 1909. v. 45, p. 256-282).

Essex County notarial records, 1697-

1768. (Essex Institute, Historical col-
lections, July, 1909. v. 4.5, p. 212-220).

Part 12 (1732-1736); series began Apr., 1905.
v. 41, p. 183.

The prehistoric relics of Essex

County. By John Robinson. (Essex
antiquarian, July, 1909. v. 13, p. 97-
101).

Soldiers and sailors of the Revolu-
tion. Essex antiquarian, July, 1909.
v. 13, p. 126-131).
Names Broughton to Brown. From state rec-
ords. Began in v. 1, Jan., 1897.

Suffolk County deeds. Volume IX.

(Essex antiquarian, July, 1909. v. 13,

p. 112-113).

Abstracts of all re:-ords in "Suffolk deeds"
liber IX. rearing to Essex Ounty. Part 8; series
be^an with liber I in July. 1905. v. 9. p 97.

Hampshire Couxty. Letter from Hamp-
shire County to Connecticut Colony,
Sept. 28, 1693. Signed by Rev. Solo-
mon Stoddard and 13 others. (New
England historical and genealogical re-
cord, July, 1909. v. 63, p. 299).

Ipswich. Ipswich inscriptions before 1800.
Old Linebrook parish cemetery. (Essex
antiquarian, July, 1909. v. 13, p. 114-
116).

Lowell. The Whistler memorial. (The
Outlook, 9 Jan., 1909. v. 91, p. 53).

Marblehead. Parts of Salem and Mar-
blehead in 1700. By Sidney Perley.
(Essex antiquarian, July, 1909. v. 13,
p. 132-138).

A continuation of his "Salem in 1700 " of
which 35 nos. appeared in the "Antiquarian" from
Nov., 1*98 to Apr.. 1909.

Marlborough. Colonial records of Marl-
borough. Copied by Miss M. E. Spald-
ing and communicated by F. P. Rice.
(New Englandhistorical and genealogical

126, 217-226).
Parts 4-5; series began July, 1908. v. 62.

p. 220.

Marshfield. Records from the "Little"
cemetery at Sea View. By J. W. Wil-
lard, S. W. Smith and E. H. Whorf.
(Mayflower descendant, Apr., 1909 v.
11, p. 70-73).

Records of the First church, in

Marshfield. Transcribed from the orig-
inal records by G. E. Bowman, i May-
flower descendant, Jan. -Apr., 1909. v.
11, p. 36-39, 121-123).

Parts 1-2 (1696-1704).
Medford. A Medford incident. Rev.
Mr. Ames' prayer in the M. E. r Church,
Apr., 1861. (Medford historical register,
Apr., 1909. v. 12, p. 42-43).

The pump in the market place ;

and other water supplies of Medford, old
and modern. By Eliza M. Gill. (Med-
ford historical register, Apr., 1909, v. 12,
p. 25-41).

Mexdox. Ahaz Allen's record of mar-
riages, 1819-1831. Communicated by
L. A. Cook. (New England historical
and genealogical register, July, 1909.
v. 63, p. 273-276).

Norfolk County, Old. Old Norfolk

County records. (Essex antiquarian,

Julv, 1909. v. 13, p. 10.3-110).
Began in v. 1, Feb.. 1S97 Not the present
Norfolk County, but a countv organized in 1643, to
include the to.vns north of Merrimack River.

Norwood. Norwood. By C. M. Rock-
wood. (New England magazine. Jan.,
1909. v. 39, p. 606-613).

164

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Oxford. General Ebenezer Lamed chap-
ter, D. A. R. Report by Mrs. Sarah L.
Bartlett, historian. (American monthly
magazine, July, 1909. v. 35, p. 37;.

Pembroke. "Friends" burying ground,
Washington street, North Pembroke.
Gravestone records before 1851, copied
by J. W. Willard, S. W. Smith, E. H.
Whorf and A. M. Jones (Mayflower de-
'scendant, Apr., 1909. v. 11, p. 128.

Gravestone records from the cem-
etery at Pembroke Centre. Communi-
cated by J. W. Willard. (Mayflower
descendant, Jan., 1909. v. 11, p. 28-31).

Part 7 (Taylor-Witherell), series began in Jan.,
1907. v. 9, p. 3.

Inscriptions prior to 1S51 in Pine

Grove cemetery, East Pembroke. Copied
by J. W. Willard and S. W. Smith. (May-
flower descendant, Jan., 1909. v. 11,
p. 63-64).

Records from the Cemetery at the

corner of Water and Church streets,
North Pembroke. Inscriptions prior to
1851. Copied by S. W. Smith, E. H.
Whorf and A. M. Jones. (Mayflower de-
scendant, Apr., 1909. v. 11, p. 86-87.)

Plymouth Colony. Plymouth Colony

deeds. Transcribed by G. E. Bowman.

(Mayflower descendant, Jan., 1909. v. 11.

p. 15-18.)
Part 28 (1656-1657); series began in Apr., 1899.
v. 1, p. 91".

Plymouth Colony wills and inven-
tories. Transcribed by G. E. Bowman.
(Mayflower descendant, Jan. -Apr., 1909.
v. 11, p. 6-11, 87-9.5).

Parts 27-28(1651-1652); series began in Jan.,
1899. v. 1, p. 23.

Plymptox. Cemetery back of Congrega-
tional church, Plympton centre. Grave-
stone records before 1851, copied by S. W.
Smith, E. H. Whorf, J. W. Willard and
W. J. Ham. (Mayflower descendant, Apr.,
1909. v. 11, p.' 127-128).

Gravestone records in the Old cem-
etery at Plympton. Communicated by

J. W. Willard. (Mayflower descendant,

Apr., 1909. v. 11, p. 115-119).

Part 7 (Randall-Samson); series be ;an in July.
1906. v. 8, p. 30.

Inscriptions in Small pox cemeterv,

Plympton Centre. Copied by S. \V
Smith, E. H. Whorf, J. W. Willard and
W. J. Ham. (Mayflower descendant,
Jan., 1909. v. 11, p. 64).

Provixcetowx. Provincetown vital rec-
ords. Transcribed by G. E. Bowman.
(Mayflower descendant, Jan., 1909. v. 11,
p. 47-49).
Part 2; bejan in Apr.. 1907. v. 9. p. 100.

Salem. Parts of Salem and Marblehead
in 1700. By Sidney Perley. Esse< an-
tiquarian, July, 1909. v. 13, p. 132-138.

A continuation of his "Salem in 1700." of which
35 nos. apoearedin the ''Antiquarian from Nov., 1898
to Apr., 19o9.

Revolutionary letters written to Col

Timothy Pickering. By George Wil-
liams of Salem. (Essex Institute. Histor-
ical collections, July, 1909 v. 45, p.
286-292).

Part 6 (conclusion) ; series began in Oct.. 1906.
v. 42, p. 313.

Scituate. Records of the First Church of
Scituate. (Mayflower descendant, Jan ,
1939. v. 11, p. 44-46).
Part 3 (Marriages by Rev. N .Pitcher. 1707-1723) ;

series began in Apr., 190S. v. 10, p. 9U.

Sprixgfield. An American holiday. By
William Orr. (Atlantic monthly, June,
1909. v. 103, p. 7S2-7S9).
July 4th as observed in Springfield.

Truro. Truro church records. Tran-
scribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower

descendant, Jan., 1909. v. 11, p. 19-22).

Part 7; series be^an Jan., 1907. v. 9. p. 53.

Wellfleet see Eastham.

Worcester. Results of a dry year. (The

Survey, 29 Mar., 1909. v. 22. p. 301-

302).
Yarmouth. Yarmouth vital records.

Transcribed by G. E. Bowman. (May-

flower descendant. Apr., 1909. v. 11,

p. 111-114).

Part 10; series be^an in Oct.. 1900.

2. p 203

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THE OLD RAND HOUSE.

By Mrs. Caroline Rogers Hill

At the corner of Wellesley and Chestnut streets in the town of Weston,
stands a little, old gray house. It was built and occupied in 1696 or 1698
by Thomas Allen, but Thomas Rand is the first dweller, whose history is
known to us. On the day of the Lexington alarm, he, then a man of forty-
eight years, and his sons, were engaged in building the barn, which still
stands.* His son, Thomas, Jr., succeeded him.

r » -The daughter of Thomas, Jr., Clarissa by name, married a Mr. Henry
Robbins, a market gardener. They were living on the old Warren place in
Roxbury, when Mr. Rand found that the place required more care than he
was able' to give. Accordingly, he sent for his daughter and son-in-law. who
then came to make their home there, probably in 1832. The children were
Sarah, Oliver J., and " Grandma Hastings." The latter died in 1908, at"
eighty-one years of age, and was six when she went to live there. Neither
Oliver J. Robbins nor Sarah were married, and they lived together in the
old house until the death of Oliver J. in 1903, when the place was sold to
William H. Hill of Brookline, the present owner.

The- exterior of the old mansion is simplicity itself. It is needless to say
that the house has never been painted and that the clapboards, which the
present owner has been strenuously attempting to preserve, have for many
years been offering wood fibre to the hornets for their domiciles, and have
been wearing away from long exposure to wind, sunshine and rain. The
guardian trumpet vine relieves the severity of form and color, tempts the
graceful humming-bird to its bright blossoms, and later the young orioles.
destructive creatures, which snap off the blossoms and buds to get at the
deeply hidden honey.

* In "Lexington Alarms," Vol. 12, page 170, the names of Thomas Rand and Thomas
Rand, Jr. appear as among those who marched from Weston in "Capt. Samuel Lam-
son's Militia Company on ye 19th of April, 1775, for the Defence of the Colony against
the Ministerial Forces'* — and fought during the "Revolution."

166 . THE "MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Entering the house one comes into a little hallway only deep enough to
allow the door to swing back. At the right-hand a door opens into a good
sized closet; a narrow door on the left, into a smaller one. Directly facing
one, looking into the small closet, is a blind door, opening into the unique
feature of the house, a large dark compartment of the chimney. This is
coated with soot and redolent with the odor of hams smoked there many,
many years ago. The beams in this smoke-room are now coated with a
tarry-like substance. Upon looking up, daylight is visible through a small
flue in the chimney.

Before going further with the arrangement of the rooms it may be well to
explain the necessarily small space available for the front hallway. The
house is veritably built about its chimney, for there is but one, but this is
very large. Owing to its size, and therefore its weight, it is built on a rock
foundation level with the surface of the ground, thus dividing the cellar into
two parts, oblong in shape and not large. In the cellar nearest the barn are
several deep niches, faced with flat stones. I am told that these were recep-
tacles of barrels cf the favorite beverage of the New England farmer. At
the head of the stone stairs leading down to the cellar on the opposite side of
the house is a large iron staple, to which a tackle was fastened, for lowering
kegs or barrels to the cellar below.

A peculiar feature of the house is a little room, a sort of half cellar, which
leads off from the stone stairway half way between the ground floor and the
cellar. Its floor is lined with flat stones and the walls are fitted with
shelves. It was the old time milk room. Air from outside was let in
through a grated window. It is hardly necessary to comment upon the dis-
favor wdth which such surroun lings for milk would be met today.

From the front hallway a door on the left opens into the dining-room.
This is by far the largest room in the house. Two windows on the front and
tw r o on the southwest side let in abun lant air and sunshine. The fireplace
measured six and one-half feet across, originally, but this has been reduced
in size and a Franklin frame set in. The kitchen is fairly narrow, but occu-
pies the entire rear side of the house, excepting the space occupied by the
small side- hallway. Here the busy housewife, with her many labors was
busy. Here the men of the family discussed the stirring questions of the
day: fit candidates to represent them in the Great and General Court. Tax-
ation without Representation, the Declaration of Independence, and the
various phases of the War of the Revolution, Here Thomas Rand melted.
trimmed and boxed bullets before the fire. The fireplace originally was ten
feet in length and five feet in height wLh the inevitable brick oven on the

... * THE OLD RAND HOUSE 167

left. Over the door, which leads to the cellar, a long and narrow door opens
into a box : like closet -which projects into the cellar directly over the stairway.

A narrow passageway, lighted by three, panes of glass set in a frame, one
Niirectly above the other, opens from the kitchen and from this the stairs lead
to the floor above, a very narrow door opens into the parlor. This is on
the northeast side of the house, and is less cheerful than the large dining-
room and also smaller. The most interesting feature of this room is the
shutters which push back into the wall and were discovered by accident.
Their existence was unknown to one of the previous occupants who had lived
there from 1837 until 1902.

Passing up a few stairs of the hallway one comes upon a little room di-
rectly over the milk room mentioned before. This was undoubtedly the cheese
room, and above this is a little room six feet by six, exactly the size of the
cheese room and the milk room underneath. One of the steps leading up to
it has received the name of "The Secret Stairs," as the tread may be re-
moved and replaced, and the hollow space of the stairway used for secret-
ing articles of value. An early resident affirms that this was the purpose
of this stair.

Over the parlor is a large bed-room in which is a fireplace, as there is in
the parlor below, and over the front hallway is another little box of a room
used for a bed-room. The space over the dining-room has been divided into two
rooms. In these rooms, underneath many thicknesses of wall paper, news-
paper, silk and calico, a wide beveled panelling of richly colored pine was
discovered by the present occupants. The rest of the room upstairs is un-
finished, so that a generous amount of space on the second floor and at the
top of the house makes a typical attic.

The names of members of the Rand Family appear in the town records
as serving on the Board of Selectmen, as making repairs on the meeting
house and school buildings, serving on committees to examine the War Com-
mittee's accounts, and being active in all the affairs of the day.

Thus the old house is closely associated with generations of this family
and with earlier generations of the Puritan settlers. Its ancient rooms have
witnessed much joy and sorrow. Its dwellers have looked out upon many
thrilling scenes. Its builders and many who have made their home under
its roof, have long since gone to their rest, but the old mansion binds
them all together, and links them with the present. Its simple lines and
enduring strength fitly commemorate the strong and simple lives of the Past.

)(.%

ipprtoM of th|Amlriran31 jDoIutinn

Frank /VX»ar.dner,M. D. Editor.

State Sloop Republic.

The "Republic" was one of the five
vessels authorized in February, 1776. Her
name was reported by a committee ap-
pointed for that purpose and was accepted,
April 19, 1776. She was a sister vessel of
the "Freedom" and was built at Swanzey
at the same time.

Her first officers were the following:

Captain, John Foster Williams, entered
service, May 14, 1776.

First Lieutenant, Samuel Laha, entered
service, May 28, 1776-.

Second Lieutenant, Joseph Smith, en-
tered service, June 12, 1776.

Master, Isaiah Studson, entered service,
June 12, 1776.

Surgeon, Moses Barnard, entered service,
August 20, 1776.

CAPTAIN JOHN FOSTER WILLIAMS
was a noted commander in the war and this
was the first vessel assigned him. A full
account of him with the record of his ser-
vice in State vessels and privateers, has
already been given in this magazine in the
article upon the State brigantine "Hazard"
in v. I, p. 199.

FIRST LIEUTENANT SAMUEL LAHA
so far as the records show had seen no
naval service ' previous, to being engaged
for the "Republic." He was engaged May
28 and commissioned June 12, 1776.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOSEPH
SMITH was engaged and commissioned
on the same day, June 12, 1776.

MASTER ISAIAH STUDSON (or Stut-
son) was also engaged on that date.

SURGEON MOSES BARNARD of
Lancaster, served first as Surgeon's Mate

to Dr. Dinsmore, in Colonel Asa Whit-
comb's Regiment, entering that regiment
May 22, 1775. He was examined and
approved by a committee July 7, 177.'
His name appears in a receipt for wages in
Captain Fuller's Company, Colonel Whit-
comb's Regiment, for August-September,
1775, dated Prospect Hill. He was en-
gaged as Surgeon of the sloop "Republic"
August 20, 1776.

The following document relating to the
fitting out of this vessel is of interest :

"In Council, September 19, 1776.

Ordered, That Benjamin Austin, Esq. be,
and hereby is appointed and empowered
to provide the vessels of war commanded
by Captain Williams and Captain Clouston
with such stores, cannon, and other articles,
as may be necessary to equip for sea ; and
the Commissary-General is hereby directed
to supply the said vessels, out of the pub-
lick store, with such things as by said Aus-
tin, shall be required of him and William
Watson, Esq., of Plimouth, who has been
appointed agent to take care of the stores
belonging to the Rising-Empire. Captain
Walden, late Master is hereby directed to
furnish the said vessels with such articles
out of the stores of Brig Rising Empire as
he may be directed to supply by the said
Austin.

And it is further Ordered, That Benja-
min Austin be and is empowered to order
either of the above-named vessels to sail
to Plymouth, and take on board and trans-
port such stores and other necessary articles
there, to the Harbour of Boston."

Captain Williams was ordered on Sep-
tember 19th to sail from Dartmouth to
Boston, accompanying the State sloop

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

V!)

"Freedom," Captain John Clouston, "and
there to wait for the further orders of the
Council."

The following record explains itself:

"In Council, Oct. 1, 1776. .

Whereas Captain John Foster Williams
of the Sloop Republick and Captain John
Clouston of the Sloop Freedom, both be-
longing to this State, are in want of some
iron ballast that they may immediately
proceed on their intended cruise; therefore
the Committee for fortifying the Harbour
of Boston be, and they are hereby directed
to deliver the said Williams and Clouston,
out of the row-galley lying in Boston har-
bour, so much iron ballast as they may
stand in need of at this time for their several
sloops."

During this month Richard Devens de-
livered to Captain John Foster Williams's
order, "six Cannon, 6-pound £50 each,
£300,00:00."

October 5, 1776, Captain Williams was
ordered to cruise oft Xantucket in search
of a fleet of about 20 topsail vessels.
Shortly after this he captured the British
armed ship "Julius Caesar" with a valua-
ble cargo.

Reference to this ship and her crew was
made in the following order:

"In Council Chamber, November, 5, 1776
Ordered, That Captain Jno Foster Wil-
liams be directed to discharge from on
board the privateer sloop Republick,
under his command, as many of those
Seamen taken in the ship Julius Caesar as
incline and shall in fact enter on board
any armed vessel in this or any of the
United States, and those of them who in-
cline to go to Halifax be retained on board
the said sloop till further orders."

The value of the prize and her cargo is
shown by the following extract from the
records :

"By X* proceeds Ship Julius Caesar,
Sloop Republick, Williams, £ 2458 1:17:1."

CAPTAIX JOHN FOSTER WILLIAMS
commanded the "Republic" until Decem-
ber 5, 1776. From the 16th of that month
until February 17, 1777, he commanded
the State brigantine "Massachusetts "
He was in command of the privateers
"Active" and "Wilkes" in 1777, the State
brigantine "Hazard" in 1778, the State
ship "Protector" in 1770 and the ship
"Alexander" in 1783. His full record has
been given in the "Massachusetts Maga-
zine," v. I, p. 199.

The remaining officers of the "Republic
received their discharge from her, Novem-
ber 18, 1776.

FIRST LIEUTENANT SAMUEL
LAHA (or LAYHA) was commissioned
to serve in that rank in the privateer brig-
antine "Hancock," Captain Daniel McNeil,
Xovember 30, 1776. Later he saw service
in the same rank in the privateer brig
"Active" under Captain John Foster Wil-
liams. She was a vessel of 85 tons, fitted
out at Boston, in October, 1777. He was
captured in her and his name appears in a
list of prisoners sent from Newport, R. I.,
in prison ship "Lord Sandwich." He
landed at Bristol, R. I., March 7, 1778.
In the following year he was Master of the
schooner "Hannah," according to a list of
transports laden with provisions for the
troops at Penobscot, as returned by John
Lucas, Commissary, dated, Boston, July
12, 1779.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOSEPH
SMITH after leaving the "Republic" saw
no further service so far as the records
show.

MASTER ISAIAH STUDSON served
as First Lieutenant in the ship "'Rattle-
snake," in 1781, under Captain Mark
Clark.

SURGEON MOSES BARNARD'S
name does not appear in the records after

170

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

his service it; the "Republic" was com-
pleted.

The "Republic" was fitted out in De-
cember for a cruise to the West Indies,
with the following officers according to a
list in the State archives:
, Captain, Allen Hallet, engaged Decem-
ber 5, 1776.

Master's I
December 6, 1776.

CAPTAIX ALLEX HALLET had served
in August 1776, as commander of the pri-
vateer "Sturdy Beggar" of Salem. He
was engaged as Master of the State sloop
"Republic," December 5, 1776.

MATE CHARLES HALLET was the
only other officer mentioned in a list of the
officers on this cruise, in the archives.
October 6, 1776, he was engaged as Quarter
master of the State sloop "Republic"
under Captain John Foster Williams, and
served until November IS, 1776. He was
engaged as Master's Mate of the same
vessel under Captain Allen Hallet, De-
cember 6, 1776.

Details about this cruise are given in
the following documents:

"To the Hon b,e the Council,

The Board of War Having fitted out the
Sloop Republic Allen Hallet Master, navi-
gated with ten hands, for the West Indies,
mounting two 4 pd Cannon & ten Swivel
Guns, & apprehending it may be of Service
if the Master be furnished with a Commif-
sion for a Letter of Marque, do desire a
Commifsion for him as such.
By Order of the Board
Sam Phps Savage Prest.

The vefsell will have 10 bbs provisions
& 20 of Bread.

In Council Jan. 16, 1777.

Read & Ordered That a Commifsion be
ifsued out to Allen Hallet Comoft he above
mentianed Sloop, he complying with the
Refolves of Congrefs.

Jno Avery, Dpy Secy.

Jan. 15, 1777."

A note in the records shows that supplies,
not specified, were furnished the "Repub-
lic," January 16, 1777.

CAPTAIX ALLEX HALLET irsu com-
missioned September 12, 1777, commander
of the privateer brigantine "Starks," and
commander of the privateer brigantine
"America," December 24th of the same
year. He was Captain of the famous State
brigantine "Tyrannicide" from July 6,
1778, to April 30, 1770. May 1, 1770. he
was engaged as Captain of the State brig
"Active," and commanded her until she
was burned off Brigadier's Island, Penob-
scot, August 14, 1779, to prevent her fall-
ing into the hands of the enemy. Feb-
ruary 16, 1780, he was commissioned com-
mander of the privateer brigantine "Phoe-
nix," and August 3d of that year was en-
gaged as Captain of the State ship "Tar-
tar." June 22, 1781, he was commissioned
commander of the privateer ship "Frank-
lin" and February 28. 1782, he received
his commission as Captain of the privateer
brigantine "Minerva."

MATE CHARLES HALLET has no
further record of service. In the summer
of 1777, the "Republic" went on a voyage
under orders from the Board of War, to
Martinique, with the following officers:

Master (in command) Isaac Bartlett,
entry June 1, 1777.

Mate, Joseph Holmes, entry June 9, 1777.

Second Mate, Jeremiah Holmes, entry
June 9, 1777.

Seventeen others made up the crew.

CAPTAIX ISAAC BARTLETT (or
BARTLET) commanded first the State
schooner "Plymouth."

MATE JOSEPH HOLMS ior HOLMES)
and JEREMIAH (or JARXEAH) HOLMS
had neither of them seen any service pre-
vious to this on the "Republic."

A letter is preserved in the Archives
which was written from Port Roval, Mar-

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Unique, November 25, 1777, by G. Hutch-
inson the agent, to S. A. Otis, President
of the Board of War, announcing the. arri-
val of the Sloop "Republic" and giving an
account of the cargo and its condition.
The salmon were mentioned as "exceed-
ingly good" but unsalable there. "The
Mackarel were quite spoiled" and the
agent was glad to get rid of them at any
price. "The Master being dead & the
Mate confined to his Cabbin notwithstand-
ing the care that was taken many more of
the boards were used or wasted Head?
Beds & Coins than were necefsary. Most
part of the Staves were not merchantable;
many of them and the Hoops thrown over-
board on y e pafsage when they were
chaced. But as they were sold here in
Neat hundreds they fell but little short.
The Ox- Bows & yokes are very little used
by y e French. There were but 12 Setts
Trufs Hoops delivered me which the Mate
says was all that were shipped altho' your
Inv° says 24 Setts. I saved as much as
possible of the unreasonable Duties on
Fish, Molafses & Rum. This Latter was
obliged to clear out as the produce of this
Island & pay the Duty on it altho' it is
foreign rum. Cap 1 Bartlett had emploved
a Cooper immediately on his arrival &
Bought the Shook Hhds, & during his Ill-
ness, the Mate & all the other people were
sick on board, except the Cooper who was
employed in taking care of him, otherwise
he would have been of more Service in
making Casks for the Cargo. ... As the
Mate was so Dangerously ill that I was
obliged to send him to y e Hospital & still
continues in such an ill state of Health as
to be incapable of taking the command of
her to go on a winter's Coast I judged it
prudent to put in another Master.

Capt. Carey the present Master, came
to y e W. Indies about Nine months ago in
y e employ of the State of Maryland, was
taken by one of the non-commifsioned
Priv at and Carried into Antigua. He has

ever Since Commanded a Priv* out of this
Island & has Distinguished himxrlf ■•■
he is now returning home, I thought I
could not intrust your property ;n better
hands." He wrote that he had taken care
of Captain Bartlett's effects.

CAPTAIN CAREY is not mentioned
elsewhere in regard to this service He
may have been the Captain John Carey
who was commissioned commander ox the
privateer sloop, "Retaliation," March 18,
1778.

Xo record of the "Republic" has been
found of a later date than the above named
voyage from Martinique.

F. A. G

Heroes and Monuments.

The oft repeated statement that "Re-
publics are ungratefol" has been frequently
reasserted and variously explained. One
of the chief causes of this seeming ingrati-
tude in the opinion of the writer, is the
freedom of speech which we as sharers of
the privileges of self-government all enj >y.
This freedom of speech antedates our
national life-span many years. The
founders of these United States indulged
in it vigorously, long before the Concord
fight or the promulgation of the Declara-
tion of Independence. All through our
history it has been one of our most highly
prized and frequently used privileges.

Xo man who has come prominently
before the American people, has escaped
its attacks. Washington is today honored
by the entire civilized world, but no man
in his life time suffered more from its open
and often virulent onslaughts than the
"Father of the Country."

Thinking men must certainly regret that
indiscrete or misinformed public speakers
so frequently attack the memories of de-
ceased heroes, and obscure their deeds of

172

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

valor by their unjust accusations. A re-
cent unfortunate instance of this is re-
ported to have occurred in Boston on July
4th of this year when the Reverend Thomas
Van Xess, according to the daily -press,
gave utterance to the following :

"Can it be true" he asked, "that instead
of honoring today our revolutionary fore-
fathers, we should abhor the names of those
who brought on war and bloody battle?
If war is so costly, why not save the many
millions gained by peace and engage in
industrial enterprises? Honor, justice and
right cannot be measured in dollars and
cents, nor in human lives." He described
the type of man in whose memory he
would erect a monument, and deplored
the present position of some of the statues,
especially that of General Hooker, "stand-
ing in the grounds of the State House,
overshadowing as it does all other statues
in Boston by its commanding location and
expensiveness. . . . Boston is not alone in
this placing of the crown of enduring honor
upon certain insignificant and unheroic
men," he said. He deplored the condition
in the national capital where "the statues
of the war heroes are given the places that
should be given to hero patriots, and where
the man on horseback does not bring to
consciousness some struggle of an oppressed
people, as would the statues of Washington,
Wayne and Starke, but does recall a fratri-
cidal war. . . . This is the standard I would
have for our monuments," he said, "if they
are to mean anything worth while. If a
monument was to be put up to a soldier,
I would ask, first of all, 'Was there an
ideal element in the man,' as in the case
of Colonel Shaw leading the black regi-
ment, or was he simply a profane talker
a rough, ungentlemanly type of fighter
like 'Phil' Sheridan or 'Joe' Hooker?"

The writer upon reading this attack
upon General Sheridan, felt compelled to
make answer. Having met the general
socially, and given much study to the Shen-
andoah valley campaign, he felt that such
unjust words should not go unchallenged.
General Sheridan personally, was an affa-
ble, courteous gentleman, who deeply im-
pressed those with whom he came in con-
tact. If as a great leader of men in a
campaign, he appeared to our clerical

friend "rough and ungentlemanly," it
because he believed that his country ru
vigorous and aggressive warfare, and the
results of his forced fighting amply justi-
fied him in the eyes of his fellow country-
men.

Once before we have read derogatorv
words against "Little Phil," as his men
loved to call him. General Jubal A. Early,
his opponent in the Shenandoah valley,
in his "Own Story," also declaimed again t
him, and thought that Sheridan should
have been cashiered instead of promoted.
Sheridan} had defeated him and laid waste
the fertile valley which had been Early's
base of supplies, thus stopping the li -
astrous raids, upon the National capital
and outlying towns. The term "ungentle-
manly" is puerile and effeminate in any
such connection. The bone which he had
to pick with Early was not a disagreement
between members of a club at a smoke
talk, but a bitter, aggressive campaign,
upon which depended the safety, of the
city of Washington and the integrity of the
nation.

Sheridan saw that the only way to check
Early was to turn the fertile valley into a
desert and he did it and put an end to the
raids. We can well imagine what the
effect would have been of a polite ("gentle-
manly" if you please) request forwarded
to General Early, requesting him to desist
from raiding, in the name of humanity.
Sheridan was successful because he 'kne-.v
his man" and had the courage to go ahead
and crush him in the only way pos-
sible.

The whole country in the Spanish-Amer-
ican war, united in honoring General
Joseph Wheeler, the gallant leader who
had won renown in the Confederate army
by similar vigorous and energetic fight-
ing.

War is to be deplored and avoided when-
ever the honor and integrity of the nation
can be maintained without open conflict.
When, however, other means fail and war
actually begins, the men who earn the
nation's gratitude, are the leaders who, by
their courage, skill and aggressiveness,
bring the conflict to an end as soon as possi-
ble. Such men were Greene and Morgan
and Wayne in the Revolution, and Grant
and Sherman and Sheridan in the war oi
the Rebellion, and such deserve the stately
monuments of a grateful people.

F. A. G.

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 173

The Dedication of the Massachusetts
Bay at Valley Forge.

All loyal sons of the old Bay State will
rejoice in the completion and appropriate
dedication o£ .the Massachusetts $av in
the Cloister of Colonies of the Washington
Memorial Chapel at Valley Forge. The
members of the Massachusetts Society,
Sons of the American Revolution, have
honored themselves and the noble state
which they represent in carrying on this
work to a successtul termination. The
Bay was dedicated on Evacuation Dav,
June 19, 1909, the orator of the day being
the Reverend Lewis Wilder Hicks," A. M.,
Chaplain of the society. In his very elo-
quent address he said: "Massachusetts,
with the record made by her sons at Lex-
ington, Concord and Bunker Hill, has
reason to be more proud of none of her sons
than of those soldiers of her eleven regi-
ments who faithfully stood by the colors
during that fateful winter at Valley Forge.
The spirit shown in the writings of Col.
Brooks and Surgeon Waldo, — the spirit
that rose superior to adverse circumstances,
that denied itself, that was unfalteringly
loyal, that emerged from trial triumphant,
is something that should be forever com-
memorated. If valor which has had but
an hour to display itself is worthy of monu-
mental recognition, how much more worthy
to be remembered is that valor which holds
out through weeks and months of privation
and suffering! How eminently fitting,
then, it was that the Massachusetts Society,
Sons of the American Revolution, should
embrace this opportunity that was gra-
ciously offered to them to join with the
representatives of the other of the thirteen
original states in paying honor here to her
sons, and to the soldiers from the other
colonies, who, on this holy ground, proved
of what stuff heroes are made; and who by
their fidelity to principle, made possible the
independence of the United States! By

erecting this Bay in the Cloister of Colonies
we would testify both to the heroism of
those brave men and to the gratitude in
which the old state of Massachusetts would
forever enshrine their memorv."

The Reverend W. Herbert Burk, rector
in charge, is doing a grand work in arousing
enthusiastic interest in this chapel and it
is hoped that before many years have
elapsed he will see the completion not only
of the "Cloister of Colonies" but also the
Chapel and Patriots' Hall, "Porch of the
Allies" and Thanksgiving Tower. Manv
officers of the state society were present
including President E. C. Battis, Secretary
Herbert W. Kimball, Chaplain Rev. L. \V.
Hicks, Dr. Charles M. Green, Mr. Charles
F. Reed, Mr. William W. Pearson and
many others. The local committee was a
strong and representative one and their
entertainment of the guests was greatly
appreciated by all. F. A. G.

Fall Field Day, Massachusetts Society,
S. A. R.

The fall field day of this society will be
held at Salem on Wednesday, September
25th, 1909, at which time it is hoped that
the tablet to be erected upon the Jonathan
Haraden House will be unveiled with ap-
propriate ceremonies. The plans for the
day's celebration have not been completed
as yet but they will probably include a
pilgrimage about the city in the morning,
a banquet in Ames Memorial Hall, to be
followed by the formal exercises in the
afternoon with an address upon Captain
Jonathan Haraden by the president of Old
Salem Chapter, Dr. Frank A. Gardner.
Is is a matter of sincere congratulation
that the distinguished services of this hero
of the war for the independence of America,
are to receive proper and enduring recog-
nition. F. A. G.

(£ritm«*m $c (Jommntt

on Hoofy* anb ^tl]er Subject*?

Tenth Annual Reunion of the Chase Chase
Family Association.

A very successful reunion was held at
the Vendome in Boston on June 30, 1909.
Among the many good things upon the
programme was a valuable paper by Wil-
liam E. Gould of Brookline, Mass., upon
the "Early History of Aquila Chase; Emi-
grant." He said that Aquila and his
brother Thomas, came to Hampton, X". H.,
in 1639, in a vessel whose name is not
known. In 1640 he received a grant of
6 acres and 4 years later 6 acres more.
This land was near the marsh where the
fishermen drew up their boats near the
Deacon Perkins place, and the location of
Aquila's house is known by an old man
still living at the age of 90 years. Aquila
was a fisherman and this was probably
the reason of his removal to Newbury.
In 1646 Xewbury gave him 4 acres for a
house lot and a farm lot of 6 acres if he
would go fishing for four years. This lot
was on what is now the corner of Federal
and Water Streets in Xewburyport. He
lived here until 1658, when he sold the
place to one Moody, a maltster. It has
been stated that Aquila was a sea captain
going on foreign voyages, but he was a
shore fisherman and pilot. The story of
the pea-picking episode "on ye Lord's day"
has been variously embellished. The facts
are that Aquila was served with a writ for
so doing and smiled. As the writ called
him "of Hampton" a new one was made
out and he paid the fine. He moved about
1646 to Sawyer's Lane and lived until 1670.
The Reverend James DeXormandie, D.D.
spoke in his usual pleasing vein and told

many amusing stories about the candor of
his noble predecessor in the Roxbury

Church, the Apostle John Eliot, in his 1
and comments in the church re< r
Other addresses were delivered by the
President of the association John C. Chase
of Deny Village, X. H. and the Reverend
Dr. George A. Crawford, U. S. X. Retired.
Several excellent musical number.-, and a
poem "The Pioneer" by Mrs. Clara Ross
Dudley of Somerville, Mass., completed
the programme.

William Abbatt's "Magazine of History."
In the old days before historical periodi-
cals in this country were as numerous or
as highly specialized as they have since
become, Dawson's "Historical Magazine"
came pretty near occupying the entire
field; from 1857 to 1S75. Then came the
"Magazine of American History" which
flourished from 1877 to 1893 and was fre-
quently known by the name of Mrs. Martha
J. Lamb, who was its editor during the
greater part of its life. Since the decease
of the latter periodical there have been
many magazines attempting to cover our
country's history, and some of them are
with us today. Perhaps it is not generally
known that after the lapse of nearly a
quarter of a century. Mrs. Lamb's maga-
zine has a namesake continuing the volum-
ing of the original. This periodical, how-
ever, is of slight importance : scarcely more
than notes and queries. But the old "Mag-
azine of American History" has a real
successor in William Abbatt's "Magazine
of History" which began publication in
190.3 in New York. Valuable as it is in

CRITICISM AND COMMENT

/:>

the chosen field, probably Xew England
receives less than its fair share of attention
owing to the multiplicity of historical
serials in one section. It is rather the
"Extra numbers" issued by the magazine
that are of peculiar interest to us: one of
the several agencies now at the work of
reprinting old and valuable Americana.

No. 4 contains a reprint of "A plain
narrativ of the uncommon sufferings and
remarkable deliverance of Thomas Brown
of Charlestown in Xew England." Two
editions were printed in Boston in 1760;
this is a reprint of the second.

No. 5 is entirely devoted to reprints of

matter on the Pigwacket fight. This
Indian skirmish took place near Pryeburg,
Me., in \7'2.~), but not only was the reg
at that time in Mass., but the men eng
Lovewell's company, came from Dunstable,
Groton, Lancaster, Billerica and Haverhill.
The reprints include "The expedition of
Capt. John Lovewell. . . By Frederic Kidder
1S65;" "Historical Memoirs of the late
fight at Piggwacket, with a sermon . . . By
Thomas Symmes. 2d ed. 1725;*' "John
Chamberlain, the Indian fighter at Pig-
wacket. By G. W. Chamberlain, 1 -
also a collection of contemporary and other
illustrative material. C. A. F.

176

lltkrimsana planters

5X= ^ •*• 16 2 0-165 -S^-^

Lucie M. Gardner. A.B.. Editor.

Settlers About Boston Bay Prior to 1630.
(Continued from Vol. II, No. 2.)

About this time Blackstone moved across
to the north side of Boston Bay. David
Thompson seems to have come over to
New England early in 1623, bringing with
him his wife and a number of servants.
He (according to Samuel Maverick) settled
on a point of land near the entrance of the
Piscataqua River. In 1626 he moved
down to Boston Bay and established him-
self on the island which still bears his name.
Of the number of dwellings in the settle-
ments, except in the case of Merry. Mount,
we have no definite knowledge. At that
place there were seven, all men, and at
Hull there were several families. Thomp-
son, Maverick and Walford were married
and all had children. We have no means
of knowing the number of servants, but
there may have been in 1627 somewhere in
the neighborhood of fifty whites of all ages
and both sexes, dwelling in seven separate
settlements on the shores of Boston Bay,
according to the estimate made by General
Charles Francis Adams.

As long as Morton, "mine host of Merre
Blount" as he chose to style himself, was
content with amusements, there was little
t)ut the verbal remonstrance of his scandal-
ized Plymouth neighbors, to disturb him.
He was here, however, for trade as well as
pleasure and he adopted a fatal policy.
As General Adams says, "he provided the
Indians with the two things they most
craved, fire-arms and fire-water." The.
disfavor of his neighbors soon deepened
into alarm. The planters saw plainly
that either this illicit trade must be stopped
or the straggling settlers must leave the
country. Accordingly the heads of the
various plantations arranged a meeting
to take counsel for the common safety.
This meeting took place early in 162S, and
included the Hiltons from Dover, Conant,
Balch and Palfrey from Salem, as well as
those about Boston Bay. A messenger
was sent to Morton asking him to desist

from his dangerous practises, but he an-
swered unsatisfactorily, and ui
to carry things with a high hand. They
decided to send Miles Standish with a
sufficient force to arrest him. He was
taken prisoner to the Isle of Shoals, whence
a month later he was sent to England.
Three months after this, September 6,
1628, Governor John Endicott landed :n
Salem. The patent under which he came,
plainly included the whole region in which
Wessagusset, Mount Wollaston, Thomp-
son's Island and Shawmut were situated,
as the boundary was three miles south of
the shore of Boston Bay. John Endicott,
that typical Puritan magistrate, imme-
diately gave violent expression to his dis-
approval of Morton and his followers. He
crossed the Bay, hewed down the May-
pole and rebuked Morton's terrified fol-
lowers .

After this visit of Endicott, no mention
is made of these settlers about Boston
Harbour until the summer of 1629. On
the ship George, which reached Salem on
the 20th of June in that year, came the
Reverends Francis Higginson, and Samuel
Skelton, and several men who had emi-
grated at their own expense. Among
these were the three brothers named
Sprague, sons of a Dorsetshire fuller.
Instead of settling in Salem, they pushed
on through the woods to a spot on the
north side of the Charles River, where
they obtained from Sagamore John, a son
of Xanepashemet, permission to establish
themselves on a hill in the place called
Mishawum, where lived Thomas Walford,
a smith. The Spragues were soon followed
bv a larger party from Salem under the
charge of Thomas Graves, an engineer,
who was to "survey and set forth lands"
and "to fortify and build a town." In
the course of the summer at the mouth of
the Mystic, a place was laid out on a plan
approved bv Governor Endicott and a
large house built. This was Charles:
and it was intended to be the seat of govern
ment of Massachusetts Bay. The large
house, intended for the many who were
soon to come, became the Charlestown

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

177

meeting house. In the autumn of 1629,
about 100 persons are supposed to have
been living near it.

In the Tatter part of 1629. Endicott, in
pursuance of instructions from England,
summoned the settlers to meet in a General
Court in Salem. He informed them of
the general policy to be followed and pre-
sented certain articles which he and Rev.
Samuel Skelton had drawn up. Morton,
who had returned to Xew England, alone
refused to sign. He openly defied Endi-
cott and did all he could to breed discon-
tent among the old planters. Morton had
profited by past experiences and when a
party was sent across to seize him, they
found that he had escaped. He would
have been dealt with in summary fashion
if Endicott' s men had caught him then,
but the winter of 1629-30 demanded all
the Governor's care and thought. On the
30th of May, 1630, the much longed for re-
lief came, when the "Mary and John," under
Captain Squib, cast anchor off Hull. There
were on board 120 passengers, the advance
of that larger body of emigrants who had
embarked with Winthrop on the fleet at
Southampton, only two days after Captain
Sqtiib sailed from Plymouth. Captain
Squib doubtless knew that in landing them
at Hull he was not fulfilling his contract,
but land them he did and they were obliged
to shift for themselves. They rowed along
the shore and encamped at the spot since
occupied as the U. S. Arsenal at Water-
town and long known as Dorchester fields.
They soon removed from there and finally
settled on Dorchester Heights, now better
known as South Boston. June 12, 1630,
Winthrop' s company sailed into Salem
harbor and soon after went on to Boston
bay, where they landed and "began to
build their houses against winter; and
this place was called Boston."

JOHX BAKER, Charlestown 1629-30,
number 12 on the first list of inhabitants.
He and his wife Charitv were admitted to
the church, March 3, 1633. The General
Court allowed him 38 shill. from Mr. Clerk,_
7 Sept., 1630, for damages in a bargain of
cloth.

JOHX BALCH came from Somerset Co.,
England. He was born about 1579 and
came to Xew England with the Robert
Gorges Company in 1623. After Gorges
left he went in 1624 to Cape Ann, removing
to Xaumkeag (now Salem) in 1626. He

was one of the five overseers in 1635, and
on Nov. 25th of the same year was one of
the five old planters, who received a

of 200 acres each at the head of H
He lived in Beverly near the present . :
redge Crossing, where the house bu;'. I
him in 1(538 is still standing This is the
only original house of a Cape Ann planter
still in existence. He died in May, 1648.
His descendants have been numerou-. and
many of them prominent.

WILLIAM BLACKSTOXE was or,
the first to come to Boston Bay. Governor
Hopkins in his "History of Providence"
says that he had been at Boston long
enough, before the company of setl
came "to raise apple trees and plant an
orchard." He lived as we have air-.
stated on the western slope of the penin-
sula of Shawmut, opposite the mouth of
the Charles River. He subscribed toward
the expense of returning Thomas Morton
to England in 162S. He was appointed
one of the attorneys of the Council of Xew
England to put Mr. Oldham in possc
of his grant and to transfer the Council
grant to Thomas Lewis, gentleman, and
Captain Richard Boynthon. The docu-
ment signed by Warwick and Gorges was
endorsed by the attorneys, June 2^>, 1631.
Cotton Mather refers to him as a "goodly-
Episcopalian." He was granted 50 acres
of land near his home in Boston, April 1,
1630.

He removed from Boston in 163"), and
began a settlement in that part of the town
of Rehoboth which is now Cumberland,
R. I., on the banks of the river which
bears his name. Mr. Leonard Bliss in his
"Historv of Rehoboth." writes as follows:
"The character of Blackstone so far as
developed to us is one of peculiar interest
and singular eccentricity. He was one
of the few whose spirits are centuries :n
advance of the age in which they are sent
as though by mistake to take up their abode
on earth. Born at a time when religion
formed the whole business instead c :
mere pastime of life and finding the free-
dom of conscience so necessary to the en-
joyment of that religion whose native air
is'libertv, untrammelled by the shackles
of ignorance and bigotry, inseparable
companions, he left the land of his father-,
the friends of his vouth and the scene- :
his bovhood and sought an asyluni on the
stern and rock-bound shores of Xew Eng-

178

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

land. Here he found with the untutored
savage that right which the polished Chris-
tian had denied him, 4 Freedom to wor-
ship God,' and when this far otT retreat
was invaded by men stern and intolerant
and inheriting much of the bigotry of the
mother country, he uttered no complaints,
he provoked no quarrels, but quietly sold
his lands and again retired from trie face
of civilization and again took up his solitary
abode in the wilderness, and luckilv for his
peace, the tide of civilization had but just
reached him at the period of his death."
It was on the occasion of his leaving Boston
that he made the celebrated speech, which
tradition has preserved and handed down
to us: "I came from England because I
did not like the Lord Bishops, but I cannot
join with you because I would not be under
the Lord Brethren." Jameson states that
he died in 16 < 5.

WILLIAM BRACKEXBURY, planter,
was in Charlestown, according to Pope,
in 1630. As Putnam in his list states that
he was there in 1629, we include him in
this list. He applied to be made a free-
man in October 19, 1630 and was admitted
March 4, 1632. He was a town officer.
November 1, 1639 he sold his house and
later resided at Maiden.

REV. FRAXCIS BRIGHT was trained
-under Mr. Davenport and came from Ray-
leigh, County Essex, England. He was
engaged by the Massachusetts Bay Com-
pany, Feb. 2, 162S-9, to come over to Xew
England and preach to the company's
servants, to remian three years, and to
be free to return at that time, transporta-
tion both ways, maintenance and a salary
of twenty pounds per -annum to be pro-
vided. They voted in April, 1629, to give
him rive pounds toward his loss of wages
in England, his charge being in London.
He came over in the Lion's Whelp, arriv-
ing May 11, 1629. He preached to the
settlers and workmen at Charlestown,
returning to England in the summer of
1630. He was the first person engaged
for clerical service in Xew England. Mor-
ton states that he was a conformist, not
agreeing with those that were for reforma-
tion.

JOHN BURSLEY is said to have been
at Wessagusset in 1623. He was ad-
mitted as a freeman from Dorchester,
May IS, 1631. He was a deputy from

Weymouth, to which place he had evi-
dently returned, in 1636.

CAPTAIX ROGER (LAPP was born
at Salcombe Regis. England, April 6,

Pope tells us that he joined in the Church-
Colony organized at Plymouth, England,
in March, 1629, and came in the Mar
John, May 30, 1630. settling at Dorch- ter
He was a proprietor and town offi
1634. He was a Captain of militia,
authorzied to join persons in marriage
aad was appointed, August ID, 1665
tain of the Castle, where he remained _'l
years. He removed to Boston, 1686. He
died February 2, 1690-1 and was buried
in the old burying-place now called King's
Chapel burying ground. He left an i
biography which has been printed and
constitutes one of the most valuable me-
morials of the founders of Xew England.

ROGER COXAXT was born at Bud-
leigh, England, and baptized April 9, 1592.
He came to Plymouth about 1622 and of
his own free will left Plymouth, when Old-
ham and Lyford were expelled, going to
Xantasket. He went from that place to
Cape Ann in 162-5, having been invited to
take charge of the plantation of the Dor-
chester Company at that place. In 1626
he led the colonists to Xaumkeag and
founded Salem. The full account of his
great service to that community, and
the neighboring town of Beverly, which
he also founded, has already been given
by the writer in the Massachusetts Mag-
azine, Vol. I, page 177. Few men have
done greter service to Xew England than
this calm, persevering, God-fearing Puritan
leader.

EDWARD COXYERSE came to Charles-
town according to Wyman in 1629. His
name is 4th on the list of 13. He was a
juryman, 1630, and set up a ferry between
Boston and Charlestown, June 14. 1631.
He removed to Woburn and was a proprie-
tor there in 1640, a deacon and town officer
later. He died August, 10 1663, aged
about 75.

FITCHER, LIEUTEXAXT. was one
of the colony at Mount Wollaston about
1623. He was left in charge by Rasdell
and was ejected by Morton, returning ro
England.

MR. HUMPHREY GALLUP was one
of the first company at Dorchester in the

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

179

spring of 1630 and was a proprietor there Woburn, where he was one of the first town
in 1033. officers.

WILLIAM GAYLORD, Planter, is be-
lieved to have been a member of the first
church company which came to Dorchester
in the Mary and John in 1629-30. He was
one of the deacons of the church there.
His signature, together with those of the
minister and Mr. Rockwell can be found
on the earliest land grants. He was a
juryman in 1630, and later a town officer
and deputy. In 1636 he removed with
Mr. and Mrs. Warham to Windsor, Conn.

CAPTAIN ROBERT GORGES came
"about ye midle of September (1623) in
ye Bay of Massachusetts, with sundrie
passengers and families, intending ther
to begine a plantation; and pitched upon
the place Mr. Weston's people had for-
saken. He had a commission from ye
Counsell of Xew-England, to be generall
Gover of ye cuntrie." He had a council
and assistants and was invested . with
power to appoint others. Bradford tells
us that "The Govr and some yt depended
upon him returned for England, havinge
scarcly saluted ye cuntrie in his Gover-
mente, not finding the state of things hear
to answer his quallitie & condition. The
peopl dispersed themselves, some went for
England, others for Virginia, some few
remained, and were helped with supplies
from thence." Bradford then relates what
we have stated about Mr. Morrell, whose
going away he says was "in effect ye end
of a plantation in that place."

MATTHEW GRANT was born in Eng-
land, October 27, 1601, and came to Dor-
chester, probably as a member of the ori-
ginal Church Colony, in the Mary and
John in 1629-30. He was a made freeman
May 18, 1631. He removed to Windsor,
Conn., in 1635-6, and was clerk of the
church there.

MR. THOMAS GRAVES, Gentleman,
of Gravesend, England, was an expert
surveyor and engineer who was engaged
to come to New England in the employ of
the Massachusetts Bay Company. He
came to Salem with Governor Endicott in
1628 and removed to Charlestown in the
following year. He surveyed and laid
out that town in that year. He was made
a freeman May 18, 1631, and later served
on a committee to lav out the town of

THOMAS GRAY came very early and
is said to have purcha-ed Xantasket hi the
Indian sachem, Chicataubut, about . VI
The persecuted Episcopalian^ of Plymouth
found refuge at this place. When I
settlement broke up he went with R
Conant to Cape Ann and Naumkeag He
may have been the Thomas Grav
was living at Marblehead as early a- 1031.

JOHN GRENAWAY, a millwright at

Dorchester, probably came in 162'.> 30 in
the Mary and John ' He was a town officer.
His death occurred about 1652 or 3.

SIMON HOYTE, according to Fro*.:
ham, was in Charlestown in 1628-9. He
was made a freeman in May, 1631. He
removed first to Dorchester and later to
Windsor, Conn.

WILLIAM JEFFREY or Jefferies was
born at Chuddington Manor, Countv Sus-
sex, England. He was a Master of Arts of
Cambridge Cniversity. He came first
with the Robert Gorges Company to Wey-
mouth and when that settlement broke
up, went with John Balch to Cape Ann.
In 1626 he went with Conant and his party
to Salem, a letter dated April 21, 1629,
being sent to him at that place. While
there he resided at Jettrey's Creek, or
Manchester. He also gained possession
of the Great Neck in Ipswich, still known
as Jefferies Neck, prior to 1633. As late
as 1666, he claimed ownership and the
General Court voted him 500 acres else-
where, "to be a final issue of all claims by
virtue of any grant, heretofore made by
any Indians, whatsoever." After stable
government was established at Weymouth,
he returned there, but later, went to New-
port, R. I., and was resident there as early
as 1654. He died January 2, 1675. His
tombstone is still standing in the Newport
cemetery.

WALTER KNIGHT was one of the
Episcopalians with Thomas Gray at Nan-
tasket, and removed with Conant and the
others to Cape Ann in 1625. He went with
them to Salem and was living there when
Endicott came in 1628, according to the
deposition of Richard Brackenbury. He
had suits in the Essex and General Courts
in 1640 and 41.

180

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

WILLIAM LOVELL, Captain, of Dor-
chester, was one of the original church
company which came in 1629-30. He
had a suit before the Salem Court in 1637.

REV. JOHX LYFORD went from Eng-
land to Ireland about 1620. He came .to
Plymouth about 1624 and evidently stirred
up discord at that place. Bradford tells
us that, "Lyford with his complices, with-
out ever speaking one word either to ye
Govr., Church, or Elder, withdrewe them
selves & set up a publick meeting aparte,
on ye Lord's day; with sundry such in-
solent cariages, too long here to relate, be-
ginning now publickly to acte what pri-
vately they had been long plotting." He
was tried and sentenced to be expelled,
being given six months to prepare to go
"with some eye to his release, if he caried
him selfe well in the meane time, and that
his repentence proved sound." Bradford
tells us that he "acknowledged his censure
was fair less than he deserved," and that
he "confest his sin publicly in ye church,"
but when the time had expired he was
"so farre from answering their hopes by
amendmente in ye time, as he had dubled
his evill." Serious charges were brought
against him and the edict of expulsion
was carried out. He went to Xantasket,
thence with Conant, to Cape Ann. From
there he went to Virignia, where he died
before Oct. 10, 1634.

REV. JOHX MAVERICK of Devon,
England, M. A. Oxford, 1603, was chosen
one of the ministers of the church-colony
which came to Dorchester, May 30, 1630.
He was one of the signers in the distribu-
tion of lands. When the colony divided,
half of the settlers going to Windsor, Conn.,
he remained at Dorchester. Winthrop
states that he was "near 60, years of age;
a man of humble spirit and faithful in
furthering the work of the Lord here, both
in the churches and civil state."

MR. SAMUEL MAVERICK settled in
Winnissemet or Chelsea in or prior to 1625.
He removed later to Xoddle's Island,
where he carried on fishing, trading and
farming. He was made a freeman in 1632.
When the Indians were afflicted with small-
pox he did much good in caring for them.
He sold his land at Winnisimmet in 1634
and the mill, bakehouse and land on
Noddle's Island in 1649. He removed to
New York and became one of the commis-

sioners of King Charles II in 1664. He
took strong ground against the Ma Bay
Company. Jocelyn states that he
the son of Rev. John Maverick, and calls
him the only hospitable man in the colony.
Captain Edward Johnson speaks of him
as "a man of very loving and courteous
behaviour, ever ready to entertain strai
yet an enemy to the Reformations in hand
being strong in the Lordly Prelatial power.'*
He built a fort to protect him from the
Indians. In 1632 his pinnace was u-ed
in the hunt for Dixey Bull a pirate of the
Piscataqua. Drake writes: "It mav seem
strange that Mr. Maverick should submit
to so many indignities as from time to
time it has been seen that he did, a man
that Boston could not do without." He
was a gentleman of wealth and great liber-
ality. He wrote a description of Xew
England about 1660.

JOHX MEECH was in Charlestown,
according to Frothingham, in 162
We know nothing further about him.

THOMAS MORTOX, Gentleman, came
in 1622 with Captain Wollaston and about
30 servants and settled at a place on the
south shore of Boston Bay which they
called Mount Wollaston. After Wollaston
and Rasdell went to Virginia with many
of the employed men, Morton drove Lieu-
tenant Fitcher out and took the remianing
men under his own charge. They drank
to excess, scandalized the honest planters
by their misconduct with the Indian
women, sold liquor and firearms to the
Indians and lived a riotous life generally.
The settlers became so fearful of the con-
sequences of this matter of arming the
natives that they called a general council
at which representatives were present from
many of the settlements. As a result.
Captain Miles Standish was sent against
Morton and his followers. Morton was
captured and taken to the Isle of Shoals
until he could be carried to England. He
was taken to England, but Bradford tells
us that "he foold of ye messenger, after
he was gone from hence, and though he
wente for England, yet nothing was done
to him, not so much as rebukte. for ought
was heard: "but returned- v'e nexte year."
Bradford tells us that Mr. Allerton brought
him back "and lodged him in his owne
house, and for a while used him as a scribe
to doe his business till he was caused to
pack him away So he went to his old

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

1S1

nest in ye Massachusetts, wher it was not
long but by his miscarriage he gave them
just occasion to lay hands on him; and he
w as by them againe sent prisoner into
England, wher he lay a good while in
Exeter Jeole." He wrote a book which
was hostile to Xew England. When he
returned to Boston about 1644 he was
tried but allowed to go on account of his
age. He removed to Agamenticus and
died there about 1646.

MR. MORRELL. a minister, came with
the Robert Gorges company in 1623. Pope
tells us that he had been appointed by
the Council Governor for Xew England.
"He had power and authority of superin-
tendences over other churches, but made
no use of it; only spoke of it as he was
about to return, a year after the governor."
He resided at YVessagusset.

MR. JOHN OLDHAM came to Ply-
mouth in 1623. He was implicated with
Lyford in an attempt to establish episcopal
rule in place of the government at Ply-
mouth. Bradford writes that Oldham and
Lyford drew "as many into faction as
they could ; were they never so vile or pro-
fane, they did nourish Sc back them in all
their doings; so they would but cleave to
them and speak against ye church hear."
Various charges against them were proved
by means of intercepted letters. Oldham
was banished and went to Xantasket. In
1625 he returned to Plymouth for a brief
time according to Bradford. He went
to Cape Ann in the same year and later
went to England. Upon his return he
resided at Watertown. He had grants
there and also grants from the Indians of
islands in Xarragansett Bay. While on a
trading trip to the latter 'place in 1636,
he was murdered by the Indians. Brad-
ford tells us that his death was "one ground
for the Pequente warr which followed."

ABRAHAM PALMER came to Charles-
town, Frothingham tells us, in 1628-9.
He was admitted to the church in 1630,
freeman in 1631 and later served as town
clerk and deputy. He sent trading vessels
to the West Indies, and died at Barbadoes
about 16.13.

WALTER PALMER is also listed by
Frothingham at Charlestown in 1628-9.
He was a constable there from 1633 to 1636.
He removed to Seakonk where he held

several offices. He died at Souther-towne

in the County of Suffolk, about 1662, accord
ing to Pope.

HUMPHREY PEX came in the original
company to Dorchester in the Mary and
John in 1629-30. He removed to Wir.
Conn., where he died August 20, 1683

WILLIAM ROCKWELL of Dorchester
was probably another member of the
church colony in 1629-30. He was a
juryman and deacon. In 1636-7 he went
with the large number who moved to
Windsor, Conn.

REV. RALPH SMITH, a Puritan minis-
ter of a less rigid type than the promoters
of the colony, was permitted to come on his
own request. Pope tells us that "he was
allowed to come, on the consideration that
he would submit to such orders as should
be established, and that he would not exer-
cise the ministry within the limits of their
patent." He landed with his wife and
family at Xantasket in 1628. Bradford
narrates "here being a boat of this place
putting in ther on some occasion, he er-
nestly desired that they would give him
& his passage for Plimouth, and some
such things as they could carrie; having
before heard yt ther was liklyhood he
might procure houseroome for some time,
till he should resolve to setle ther, if he
might, or els-wher as God should disposs:
for he was werie of being in yt uncoth place
& in a poore house yt would neither keep
him nor his goods drie. So, seeing him
to be a grave man, & understood he had
been a minister, though they had no orders
for any such thing, yet they presumed
and brought him. He was here accordingly
kindly entertained & housed, & had ye
rest of his goods & servants sente for and
exercised his gifts amongst them, and
afterwards was chosen into ye ministrie,
and so remained for sundrie years." The
same authority writing in 1637, tells us
that "This year Mr. Smith layed downe
his place of ministrie, partly by his owne
willingness, as thinking it too heavie a
burthen, and partly at the desire, and by
ye perswasion, of others." He continued
to live in Plymouth for some time, and was
called about 1645 to take charge of the
church at Jeffrey's Creek (Manches:er
He became a member of the church at
Salem in 1647, and died in Boston, March
1, 1660-1.

182

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

CAPTAIN SOUTHCOAT came with the
church-colony to Dorchester in 16:29-30
and led the exploring party which went
up Charles River in search of a location
for the colony. He had been a soldier in
the low Country. He was either the Mr.
Richard or Mr. Thomas Southcoat who
applied to be made freeman May 18, 1631.
Both removed when the colonv divided.

The three SPRAGUE brothers, came
to Salem in the Abigail with John Endicott
in 1628. Endicott sent them in the spring
of 1629, to explore the country to the west-
ward, and thev made their wav to the
site of Charlestown. RALPH SPRAGUE
was a lieutenant, and a husbandman and
fuller bv occupation. He was made a
freeman," May 18, 1631. In 1630 he was
appointed constable of Watertown. He
served as deputy in 1635. He removed
later to what is now Maiden, and his de-
scendants have alwavs been prominent
there. He died in ' 1650. RICHARD
SPRAGUE was in Charlestown with his
brothers in 1629. He was a Lieutenant,
was made a freeman in 1631 and a town
officer. He and his wife were members of
the church in Boston in 1630, and the
Charlestown church at the time of its or-
ganization in 1632. He died November
25, 166S, aged 63. In addition to the
bequests to his wife and relatives, he left
money to Harvard College and the church
at Charlestown. He had no children.
WILLIAM SPRAGUE the third brother
came to Charlestown and later removed
to Hingham. He was a proprietor and
town officer. His death occurred Octo-
ber 26, 1675.

NICHOLAS STOWERS, according to
Frothingham, was in Charlestown in
1628-9. He was a member of the church
in Boston in 1630, residing at Charlestown,
and an original member of the Charlestown
church in 1632. He died 17(3) 1646.

JOHN STRICKLAND, STICKLAND
or STICKLING was in Charlestown in
1629-30. He removed to Watertown in
1630. He served on the jury and was
made a freeman in 1631. He removed to
Wethersfield, Conn.

JOHN STRONG, a tanner, was a mem-
ber of the church-colony at Dorchester
in 1629-30, coming over in the Mary and
John. He removed to Taunton, where

he was a constable in 1638 and a juryman
in 1640. He removed to Windsor I i i

and about 1659 moved to Northampton
He served the church here as ruling
elder. He died 14 April, 1690

MR. STEPHEN TERRE came in the
Mary and John to Dorchester in 16_".*-:;<i
He was a freeman in L631 and a constable
in 1635. He removed to Windsor, Conn ,
and later to Hadley.

MR. DAVID THOMPSON, according
to Hubbard, was a fish-monger of London
who came over in 1623 to begin a planta-
tion at the mouth of the Piscataqua B
In 1626 he came to Boston Bay and took
possession of Trevour's Island. He did
not live long and in 1648 upon presentation
of the facts to the general Court, the island
was granted to his son John.

MR. JOHN TILLIE came to Dorchester
in the first company in 1629-30. Pope
states that he evidently died soon, and
the house which had been his was ordered
to be repaired.

WILLIAM TREVOUR (TREVORE)
came in the Mayflower and visited Boston
Bay with an exploring party from Ply-
mouth as already related. Bradford in
his list of the Mavflower passengers writes
of him as "a seaman hired to stay a year
here in this country" and states that when
his time was up he returned to England

THOMAS WALFORD came to Charles-
town in 162S or before, and Pope tells us
that he was living in a thatched and palis-
adoed house on the arrival of the Spragues.
He incurred the displeasure of the author-
ities in some way and was ordered to pay
a fine which he did by killing a wolf. H:s
offence was described as "contempt of
authority and for confronting orr.cers."
His goods were sequestrated for debts,
Sept. 3, 1633. He died in New Hampshire.

REV. JOHN WARHAM was ordained
at Silferton, Devon, May 23. 1619. He
was one of the two ministers who came
with the colony to Dorchester in the Mary
and John in May, 1630. He settled at
Mattapan, soon after this called Dorchester.
He was made a freeman in 1631. In 1635-6
he removed with half of the colony to
Windsor, Conn. Pope writes of him that
he was "a man of great strength of charac-
ter, and deserves much praise for his con-

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

l&i

secration and service in laying the founda-
tions of two commonwealths." He died
April 1, 1670.

MR. THOMAS WESTON, a citizen
and merchant of London, who assisted
the Pilgrims of Plymouth at first but in
1622 became a rival and sent over a company
to Wessagussus (Weymouth), consisting
of about 60 men and 19 women. It re-
sulted in a miserable failure and according
to Morton was entirely abandonned after
a vear. He came over again in the follow-
ing year, and got into difficulties with
Robert Gorges, who regarded Weston as a
interloper. Weston later went to Virginia
and later "dyed at Bristoll, in ye time of
the warrs, of ve sicknes in yt place." (Brad-
ford.)

CAPTAIN WOLLASTOX, the founder
of the colony at Mount Wollaston, came
about 1623. He was called a "man of
pretie parts" by Bradford. When the
colony failed, he took many of the servants
and went to Virginia. He evidently re-
turned and had a conditional grant of land
at Scituate in 1640.

In closing we may profitably make a
general review of these settlements in
eight distinct localities by these nearly
fifty men whom we have named, all of
whom came before Winthrop in 1630.

They were divided in localities as follows:

Charlestown, 15.

Wessagusset or Weymouth, 5.

Shawmut, 1.

Dorchester, 15.

Nantasket, 6.

Mount Wollaston, 4.

Winnisimmet, 1.

Trevore's or Thompson's -Island, 2.

Deducted for a name counted twice, 1,
as Simon Hoyte was at both Charlestown
and Dorchester.

We have already shown in the biograph-
ical sketches, that many of these men were
here in Boston Bay for a short time only,
and that upon the breaking up of the par-
ticular settlement with which they were
connected, they either removed to Ply-
mouth, Salem ' or "Virginia, where they
believed that they would have larger oppor-
tunities for success, or returned to England.
Of those who did remain we are able to
name 32 whose records we have given, and
who were distributed as follows: 14 men
at Charlestown; 1 at Shawmut; 15 at Dor-

chester; 1 at either Winnisimmet or . Noddle's
Island; and 1 at Thompson's Island.
Many of these men had families, and some
of them many servants, so that Governor
Winthrop, when he sailed into Boston
Bay in 1630, came not to the howling
wilderness which some have pictured but
to a comparatively sizeable colony under
a competent Governor, John Endicott.
who from the seat of government at Salem,
had execrised the authority which had
been given to him by the officers of the
company in England, over this entire
territory. This authority he abundantly
demonstrated when he visited Merry
Mount and hewed down the May pole, and
when he approved of the plan of Graves
in laying out Charlestown.

It is indeed fitting that we should honor
todav these men, who coming to a wilder-
ness inhabited by savages, had prepared
a place for the large company who were
to lay the substantial foundation for the
noble metropolis of Xew England.

Gardner Family Reunion.

The third reunion of this association
was held at Salem, June 23d, 1909. Owing
to the excessive heat is was decided to
omit the pilgrimage about the city and
cars were taken to the Willows. Basket
lunch was served at noon, followed by the
business meeting of the association. The
officers were reelected for the ensuing year
and the annual reports were read and
accepted.

The address of the afternoon was de-
livered bv the president of the association.
Dr. Frank A. Gardner, upon the ••Gardner-
Families of Xew England, Prior to 1,20."
An accountof the original emigrant ancestor
in each of nine separate families was given.
together with important facts about each
of the families, such as their geographical
distribution, names and records of promi-
nent descendants and other interesting
facts. As the address will be published in
full in a later number of this magazine, no
extended notes from it will be given at
this time. Other speakers were Sergeant
John P. Hodgkins, of Winthrop: Mr. How-
ard P. Gardner, of Marblehead and Mr.
Stephen W. Gardner of Salem. Letters
were read from many Gardners who were
unable to be present. After the meeting
manv of those present went on a sail about
the harbor in a large motor boat, passing

• 'V;..','

184

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

the summer home of President Taft, skirt-
ing the North Shore to Manchester and then
across the harbor to the beautiful inner
harbor of Marblehead. The party then
returned to the Willows and took cars for
home.

Gloucester Day, 1909.

The reproduction in the near future of
the Old Planters House upon the original
site at Stage Fort Park, Gloucester, is, we
are pleased to note, practically assured.
The Gloucester Day Committee have voted
to devote the proceeds of the pageant to
that praiseworthy object. It is the plan
of those interested to have a meeting place
in the building for historical societies and
to have various memorial rooms furnished
by the Conants, Woodburys, Balches,
Gardners and descendants of the old
planters.

Great praise is due the committee having
this cele oration in charge for the magnifi-
cent pageant which they produced on the
4th of August in honor of President Taft.
Owing to the delayed passage of the tariff
bill, the President was unfortunately de-
tained in Washington, but otherwise the
celebration was a marked success. A large
military, naval and civic parade was held
in the afternoon and the beautiful harbor
was made attractive by the presence of a
large fleet of naval vessels, including the
famous flagships of Admirals Farragut
and Dewey, the "Hartford" and the" Olym-
piad' The new scout ships "Salem" and
"Chester" were also there with the "Chi-
cago" and the "Tonopah."

The great feature of the celebration was
the evening pageant at Stage Fort Park.
The Coburn players assisted by a very
large company of adults and children of
Gloucester produced "The Canterbury
Pilgrims," under the direction of Mr. Eric
Pape. The whole conception of this out
door spectacle was grand and it was pro-
duced with the accuracy of detail in the
matter of costumes and scenery so charac-
teristic of Mr. Pape. The vast audience
of nearly 20,000 people was a wonderful
sight in itself and the display of fireworks
was especially pleasing to the eye.

A motor boat party under the auspices
of the Old Planters Society left Salem at
noon returning at midnight, giving the
members an excellent opportunity of view-
ing both the war ships and the pageant.

The Roger Conant Monument.

An effort is being made by Glow
people to have the statue of Roger Conant
which is being executed by Kitson, ere t<
in Stage Fort Park, Gloucester, instea .

at Salem as originally planned, notwith-
standing the fact that they already have
the tablet which was placed on the boulder
in 1907 and are to erect in the park, a fac-
simile of the original Planters h
There can be no doubt as to the appro-
priateness of that site for the house, but
many of the descendants of the upright
and peaceful leader believe that the proper
place tor the statue is Salem, and give the
following reasons for their belief:

1. Salem was a place of his own selec-
tion and he obtained permission to transfer
the colony there. He himself bargained
with the Indians for the land and chose a
place on the southern side of the Xaum-
keag river for the purpose of avoiding com-
plications on account of the Gorges claims.
In contrast with the above: he did not
select the site at Stage Fort Point in Glou-
cester. He was invited to come there and
take charge, after they had been there a
year or more. We know that he was
greatly dissatisfied with the place and
personally chose the site in Salem to which
he led the planters.

2. He spent most of the years of a very
long life within the original borders of the
town which he founded, while he was at
the Gloucester site only one brief year.
He was very prominent in Salem and' was
honored with all the emoluments of office
which his appreciative associates could
give him.

3. The magnitude of his work should
be kept constantly before the people of
Salem, as there has' always been a tendency
to extol the work of the able and energetic
Puritan-militant — John Endicott — who
came in 1628, and to overlook the invalu-
able labors of the equally able but con-
ciliatory leader — Roger Conant — who led
the planters to Salem in 1626 and was
their mainstay during the following hard
years. If our object is to emphazise his
work, Salem is in the opinion of the writer
bv far the better site.

' 4. Memorials should be distributed to
accomplish their design of disseminating
knowledge. There is no lesson of the life of
Roger Conant which could not be brought
out in the memorial reproduction of the

;

PILGRIMS AND PLANTERS

185

Old Planters House which is to be erected
at Gloucester, and the tablet which is
already there, while as stated above there
is a great need of bringing before the public
the great work which he did at Salem.

.5. If three memorials are to be erected,
all of which will bring prominently before
the people, the work which Roger Conant
did, at least one of them should be set up in
a public place in Salem, a city visited every
year by thousands who come from all over
the world. The number of such pilgrims
is increasing each year, making the edu-
cational advantage of such a statue, enor-
mous. By all means let it be placed near
the scene of his great work that all men
may know what he accomplished and how
much we owe to his memorv.

Brockton, Mass., secretary and treasurer,
Mrs. Edith I. Gushing, Mi'ddleboro. Ma i ;
historian, Mrs. Sarah S. Bartlet, 617
Warren St.; Roxburv.

Meeting of Descendants of Robert Bartlett,
First, at Plymouth, Mass., in August.

The second annual reunion of the De-
scendants of Robert Bartlett, First, will
be held at White Horse Beach, Manomet,
Plymouth, Mass., August 27, 1909. Man-
omet is a charming section of the historic
old town of Plymouth, and White Horse
Beach is the finest of Plymouth's fine
beaches and only a minute's walk from
Hotel Crescent where the meeting will be
held.

Robert Bartlett came to Plymouth in
the ship Ann in 1623, He married in
162S, Mary, a daughter of Richard Warren,
one of the Mayflower Pilgrims who came
in 1620, and lived and died in Manomet,
where his possessions were. The estate
has been known as the Bartlett farm from
that time and has been in possession of
the Bartlett family continuously to the
present. The house built in 1680 is still
standing.

All persons who can trace their ancestry
to Robert Bartlett, First, are cordially in-
vited to be present and assist in making the
occasion interesting and profitable. It is
hoped that many will attend and remain
over Saturday to visit points of historic in-
terest in the town. The morning of Friday,
August 27, will be devoted to the reception
of members, registration and social reunion.
Dinner will be served at the headquarters,
Hotel Crescent, at 1.30, after which the ex-
ercises and business meeting will follow.

The officers are: President, Luicus W.
Bartlett, Hartford, Conn. ; first Vice presi-
dent, David L. Bodfish, Palmer, Mass.;
second vice president, John A. Bartlet,

Putnam Reunion.

The seventh annual reunion of the Put-
nam Association of Western Xew York was
held at Seneca Park, Rochester, Aug 12,
about eighty being present from various
parts of the state.

After a bounteous dinner the assembly
resolved itself into a more social affair than
usual, omitting a part of the program,
which consisted of papers by Miss Cornelia
Moore of Erie, Penn., Mrs. Erastus Put-
nam of Elizabeth, Xew Jersey, Mrs. Mae
Holland of Rochester, X. Y., and one from
Eben Putnam of Boston, the historian of
the family in England and America.

H. W. Putnam of Rochester showed a
document, yellow with age, which was a
commission to Joshua Putnam of Danvers,
Mass., in 1808, appointing him ensign in
the Militia of Massachusetts, also a letter
written to Deacon Daniel Putnam in 1769
by his brother Aaron. It was sealed with
wafers, there having been no envelopes in
those days, and bore the words, "postage
clear," which meant it was prepaid, as
there were also no stamps at that early
date.

Letters of regret were received from
Massachusetts, Xew Hampshire, Xew Jer-
sey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Montana, Col-
orado, Michigan and Vermont.

Officers for the coming year were elected
as follows: Pres., D. C. 'Putnam, Lyons;
V. Pres., L. D. Pollock, Xewark: Treas.,
Daniel Phillips, Sodus Point; Sec. Sarah
J. Higgins, Sodus Point; Hist., Ophelia M.
Cogswell. Williamson.

Xext meeting at the home of the presi-
dent, D. C. Putnam, in Lyons, on the sec-
ond Thursdav in August, 1910.

Meeting of the Old Planters Society.
The Annual Fall outing of the Old Plant-
ers Society will be held in Marblehead on
Thursdav* September 16. The formal
exercises' will be held at the new headquar-
ters of the Marblehead Historical Society
in the Lee Mansion at three-thirty when
an address will be given by Mr. Xathan P.
Sanborn, president'of the local society, on
Col. Jeremiah Lee. At the conclusion of
the meeting, the partv will enjoy a ba-ket
lunch at Castle Rock, 'Marblehead Xeck.

f XU

0ur!EibU0naT TP&t±t^

Rev. Xhomas Franklin Waters.

IX my summer rambles, a few years ago,
I came to the town of Henniker, Xew
Hampshire, on the afternoon of Old
Home Week, when the public exercises
were held. A large and enthusiastic gath-
ering crowded the Hall, felicitous addresses
were made, the songs of the old time were
sung, and a fine spirit of love and loyalty
to the old home town pervaded the whole
exercise. In the evening, other public fes-
tivities found place, and the groups of old
friends on the hotel piazza were in a quan-
dary as to whether the prospective pleas-
ure of the larger gathering would exceed
the delight of the present moment.

Walking up the pleasant street, I found
that Henniker had been generously re-
membered with a library and other public
institutions by those who had gorte out
from the quiet town to make elsewhere
their home and fortune, and it seemed a
very natural sequence of events. The
generous remembrance of the public needs
of the town by these broad minded and
devoted individuals must have inspired
the general enthusiasm, which brought
many of the sons and daughters from dis-
tant homes and gave such unction to their
gatherings; and the Old Home celebrations
in turn were likely to bring forth in the
future further gifts for the general good.

It would be of exceeding profit to all our
Massachusetts towns and villages, if the
natural affection of multitudes for their
old home were touched and appealed to, by
the regular observance of Old Home Week.
Every town rejoices in the careers of her
fortunate and successful sons and daugh-
ters. The return of these favored ones to
the homes and haunts of their childhood,
the renewing of the old friendships, their
sincere and unaffected delight in the re-
union, is a bright and stimulating event
in the quiet lives of those who have stayed
at home. But the stimulating influence of
these gatherings is not limited to those who
are bodily present. Many, who do not re-
turn, are reminded very tenderly of their
childhood and youth in the old town, and
far and wide, as the call goes out to the
widely scattered ones, there is a genial
awakening of the home feeling. A quick-
ened home feeling is likely to reveal itself
in a new interest in the affairs, of the earlv
home, and many a generous gift may re-
sult. To be sure, the securing ot such
public benefactions would be a very mer-
cenary motive, and the true sentimental
observance of Old Home Week would lose
its finest flavor, if it were celebrated in the
hope of touching the fat money bags of
her old residents. But it remains true

OUR EDITORIAL PAGES

that many of the smaller towns and vil-
lages are in need of public benefactions of
various kinds, and those, who are able to
be of service, in meeting these needs, should
be reminded of their privilege and duty in
this regard.

HITHERTO the favorite gift of the
wealthy friend has been the erec-
tion of a public library building,
with a generous endowment to ensure its
usefulness; and whichever way we journey,
we find these substantial edifices, many
of them costly and elegant, in towns
and villages alike. Sometimes a school
building has been erected, and again the
old church has been helped in the days of
her decline by the establishment of a fund
for her maintenance. Public benefactions
of this kind require large means, and the
question may well be asked, Are there not
many, who have only moderate means,
who desire to show their regard for their
birth-place, and would make a helpful gift
if they could be sure that a small contri-
bution would be really valuable?

I AM convinced that two benefactions,
which are fresh in mind, are practi-
cally suggestive. In the one case, the
testator, imagining himself to be the pos-
sessor of millions, planned a grand Insti-
tute for the technical education of the
youth of his town and elsewhere. The
erection of buildings, and the creation of a
learned faculty were provided for, and vast
sums would necessarily be spent for the

plant and its equipment before a single
boy could be educated. The estate has
been found to be so heavily encumbered,
that many years must elapse before even a
beginning of this scheme can be realized,
and the commendable and wise desire of
the donor to benefit the rising generation
will fail utterly for long years, and perhaps
forever, because his bequest is bound hard
and fast by the limitations he has imposed
upon it. Had he realized that the precise
lines of education that he had in mind are
already being taught with great success in
famous institutions near at hand, and had
he been willing to deny himself the pos-
thumous honor of creating a new school,
and devised his fortune as a trust-fund,
which should be used directly in providing
for the higher technical education of those
he wished to benefit, his trustees might
have been enabled to begin in a modest
way, at an early date, to carry out hi;
laudable and generous desires.

THE moral is obvious. In this and
many other bequests for education-
al purposes, the use of the gift has
been so rigidly defined that its usefulness
is greatly curtailed. A fund, intended for
the help of deserving youth in securing an
education, administered by Trustees, who
have large discretionary power in its use,
would be of great benefit to any commun-
ity, however large, however small. A
gift of a few hundred dollars might be-
come the nucleus of a gradually enlarging

18S - OYs THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Educational Fund, which would secure
great advantage to many needy students.
The other benefaction was primarily for
a Home for Old People, but incidentally
provision was made for a visiting nurse.
A trained nurse, of broad experience and
very sympathetic nature, has been installed
in the Home. She is open to call for any
and every service by any person. A nom-
inal fee is asked of those who are able to
pay, to save it from being a charity, but
practically, it puts no bar in the way of
her service. Physicians call upon her in
critical cases and whenever a skilled attend-
ant is necessary. She finds her way to the
humblest homes, and ministers .to many
who are stricken with fatal illness, or help-
less cripples, or bed ridden invalids, as
well as those, who need only a few visits
for temporary ailments. Her salary and
living expense are very moderate. A
comparatively small endowment would
establish such a nurse in any community.

BUT why not invent a Public Utility
Fund, which may be used for a -core
of purposes, which would never be
included in any specific bequest? Every
community has one or more individ
level headed but tender hearted, gifted
pre-eminently with common sense, com-
petent to take and use such a fund tor the
common good; for enhancing the OMtward
beauty, or the moral tone of the town, or
for relieving the desperate need of an
individual, as he requires; for loans, or
for gifts. The scheme sounds Quixotic
but is it so? Every person of mature age
has had a variety of experiences, which
suggest a multitude of uses which might
arise for a fund of such broad scope. A
single gift might begin this Public Utility
Fund, its success in small ways would en-
courage other contributions, and eventual-
ly a large and elastic fund might accumu-
late for a great variety of wise and helpful
purposes.

THE

MASSACHVSETTS
MAGAZINE

Published by the Salem Press Co. Salem, Mass. USA

Old Haraden House,
.Salem.

^pp

iff '

<*fifc^V #

' J

IE il <%artsrla;

®I|c jKassacI|itsefts jHauanitu.

A Quarterly cMagazine Devoted to History, Genealogy and Biography
Thomas Franklin Waters, Editor, ipswich, mass.

ASSOCIATE AND ADVISORY EDITORS

Thomas Wentworth Higginson George Sheldon", Dk. Frank A. Gardner

CAMBBIDoE, MASS. DEEKFI KLD, M « M. SALEM. IAN,

Lucie M. Gardner, Charles A. Flagg John N. McClixtock Albert W. Dlxxis

SALEM, MASS. WASHINGTON, D. C. DORCHESTER, MASS. SALEM, MAS*.

Issued in January, April, July and October. Subscription, $2.50 per year, Single copies 75c.

VOL. II

OCTOBER, 1909

NO. 4

<£0itf?nf$ sf il][t0 jBBitt

Captain Jonathan Haraden F. A. Gardner, M .D. 191

Massachusetts Pioneers in Michigan . . . Charles A. FJaqg . 200

Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment . . F. A.Gardner, M.D. 203
Some Articles Concerning-Massachusetts in

recent Magazines Charles A. Flagg . 228

The George Gardner House ....... F. A. Gardner, M. D. 230

Department of the American Revolution F. A.Gardner, M. D. 234

Pilgrims and Planters . . . . . . . . Lucie M. Gardner . 239

Family Genealogies Lucie M. Gardner . 240

Criticism and Comment 254

Our Editorial Pages Thomas F. Waters . 255

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••• ; ; •; • ■ —

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HARADEN*

By Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

The annals of the War for the Independence of America contain the names
of many heroes, who rose from private life to places of marked eminence in the
service of their country. Very few of these had a more striking career in the
naval service than the honored subject of our sketch, Captain Jonathan
Haraden. ,

"Soldier and sailor too" like Kipling's marine, he served as a Lieutenant of
infantry before he walked the quarter deck. Records of such dual service
are not uncommon in the revolutionary annals of Massachusetts, where so many
citizens were sea-faring men. Colonel John Glover's Marblehead command
became known as 'the "amphibious" or "web-footed regiment", as they were
detailed so frequently to man ships or boats. In April, 1776, "near fifty" men
of Glover's 14th Continental Regiment were "absent on board Continental
privateers." Two of the captains of this regiment, Nicholson Broughton and
John Selman, sailed from Beverly in September 1775, in command of vessels
sent out by the United Colonies and both subsequently held the rank of Major
in Essex County Regiments. Captain Haraden, therefore, was not alone in his
role of "soldier on the sea," but his naval victories won for him a place in history
above that of any other patriot who served on both land and ocean.

* This paper in somewhat modified form was delivered as an address before the
Massachusetts Society, Sons of the American Revolution, at their Annual Field Day, at
Salem, Sept. 25, 1909. On that occasion a memorial tablet was placed upon Captain
Haraden's house on Essex street, and a wreath of laurel with flags and the colors of the
society were deposited upon his grave in the Broad Street Burying ground.

192 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Born in Gloucester in 1745, the son of Joseph and Joanna (Emerson) Haraden
he removed to Salem and made that thriving commercial town his home through
life. July 11, 1775, he enlisted as a Second Lieutenant in Captain Benjamin
Ward's Company, stationed at Salem for the defence of the seacoast. This
seacoast service was of great importance during the Revolution. Very little
has been written about it but every important seaport from Dartmouth (now
New Bedford) on the south to Newburyport on the north, and all along the
coast of the present state of Maine, had its coast defence corps of one or more
companies. As a large proportion of the able bodied men of these seaports
were absent through the year 1775, with the army at the siege of Boston and
later in the Continental and militia regiments, the constant danger of attack
from British vessels made it necessary to protect these towns by fortifications,
garrisoned by seacoast companies, as they were called. The burning of Fal-
mouth (now Portland, Maine) made this necessity more apparent and the
strength of these garrisons and fortifications was increased. The ports of
Salem, Beverly and Marblehead were protected in this way early in the war on
account of their commercial importance.

Jonathan Haraden held the rank of Second Lieutenant in the Salem Com-
pany until January 16, 1776, when he was chosen First Lieutenant in the same
organization. This higher rank he held until June 3d 1776, when he was com-
missioned First Lieutenant on the newly built State sloop "Tyrannicide,"
commanded by Captain John Fiske of Salem. This vessel, built at Salisbury
was one of five constructed for the Massachusetts Navy in the Spring of 1776.
Captain Fiske was the son of Reverend Samuel Fisk of the historic old First
Church in Salem, and was commissioned April 20, 1776. He was ordered to
cruise from "Harbour to Harbour in the same colony and Newhampshire,"
June 13th, and on the same day captured the British packet schooner "Des-
patch" with 8 guns, 12 swivels and 31 men, under command of Capt. Gutteridge.
At this time the Tyrannicide had 14 guns and 100 men. On the 4th of July
(the first Independence day) he was ordered to sail again and cruise between
Cape Sable and Nantucket. He soon captured the armed ship "Glasgow."
The officers among the Tyrannicide's prisoners at Salem were ordered to be re-
moved to Topsfield, July 24, 1776. In August she captured the brig St. John
and the schooner Three Brothers. Captain Fisk petitioned that she be rigged
as a brigantine and the change was ordered on the 13th of September.

The Tyrannicide was again ordered to sea, Oct. 22, 1776, and additional
instructions were issued to Capt. Fisk, Dec. 13 On the 31st of the month he
captured the scow "John," 140 tons, Capt. Barrass. Jan. 1, 1777, JRichard

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HARADEN 193

Derby, Jun., Agent of the 'Tyrannicide" and the "Massachusetts, petitioned
for the settlement of the sale of their prizes; the schooner "Despatch," snow
"Ann," and brigantine "Henry & Ann." The value of the vessels was as
follows: "Despatch" £1S02:16:10, "Ann" £857:5:4, "Henry & Ann" £5685:
7:lli and the net proceeds of the sale to the state was £5103:11:3. On the
27th of January or the 3d of Feb. (two dates given in the archives) Capt Fisk
captured the brig "Three Friends," 100 tons, Capt. Holms, and she was brought
into Salem, Feb. 23d. Her cargo was appraised at £4269:3:7} and that of the
"John" previously mentioned, at £9029:2:0.

On the 20th of February, 1777, Jonathan Haraden was made Commander
and Israel Thorndike of Beverly, who had commanded the schooner "Warren,"
was his first Lieutenant. A few days later Benjamin Moses of Salem was
made Second Lieutenant and Benjamin Lovett of Beverly, Master. Thomas
Hunt was engaged as Master's Mate. Capt. John Fisk was given command
the ship "Massachusetts," Dec. 10, 1777. After the war he engaged in com-
merce and became very wealthy. He was commissioned a Major General of
Militia in 1792.

A resolve was passed in the Council, March 26, 1777, that the "Hebrew
Books, Sabbath Lamp & the pontifical Cup etc. captured by the brigantine
Tyrannicide and now in the State Store be sent to the Library of Harvard Col-
lege for the use of the same." * April 27, Capt. Haraden, on board the brig,
wrote a letter to the Board of war, informing them that he had that day cap-
tured the snow "Sally," Capt. Stephen Jones, from London to Quebec, with a
cargo of English goods. He also stated that he would soon be obliged to make a
port to procure water, and that he had captured a transport brigantine with
sixty-three Hessians on board. The "Sally" arrived in Salem, June 6. Capt.
Haraden wrote a letter in May stating that he had taken the ship "Chalkley,"
Capt. James "nines"? from Honduras, bound to Bristol, with a cargo of ma-
hogany, logwood, etc. Another letter from him the same month contained an in-
ventory of goods taken from the brig "Eagle." May 10, he captured the ship
"Lonsdale," 500 tons, Captain James Grayson, which was taken into Boston,
on the 20th. At this period the "Tyrannicide" was sailing in company with
the brigantine "Massachusetts." Littlefield Sibley, prizemaster of the barque
"WhiteHaven,"in a letter to the Board of War May 13, announced his arrival
at Piscataway, the barque having been captured by the Tyrannicide on her
way to Quebec.

Capt. Haraden captured May 31, brigantine "Trepassy," 160 tons. Capt.
Isaac Follett, and she arrived in Boston, June 25th. On June 20 James Miller,

194 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

who had been captured on the "Lonsdale," was allowed to go to Rhode Island
as he was only a passenger on board the ship. A memorandum is on file
in the State archives, which shows that the rations issued to this ship from
June 25 to Sept. 1, amounted to £114:2:1. A receipt was given to Capt. Har-
aden Oct. 21, 1777, for "five hundred three Quarters of Ship Bread (7 barrels/'
for the "Guard Ship Rifing Empire."

Capt. Haraden in the "Tyrannicide" and Captain Sampson in the "Hazard"
were ordered, November 16, 1777, to sail to the coast of Spain and Portugal,
thence to the southward of Madeira and home by the West Indies. Definite
instructions were given regarding the various ports to which the different
classes of cargoes were to be sent. Before they got away they were ordered
to sail to Townsend and capture, if possible, two schooners, one commanded
by Capt. Callahan of Halifax and another the "Halifax," supposed to be coast-
ing for the purpose of capturing "two ships now laden and ready to sail for
France." Dec. 2nd Capt. Haraden, in a letter to the Board of War, wrote
that he had lost his grip and had put into the harbor or Falmouth to refit.
While at the wharf four of his men deserted. He soon got to sea however and
in company with the sister ship captured on Dec. 13, the brigantine "Alexan-
der," Capt. James Waddie, bound from Halifax to Jamaica with a cargo of
shooks and fish. On the 22nd they captured the schooner "Good Intent,"
Capt. William Dashpar, bound from "Harbor Grafs, N. F. to Dominco," laden
with fish and hoops. They made another capture on the following day, the
"Polly," Capt. Walter Stevens, from St. John's, N. F., bound for Barbadoes,
loaded with fish, hoops and feathers. Capt. Haraden announced in a letter
written February 17, 1778, that they had taken two vessels, one of which had
arrived at Antigua and the other having mistaken Dominica for St. Pierre,
had been recaptured. A letter written four days later from St. Pierre, Martini-
que, announced their arrival there and stated that they had received all needful
assistance.

Captains Haraden and Sampson sent a petition to the authorities that they
be allowed eight full shares of prizes like other officers of their rank, instead
of six as granted by the Council. A letter written at St. Pierre, Mar. 10, stated
that the Tyrannicide would be ready to sail in five or six days. Another letter
dated the 15th from the same port, gave the net proceeds of the sale of the
brig "Polly" above mentioned as 74,257 livres, 2 sols. The "Tyrannicide" and
"Hazard" in company with the brig "Lion" of Salem, sailed from St. Pierre
Mar. 30, 1778. We next hear from Capt. Haraden in a letter written from
Squam Harbor, where he had run in after seeing a British frigate off Thatchers'

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HARADEN 195

Island. He mentioned ill luck and stated that some of the men were sick with
small pox. The announcement was also made that he had captured the sn >w
"Swift" from Bristol, loaded with flour. As the cargo was of a perishable
nature, the Maritime Court authorized "Samuel Philips Savage of Westown
and George Williams of Salem" to make immediate sale of the same. The
First Lieutenant, John Bray, received his discharge from the Tyrannicide
May 8. He became First Lieutenant of the ship "Franklin" in 1780, and com-
mander of the ship "Oliver Cromwell," Apr. 19, 1781.

In a letter from the Board of war dated May 15, 1778, Capt. Haraden was
mentioned as having arrived a few days before and as soon "going out again."
The letters on file in the archives reveal the fact that the agents at St. Pierre
had protested to the authorities at Boston on account of the large amount of
money advanced in refitting the "Tyrannicide" and "Hazard" for the return
voyage. They found fault especially in regard to the matter of rations, and
as a result the Secretary of the board wrote, expressing surprise that the com-
manders had applied for funds for rations and requesting that in the future no
such requisitions be complied -with. These agents wrote May 24 that the
last of the "Tyrannicide's" men had left the hospital. A bill was enclosed
for the care of three men. Supplies for the "Tyrannicide" were delivered to
Capt. Waters at St. Pierre, May 28th. An account of rations to June 25,
shows that triple rations were given to Jonathan Haraden, double to Israel
Thorndike (who had returned to the brig) Benjamin Moses, Benjamin Lovett,
William Coffin, James Grayson, Christopher Asbridge, Stephen Jones and
Capt. Coombs. At least two of these had been captains of captured vessels,
James Grayson of the "Lonsdale" and Stephen Jones of the snow "Sally."

A letter from the Board of War to the Council, dated June 25, 1778 announced
the determination of Capt. Haraden to resign his commission. The document
read as follows: "The Board most sincerely laments ye Lois of so brave an
officer and deserving a man, who has been in the Service of his Country from
the beginning of the war in which he hath always acquitted himself wt spirits
& honor. This step Capt. Haraden declares he takes with the greatest reluc-
tance but the late difsarrangements of Commanders as he apprehends oblige
him to it. The officers and men entering into their Captains motives have one
& all left the vessel & represent to your Honor that the Tyrannicide is now
ready for sea and that the season most favourable . . . request your Honor to
appoint some person Commander of said Brigt that she may proceed on her
voyage without further loss of time."

Captain Haraden was commissioned September 30, 177S, commander of

196 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

the privateer "General Pickering" of Salem, of ISO tons with 16 guns and a
crew of 106 men. She was described as a brigantine at this period, but her
rig was changed in the spring of 1779 to that of a ship and after that date she
was so called repeatedly in the records of the Continental Congress and the
Massachusetts State Archives. She was owned by George Williams and others
or Salem. John Bray, his First Lieutenant on the "Tyrannicide" held the
same rank under him in this ship. Captain Haraden made a famous record
in her. Only a few of these sea fights can be mentioned at this time.

In October 1779, off Sandy Hook, he fought at the same time and captured
after an engagement of thirty minutes, the ship "Hope," reported to have been
armed with 14 guns, the brig "Pomona," said to have had 12 guns and the
cutter "Royal George" also with 12 guns. The "Pomona" was brought to
Salem and sold Oct. 23, 1779, to Jonathan Grafton for £S,900. About a month
prior to this date the agents of the ship sold another prize, the brigantine "True
Briton," 70 tons, to George Dodge for £4,100. It is narrated that in one of
the cruises in this ship "he fell in with a king's mail packet from one of the
West India isles, homeward bound, which gave him a very warm reception.
After an action which lasted four hours, Captain Haraden found it necessary
to haul off and repair damages. Having done so, he went alongside the packet
with all the powder he had left in his cannon. He then hailed the enemy,
and told him he would give him five minutes to haul down his colors, and if
they were not down at the expiration of that time he would sink him. At the
end of three minutes the colors came down. The boat, on going alongside the
prize, found the blood running from her scuppers, while the deck appeared
more like the floor of a slaughter house than the deck of a ship. The fight
depicted upon the tablet which was unveiled in Salem in September, 1909, is
thus described in the "Sketch of Salem."

"He sailed from this port in the Spring of 1780 with a cargo of sugar for
Bilboa, then a famous resort for American privateers. On his passage. May
29, 1780, he was attacked by a British cutter of twenty-one guns and beat her
off after a contest of about two hours. Upon entering the Bay of Biscay, he
fell in with a British privateer of twenty-two guns and sixty men. Having
approached in the night unobserved, he ran alongside and commanded her
through his trumpet to strike to an American frigate or he would sink her.
The privateer struck her flag and the captain when he came on board the "Gen-
eral Pickering" was mortified to think that he had submitted to such inferior
force. Mr. John Carnes was put in charge of the prize. As the vessels ap-
proached Bilboa they met a sail coming out. which the captured captain said

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HARADEN 197

was the "Achilles", a privateer from London of forty-two guns aand 140 m-n
and added that he knew her force.

Captain Haraden coolly replied; "I sha'n't run from her." The British
ship first retook the prize and placed a crew on board, and night coming
on, deferred his attack on Captain -Haraden till morning. As the day dawned,
June 4, 1780, the "Achilles" bore down upon the "General Pickering" and
Captain Haraden placed his vessel in condition for action. After a desperate
contest of about three hours duration, the British ship was obliged to seek
safety in flight, notwithstanding his greatly superior force. Captain Haraden
gave chase, but the "Achilles" was light, outsailed the "General Pickering"
and escaped. He then returned, coolly recaptured the prize and carried
her in safety into Bilboa.

The battle was fought so near the Spanish coast that an immense con-
course of spectators amounting, as was supposed, to nearly one hundred thou-
sand, assembled along the shore, in boats, and on the hillsides, during the
action^and before the Captain with his prize had been at anchor half an
hour, one could walk a mile from his ship by stepping from one boat to
another. So great was the admiration with which the battle and victory were
witnessed, that when the captain landed he was surrounded by this vast
throng of strangers and borne in triumph into the city where he was wel-
comed with public and unbounded honors. The late venerable Robert Cowan
who was with him in this action, said that the "General Pickering" in com-
parison with her antagonist "looked like a long-boat by the side of a ship,"
and "that he fought with a determination that seemed superhuman," and
that although in the most exposed positions, "where the shot flew around
him in thousands, he was all the while as calm and steady as amidst a
shower of snowflakes."

Later in 1780, while still in the "General Pickering" he captured many other
vessels, including the ship "Rodney," 120 tons, which was sold in Salem by
the agents of the owners to George Williams for £90,000; the brigantine
"Myrrh" sold on the same date for £25,030 and the brigantine "Venus" sold,
October 13, 1780, for £24,000. On the 10th of November, 17S0, he started on
another cruise in the "General Pickering" to the West Indies. He was cap-
tured in the harbor of Saint Eustatius, when Rodney made his descent upon
it, February 3, 1781. This capture by the British Admiral was one of the
richest of the war, the value of the loot being estimated at over $15,-
000,000

We do not know how long he remained a prisoner, but May 3. 1782, he

198 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

was commissioned Captain of the letter of marque ship "Julius Caesar,"
200 tons, 14 carriage guns and 40 men. She hailed from Salem and was
owned by Joshua Ward and others.

On July ISth, 17S2, off Bermuda, in sight of two English brigs, one of 20
guns and another of 16, he took a schooner which was a prize to one of
them, but they both declined to attack him. During this cruise he fell in
with two British vessels, a ship of IS guns and a brig of 16 guns, both of
which he fought 5 glasses and got clear of them. The enemy's ship was
much shattered and so was the Caesar, but the men of the latter were
unharmed. Captain Haraden was subsequently presented with a silver pi
by the owners of the ship, as commemorative of his skill and bravery.
Before he reached Martinique he had a severe battle with another English
vessel,- which he carried thither with him as a prize. He arrived in Salem
from the cruise, December 31, 17S2, having captured a ship of 400 tons
which had been a store ship for Lord Howe. This ended Captain Hara-
den's active service as a commander of armed vessels, as on the next voyage
of the "Julius Caesar," he as one of the owners petitioned that his former First
Lieutenant, Thomas Benson, be commissioned Captain.

His record on the sea was certainly remarkable. One writer affirms
with justice that he is entitled to a "place in history by the side of Paul
Jones, Decatur, and Farragut and Cushing." Maclay says of him he "was
one of the most daring and skillful navigators that ever sailed from Salem,
and that is saying a great deal when we come to consider the long list of
successful commanders who have hailed from that port." He goes on to sav
further, "Haraden had a reputation of being one of the most intrepid com-
manders known to Salem ship lore. It has been said of him that, amid
the din of battle he was calm and self-possessed. The more deadly the strife,
the more imminent the peril, the more terrific the scene, the more perfect
seemed his self-command and serene intrepidity, He was a hero among
heroes and his name should live in honored and affectionate remembrance'."
Maclay acknowledges that this is lavish praise but declares that the man
deserved it. Captain Haraden is said to have taken nearly a thousand can-
non from the British during the war.

Time forbids our considering the life of Captain Haraden as a citizen of
Salem during the yea~s following the war of the Revolution. The house
which was adorned with the tablet was purchased by him May 4, 1S01, and .e
lived there until his death which occurred November 23. 1S03. He was marrie i
three times and had several children, but none of his descendants are known

CAPTAIN JONATHAN HARADEN 199

to be living at the present time. Most of the inhabitants of Salem who have
borne the name in the past hundred years have been the descendants of
Captain Haraden's nephew, whom the Captain brought up and who bore his
honored name through life.

It seems appropriate to present in closing this necessarily brief address,
the review of his life which appeared as an obituary notice in the Salem
Gazette of November 25, 1S03,

"On Wednesday last, departed this life, in the 59th year of his age,
Captain. Jonathan Haraden. whose funeral will be at 3 o'clock this after-
noon from his house in Essex Street, which his friends are requested to at-
tend. This gentleman having been for several years a prey to a disorder
which has finally consigned him to death, he has been in a great measure
secluded from society but still it is impossible to forget one who was so much
its ornament and benefactor. Captain Haraden was a native of Gloucester but
came to this town when a lad where he learnt a mechanical trade. Early
in the contest between this Country and Great Britain, he engaged in that
species of warfare which was carried on from this town with so much spirit
and success, and was employed either in the public or private ships of war
till the establishment of our independence; and he will be recollected by
those who know the history of that eventful period, as one of the most able
and valiant naval commanders that the war produced. He never rashly sought
danger nor did he shrink from duty. It was remarkably his fortune to meet
with enemies of superior force and numbers; yet he had always the address
to conquer or to clear himself of them. On one occasion in a small ship of
10 guns he fought and beat off a lugger of 40 guns, and wrested a prize out
of her hands. When a battle was inevitable, he deliberately prepared for it,
and was as cool and calm in the combat, as on the most common busi-
ness. Of the perfect' obedience of his men he was sure; for he always at-
tended to their wants, their comforts and convenience, as a father to those
of his children, and they loved and obeyed him as a parent ; and he
knew how to inspire them with courage, or fire them with rage, as should
best second his own valorous deeds. As he was intrepid, so was he modest,
as he was brave, so was he just ; as he was terrible to his enemies, so was he
the best of friends. His manners were the most gentle, his disposition the
most kind, and his heart the most tender. With these qualities, it is
superfluous to add, he has left numerous friends, we believe, no enemies."

Ill

£60

[This is the sixth instalment of a series of articles on Massachusetts Pi neers to other states, to be
published by The Massachusetts Magazine.]

MASSACHUSETTS PIONEERS.
MICHIGAN SERIES.

By Charles A. Flagg

Besides the abbreviations of booktitles. (explained on pages 76, 77, 78 and 79 of April issue) the following
are used: b. for born; d. for died; m. for married; set. for settled in.

Converse, James, of Northampton: set.
Mich., 1840. Lenawee Hist. I, 513.
Maria L., b. Northampton, 1832,

m. 1854 George T. McKenzie of Mich.

Lenawee Hist. I, 513.
Cook, Amelia, m. 1S25 Justin Cook of

Mich. Washtenaw Hist., 1307.
Edwin, b. Hadley, 1812; set. N. Y.,

1834, Mich. Lenawee Port., 353.
George, b. Hampshire Co., 1828; set.

Mich., 1845. Washtenaw Hist., 1307.
Justin, b. Hampshire Co., 1802; set.

Mich., 1845. Washtenaw Hist., 1307.
Levi, b. Bellingham, 1792; set. Mich.,

1815. Detroit, 1033.
Martin E., b. Shelburne Falls; set.

N. Y., 1820? Jackson Hist., 791.
Randolph, b. 1831; set. Mich., 1845.

Washtenaw Hist., 1307,
Samuel, set. Vt., N. Y., 1800? Cal-
houn, 75.
■ Vienna, b. Bellingham, 1795; m. 1820

Benjamin Taft of Mass. Oakland Port.,

225.
Cooley, Chester, b. Berkshire, 1790? set.

N. Y., O., Mich., 1850. Kalamazoo

Port., 888.
Dennis, b. Deerfield, 1789; set. Ga.,

Mich., 1827. Macomb Hist., 817.
■ : George, b. Deerfield, 1819; set. Mich.,

1830. Ionia Hist., 290.
« George N , b. Conn. Valley, 1810; set.

N.Y.,Mich. Kent, 653.
■ Jerusha M., b. S. Deerfield, 1810; m.

1840 Philip Reeve of Mich. Washtenaw

Past, 219.

Cooley, Joanna, b. Lowell. 1825; m. Solon
T. Hutchins of Mich. Midland, 288.

Leonard, set. N.Y., 1800' Mich., 1842.

Lenawee Port.. 594.

Orsimus, set. Mich., 1S30; Genesee

Hist., 410.

Reuben, set. N. Y., 1811.

Kalama-
zoo Hist., 433.

Russell, b. Deerfield; set. Mich., 1S30.

Ionia Hist., 290; Washtenaw Hist., 689.

Sally, m. 1800? Lemon Copley of O.

and Mich. Genesee Port., 620.

Smith, set. N. Y.. 1840? Huron, 287.

Sophronia, b. 1811; m. Sylvester

Scott of Mich. Clinton Port., 666. 912.

Thomas, set. N. Y., 1804. Washte-
naw Port., 235.

Zadoc. b. 1793; set. O. 1825, Mich.,

1833. Oakland Biog., 367.

Coolidge, Henry H., b. Leominster, 1S05
or 11; set. Mich.. 1836. Berrien Hist.,
146; Berrien Port.. 213: Berrien Twent.,
154, 286; Cass Hist., 90.

Coox, Huldah. m. 1S00? Elijah Knox of
Mass. and N. Y. Kalamazoo Port., 9S3.

Cooper, Jeremiah, set. N. Y , 1S10. Len-
awee Illus., 90.

John, b. Plymouth; set. Me., 1820?

Mich., 1865. Ionia Port., 746.

Sarah, b. Cheshire, 1S03; m. 1821

Edmund B. Dewev of N. Y. Lenawee
Illus., 90

Copeland, Emeline. m. 1835? David Bur-
ton of Me. and Mich. Midland, 240.

Cossett, Isabinda. m. 1810? Asaph Robin-
son of O. Branch Port., 556.

MICHIGAN PIONEERS

201

Cotrell, Lucy, b. Worthington, 181/; m.

1837 James Rogers of Mass., Mich, and

O. Lenawee Port., 915.
Cotton, Otis W., set. N. Y., 1S0S; La.,

1818, Mich., 1S28. Macomb Past., 168.
Coulson, Lovina, m. 1815?William Pratt.-

of Mass. and O. Hillsdale Port., 827.
Courtis, William M., b. Boston, 1S42; set.

Mich., 1S83. Wayne Land. Appendix 28.
Covey, Hiram, b. Mt. Washington, 1S02;

set. N. Y., 1814, Mich., 1S37. Oakland

Hist., facing 218.
Cowan, N. B., b. 1810; set. Mich., 1840.

Clinton Port., 456.
Sally, m. 1805? Elkanah Ring. Sagi-
naw Hist., 757.
Cowles, Horace, see Coles.
Israel T., b. Belchertown, 1854; set.

Mich., 1878. Wayne Land. Appendix,

119.
Proctor P., b. Amherst, 1818; set.

Mich., 1858. Upper P., 277.
Shepard B., b. Amherst, 1826; set.

N.Y., 1830? Mich., 1836. Grand Rapids

City, 622; Kent, 1354.
Sylvester, b. Amherst, 1795; set.

N. Y., 1830? O., 1836. Grand Rapids

City, 622.
Cowls, Samuel, b. Hatfield, 1766; set. O.

Lenawee Hist. II, 116.
Sophia, b. Williamsburg, 1796; m.

1821 John Wilson of N. Y. and Mich.

Lenawee Hist. II, 116.
Sophia, m. 1825? George H. Smith of

Mass. and Mich. Jackson Port., 451.
Cox, James N., b. Fairhaven, 1844; set.

Mich. 1869. Houghton, 213; Northern P.,

400; Upper P., 303.
Crafts, Frances, m. 1832 Warren Pease of

Mich. Washtenaw Hist., 1348.
Solomon C, set. Mich., 1842. Jack-
son Hist., 881.
Crandell, Edgar B.,b. Cheshire; set. X.Y.,

Mich., 1878. Grand Rapids City, 119.
Stephen R., b. W. Stockbridge. 1836;

set. X. Y., Mich., 1878. Grand Rapids
City, 119; Mecosta, 491.
Crandle, Betsey, b. 1787; m. 1802 Jacob
Hoadley of Mass., X. Y. and Mich. Len-
awee Hist. II, 94.
Crane, Abraham, 1812 soldier, set. N. Y.,
1825? Allegan Twent., 170.

Crane, Albert, b. Taunton. 1815; set.
Mich. 1832. Hillsdale Port., HV2, 845.

George, b. Norton, 1783; set. X. Y.,

1804, Mich., 1S33. Lenawee Hist I,
252, 509; II, 460; Lenawee Port., 371.

— Hannah, m. 1835 Sylvanus Kennedy
of Alien. Lenawee Port.. 223.

— John, set. Ct. Hillsdale Port., 223.
- Samuel, set. Ct., X. Y., 1810. Hills-

dale Port., 223.

Turner, b. Xorton. 1789; set. '. '. H.,

N. Y., 1816, Mich., 1833. Hillsdale Port
845; Lenawee Hist. II, 102 483; Lena-
wee Illus., 87; Lenawee Port., 569.
Cranson, Elisha, b. near Boston. 17S2;
set. X. Y., 1815? Mich., 1830. Washte-
naw Port., 419.

John, set. X. Y., 1825? Mich., 1832.

Clinton Port., 987.
Crapo, David, b. Dartmouth; set. O.,
Mich., 1854. Ionia Port., 736.

Henry H., b. Dartmouth, 1804; set.

Mich., 1856. Branch Port., 149; Genesee

Hist., 179.

Craw, Farley, b. Cheshire, 1824; set. X.Y.,

1827, Mich., 1845. Genesee Port., 303.

Cressy, Erastus, of Rowe; set. Mich., 1842.

Allegan Hist., 472.
Crissey, William S., b. 1806; set. X. Y.,

1811, Mich., 1855. Kent. 533.
Crittenden, Chauncy, set. X. Y., 1830?
Kalamazoo Port., 825.

John, b. Conwav, 1796; set. R. I.,

X. Y., 1816, Mich., 1831. Macomb Hist.,
577, 906; Macomb Past, 146.

Levi, set. Mich., 1S35. Macomb

Hist., 794.

Orris, set. Mich., 1834. Hillsdale

Port., 375.
Crocker, Joseph, b. Cape Cod, 1801; set.

X. Y., 1830? Osceola, 249.
Crofoot. Joseph, b. 1S11? set. X. Y. Ber-
rien Hist., 405.
Crosby, Hale E., b. Ashburnham, 1816;
set. Mich., 1S44. Berrien Port., 900.

Warren, set. X. Y., 1S40' Mich.

Muskegon Port., 276.
Cross, Darius, b. Rowe or Buckland. 1S14;
set. Mich., 1837. Lenawee Hist. II. 309;
Lenawee Illus., 383; Lenawee Port.,
1025.

202

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Cross, Eunice, m. 1785? David Peabody

of N. H. Calhoun, facing 112.
Prudence, b. Rowe, 1S07; m. 1828

Aaron S. Baker of Mich. Lenawee

Hist. II, 109.
Grossman, Nathaniel, b. Taunton; set.

N. Y., 1S05? Calhoun, 133.

Crover, Amanda, of Worcester, m. 1853?

Dennis Wakefield of Mich. Lenawee

Illus., 284.
Cudworth, Mrs. A. L., set. Mich., 1828.

Wayne Chron., 74.
Culver, Martin, b. Chester; set. N. Y.,

1826, Mich., 1837. Jackson Port., 296.

« Marvin, b. Chester, 1S07; set., X. Y.

1828, Mich., 1S37. Jackson Port., 296.

Cummings, Elvira, m. 1840? John Bonner
of Pa. and Mich. Xewaygo, 445.

Mary r A., b. Royalston, 1S05? m. Sam-
uel S. Burpee of Mich. Calhoun, 76.

Currier, Hannah, m. 1820? Hugh Tolford
of N. H. and Mich. Lenawee Port., 683.

Jacob, set. Mich., 1S36. Berrien

Hist., 402.

Curtis, Hannah, m. 1805? Jonathan E.
Davis of X. Y. Washtenaw Hist., 979.

Jeremiah, set. X. Y., 1800? Sagi-
naw Hist., 729.

Moses, of Dudley, set. X. Y., 1800?

Kalamazoo Hist., facing 476.

Curtiss, Waterman F., b. 1S06; set. X.Y.,

Mich., 1859. Gratiot, 266.
Cushixg, James H., set. X. Y., 1825? Mich.,

1851. Cass Twent., 687.
Cutler, Dexter, b. 1811; (name changed

from Shepherd) set. Mich., 1838. Xorth-

era M., 343.
Dwight, b. Amherst, 1830; set. Mich.,

1848. Muskegon Port., 142; Ottawa

Hist., 49.
Cutter, Catharine, m. 1830? Peter Bradt

of X. Y. Saginaw Hist., 908.
E. B., set. 111., 1852, Mich., 1880.

Saginaw Hist., 551.
Dalrymple, James, of Colerain, set. X. Y.,

1018. Oakland Biog., 113.
Polly, b Colerain, m. 1815? Joseph

Bancroft of X. Y. and Mich. Oakland

Biog., 113.

Damon, I. B. T., b. Hampshire Co., 1826;

set. Mich.,*! 850? Saginaw Hist., 821.
Da.va, Edmund, b. Cambridge, 1739;' set.

England. Bay Gansser, 374.
' Mary, m. 1850? James H. Clapj I

X. Y. and O. Grand Rapids City, 138.
Daniels, David H.,of Brimneld; set. Mich.,

1832. Kalamazoo Hist., 383.
Elijah, b. 1793; set. X. Y.; d. 1839.

Ingham Port., 733.
Elizabeth, m. 1835? Zenus Roberts

of Mass. and Pa. Lenawee Port., 601.
Tamer, b. Hingham; m. 1810? Thad-

deus Hopper of X. Y. and Mich. Ber-
rien Twent., 338.
Darling, Ephraim, b. 1791; set. Mich.

Washtenaw Hist., 593.
Joseph, set. X. Y.. 1804, Mich., 1844.

Jackson Port., 324, 8_'4.
Lewis, b. 1812; set. X. Y., Mich., 1836.

Jackson Port., 545.
Matilda A., b. Mendon, 1820; m. 1840

Stephen T. Hardy of Mich. Monroe,

587.
Pascal, set. X. Y., 1804, Mich., 1834.

Jackson Port., 824.
Reed, b. Springfield, 1785; set. X. Y.,

Mich., 1834. Kalamazoo Hist., 309.
Simon, set. Mich., 1829. Ingham

Hist., 463.
Darwin, S. A., b. Pittsfield, 1813: set.

Mich., 1836. Ingham Port., 221.
Seth C, set. X. Y.. 1817, Mich., 1835.

Ingham Port., 221.
Dauby, Alexander J., b. near Springfield;

set. X. Y., 18_'0. " Jackson Port., _'43.
Davis, Asa, set. X'. Y., 1S02. Lenawee

Port., 23-'.
Bela, set, Vt., 1735? Macomb Past,

167.
Calvin, b. Hubbardston. 1793; set.

X. Y., 1804, Mich.. 18_'4. Macomb

Hist., 726, 773; Macomb Past. 355.
Dolly, m. 1790? Lemuel Foster of

Mass. and Mich. Jackson Port., 745.
Ebenezer, b. Conwav. 1800; set.

X Y., 18^:7, Mich., 1831. Lenawee

Hist. II, 130.
Jehiel, b. Wilbraham, 1787; set. Mich.

1831. Oakland Port., 612.

(To be continued.)

203

This is the sixth of a series of articles, giving the organization and history of all the Massachusetts
regiments which took part in the war tf the Revoluti n.]

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S

REGIMENT

Colonel Ebenezer Eridge's Minute Men's Regiment, 1775.
27th Regiment Army of the United Colonies, 1775.

By Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

Middlesex County furnished a majority of the companies of which this
regiment was composed. Of the seven companies in the Minute Men's Regiment
six were from Middlesex County and one from New Hampshire, and of the
ten companies in the 27th Regiment, Army of the United Colonies, seven were
from Middlesex, two from Essex and one from New Hampshire.

We may properly consider that the nucleus of this regiment was formed
in March, 1775, when Ebenezer Bridge was chosen Captain of a company of
fifty Minute Men in Billerica. When the Lexington Alarm was sounded, April
19, 1775, Colonel Bridge responded at the head of a regiment composed of seven
companies. The officers of this Minute Men 's Regiment were as follows : —

Colonel, Ebenezer Bridge of Billerica.
Lieut. Colonel, Moses Parker of Chelmsford.
Major, John Brooks of Reading.
Adjutant, Joseph Fox of Billerica.
Surgeon, Walter Hasting of Chelmsford.

Reading Company.

Captain, John Bacheller.
First Lieutenant, Ebenezer Damon.
Second Lieutenant, James Bancroft.
58 non-commissioned officers and men.

Tewksbury Company.

Captain, John Trull.

First Lieutenant, John Flint.

Second Lieutenant, Luke Swett.

30 non-commissioned officers and men.

204 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Billerica Company.

Captain, Jonathan Stickney.

First Lieutenant, James Lewis.

Second Lieutenant, John Lewis.

51 non-commissioned officers and men.

Dunstable Company.

Captain, Leonard Butterfield.
First Lieutenant, Nathaniel Holden.
Second Lieutenant, Lemuel Perham.

35 non-commissioned officers and men.

Dracut Company.

Captain, Peter Coburn.

First Lieutenant, Josiah Foster.

Second Lieutenant, Ebenezer Varnum.

36 non-commissioned officers and men.

New Hampshire Company.

Captain, Archelaus Towne of Amherst, N. H.
First Lieutenant, James Ford of Nottingham, N. H.
Second Lieutenant, David Wallingford of Hollis, N. H.
54 non-commissioned officers and men.

Wilmington Company.

Captain, Cadwallader Ford.

First Lieutenant, John Harnden.

Second Lieutenant, (wanting.)

25 non-commissioned officers and men.

April 24, 1775, this regiment was reorganized as a regiment in the Pro-
vincial Army and when a little later the regiments in that army were num-
bered, it became the 11th Massachusetts Bay Regiment. He reported that
his regiment was full and the officers were recommended for commissions;
these were granted to the officers of the regiment in the session of the Sec-
ond Provincial Congress, May 23-29, 1775.

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 205

The following interesting return of the regiment at this period is pre-
served in the Massachusetts Archives: — .

"Coll° Bridge's Return.
Moses Parker Lt Col°
John Brooks Major

Capt Jonathan Stickney 66 men

Capt Benj Walker m 73

Capt John Batcheller 69

Capt Ebenezer Bancroft 50

Capt Peter Coburn 51

Capt Eben r Harnden 47

Capt John Ford • ■ 59

Capt Oliver Will Lane recruiting

Capt John Row 40

Capt Jacob Tyler recruiting

455
May 26, 1775. Eben r Bridge."

A general return of the army dated June 9, 1775, credited Colonel Bridge
with 3 field officers, 7 captains, 14 subalterns, 2S sergeants, 24 corporals, 7
drummers, 7 fifers and 315 privates, making a total of 405. He had at that
time arms sufficient for all of the privates and 3,195 rounds of ammunition.

This regiment played an important part in the battle of Bunker Hill, June
17, 1775. It was one of the three infantry regiments from Massachusetts in
that memorable conflict. Frothingham tells us that "Though the whole
regiment was ordered to parade on the 16th of June, yet it is stated that
three of its companies did not go on under Colonel Prescott. Ford's Com-
pany reached the field just before the action began, and a portion of this
regiment — two companies under Major Brooks — were on the way to the hill
when the Americans were retreating." Many of the men in this regiment
were in the redoubt with Colonel Prescott and fought valiantly as shown by
the aecount of the battle written by Captain (afterwards Lieut. Colonel)
Ebenezer Bancroft and proven by the records of the killed and wounded.
Captain Bancroft in his account of the battle states that Colonel Prescott
came to him and said; "If you can do anything with the cannon I wish you
would, I give (you) the charge of them." Accordingly he directed the men

206

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

to dig down the bank in order to form an embrasure, which they were forced
to do with their hands as the intrenching tools had been carried off. Captain
Bancroft further states that he fired a cannon twice to loosen up the earth
and he learned later that both of these balls fell in Boston, one in Brattle
Square and the other in Cornhill. -The account of the casualties to the offi-
cers of this regiment will be given in their records in the biographical sec-
tion of this article. A newspaper printed in Providence, Rhode Island, July
15, 1775, stated that sixteen members of this regiment were killed in the
battle and twenty-nine wounded. An account published in Force's American
Archives, (v. 4-1 1, p. 1628,) gives the numbers as seventeen killed and
twenty-five wounded. In the general accusation which followed the battle,
Colonel Bridge was included in the list of those who were blamed for not
being sufficiently aggressive. In the court martial which followed he was
acquitted on account of his wounds and the indisposition of body resulting
therefrom. i

The following list of officers of the regiment is preserved in the State
Archives ;

"Ebenezer Bridge, Colonel.
Moses Parker, Lieut. Col° Prisoner in Boston.
John Brooks, Major. —

Captains.

Lieutenants.

Ensigns.

Jona Stickney
Benj a Walker
John Batchelor
Eben r Bancroft
Peter Coburn
John Ford
John Harnden
John . Row
Jacob Tyler

Elijah Danforth
John Flint
Eben r Damon
Nath'l Holden
Josiah Foster
Isaac Parker
Will m Blanchard
Mark'Pool
Charles Forbush

John Lewis
Ebenezer Fitch
James Bancroft
Samuel Brown
Ebenezer Varnum
Jonas Parker
Eleazer Stickney
Ebenez r Cleveland

Joseph Fox, Adjutant
John Bridge, Quarter Master
Walter Hastings, Chirurgeon.
Captain Walker missing

supposed killed.

June 23, 1775. '

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 207

Fourteen cartridge boxes were ordered June~24, 1775, by_Colonel Bridge
for his men and they were received by them later.

The following list of companies with the names of the towns represented
is from the State Archives:

"Col. Eben r Bridge's Reg't
Captains

Benj. Walker, Tewksbury, Chelmsford, Bedford, An lover &c.

John Ford, Chelmsford, Tewksbury, &c,

Jona. Stickney, Billerica, &c.

John Row, Cape Ann.

Peter Coburn, Dracut, Methuen, Tewksbury &c.

John Harnden, Wilmington, Billerica, , Tewksbury, Reading &c.

John Bacheller, Reading &c.

Eben Bancroft, Dunstable, *Derry, &c.

Archulaus Towne, Hollis, N. H. -

Charles Furbush, Andover. "

In the records of the Third Provincial Congress, June 2S, 1775, mention
is made of a petition of the officers of this regiment relating to organization
and the rank of officers. The committee to whom it was referred reported
on the following day.

In the records of the Committee of Safety in the Journal of the Provin-
cial Congress, July 7, 1775, we read;

"Eight small arms were delivered Col. Ebenezer Bridge, for the use of
his regiment, amounting, as by appraisement to seventeen pounds, six shill-
ings, for which receipt was taken in the minute book."

A list of the field and staff officers of the regiment dated August 1, 1775,
is like those given with the exception of the name of John Sprague, Sur-
geon's Mate, which is added. Another similar list bears the date of Sep-
tember 30. The regiment was stationed at or near Cambridge through the
year. November 23, 1775, Colonel Bridge with his regiment was ordered at
the foot of Cobble Hill (the hill between Somerville and Cambridge on which
the McLean Asylum formerly stood) to patrol towards the bay and neck
during the night as. a strong detachment under General Putnam was throw-
ing up fortifications there.

When the regiments were reorganized for the Continental Army service

208 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

a letter from the officers of this regiment was sent to General Washington.
This was acknowledged as follows:

"Head-Quarters, Cambridge, December 10, 1775.
(Parole, Burke.) (Countersign, Barre.)

The General has great pleasure in thanking Colonel Bridges, and the offi-
cers of the Twenty-seventh Regiment, (who, from a peculiarity of circum-
stances, or want of vacancies, have no appointment in the new established
army,) for their polite address to him. He considers the assurances which
they have given, of their determination to continue in service, (if required)
until the new regiments are completed, in a very favorable light, especially
as it is accompanied with further assurances that the men of the Twenty-
seventh Regiment are consenting thereto. Such a conduct at this important
crisis cannot fail of giving pleasure to every well-wisher of his country ;
and next to engaging for another year, is the highest proof they can give of
their attachment to the noble cause of liberty. At the same time that it re-
flects honor upon themselves, it may, under Providence, give posterity reason
to bless them as the happy instruments of their delivery from those chains which
were actually forging for them."

The strength of the regiment each month is shown in the following table :

Date.

Com. off.

Staff.

Non-Coms.

Rank & File

Total.

June 9,

- .

315

405

July -

406

481

Aug. 18,

468

547

Sept. 23,

. 4

472

557

Oct, 17,

464

547

Nov. 18,

460

530

Dec.

455

533

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE of Billerica was the son of Reverend
Ebenezer Bridge of Chelmsford. He went to Billerica a few years before the
war and engaged in business as a "merchant, " living at the Farmer place near-
ly opposite the (Colonel) Stickney house. He was chairman of a committee
of the town which reported resolutions protesting against the acts of the
"British Ministry and Parliament against the colonies" June 4, 1774. He was

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 209

also chosen chairman of the "committee of Correspondence.'' He was a
member of the Middlesex Convention August 30-31, 1774, and served as its
clerk. He was appointed on a committee of the convention to take into con-
sideration "an act for the better regulating the government of the province
of Massachusetts Bay in New England," and was chosen representative to
the First Provincial Congress, in October 1774. — December 5, 1774, he was ap-
pointed on a committee "to prepare an address to the clergy of this province
desiring them to exhort to carry into execution the resolves of the Continen-
tal Congress." Two days later he was appointed on a committee "to collect
the several expenses that have accrued to the Congress in this and the former
session thereof, and they are directed to sit forthwith." He was chosen
chairman of the "committee of Inspection" of Billerica in December, 1774.

In March, 1775, he was chosen captain of a company of fifty minute men,
and this we have reason to believe was his first military service, as we can find
no French war record, and he was always called "Mr" Bridge in the records
prior to this date. He evidently developed considerable military ability for
when the call came April 19th, he responded as Colonel in command of a
Regiment of Minute Men composed of seven companies. When the Provin-
cial Army was organized a few days later he was continued as regimental
commander and the regiment was stationed at Cambridge. He was "Field
Officer of the Day" May 17, "Officer of the Main Guard" May 22, and
"Field officer" May 30-31, 1775. The account of the service of his regiment
at Bunker Hill has been given in the records of the organization. He was
wounded "on the head and neck by a sword cut" and is said by the historian
of Billerica to have been one of the last to leave. Later in the year he ren-
dered the following: ♦

"An account of what I loft in the Battle at Bunker's Hill.

Viz 1 new Beaver Hat £1 : 10 : 00

1 Silver Hilted Hanger 4 : 1 6 : 00

£6:06:00

A true Account

Attest

Eben r Bridg Col° 27th Regiment.
Camp at Cambridge, Nov. 30, 1775."

He was tried for "misbehaviour & neglect of duty in action at Bunker's
Hill," and the following verdict was rendered:

210 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

•
"The Court are of opinion that indisposition of body rendered the prisoner
incapable of action and do therefore acquit him." He commanded the regi-
ment through the year and on January 1, 1776, returned "one firelock" to the
State authorities. He was one of the corporators of the Middlesex turnpike
which was chartered in 1S04. He did not return to Billerica after the war.
At the time of his marriage, September 17, 1817, he lived in the town of Har-
vard.

LIEUT. COLONEL MOSES PARKER of Chelmsford was a Sergeant in
the Company commanded by Captains John Reed and Benaiah Young, in the
late Colonel Titcomb's Regiment, from April 7 to September 8, 1755 (prob-
ably) . He served as Ensign of the same Company from the last named date
to December 15, of that year. From March 31, 1759 to August 6, 17G0, he
was Captain of a company at "Saint Johns." This was evidently St. John,
(now New Brunswick) for another record shows that he was a Captain in Col-
onel Frye's Regiment at "Nova Scotia" during this period. From a list dated
July 22, 1761, we learn that he served three months as a Captain in Colonel
Nathaniel Thyng's Regiment. Two other undated records of service are also
to be found in the archives. When the Lexington Alarm was sounded April
19, 1775, he marched as Lieut. Colonel of Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment
and the independant company of Minute Men of which Lieut. Colonel Parker
was the commander was led by his Lieutenants, Benjamin Walker and Isaac
Parker. April 24, he was engaged in the same rank in the Provincial Regi-
ment under the same commander. He was field Officer of the Main Guard"
May 8 and June 5, "Field Officer of Fatigue," May 11, and June 3. and Offi-
cer of the Main Guard" June 4, 1775. He marched with the regiment from
Cambridge to Breed's Hill on the night of June 16, in the body of men under
Colonel William Prescott, consisting of Prescott's Regiment, a part of Colonel
Frye's, part of Colonel Bridge's with the artillery and about 200 Connecticut
troops. He fought valiantly on the following day and was desperately
wounded and taken prisoner. He died of his wounds July 4, 1775.

MAJOR JOHN BROOKS of Reading was the son of Caleb and Ruth (Al-
bree) Brooks. He was born in Medford May 31, 1752. He worked on his
father's farm and when fourteen years old was taken into the home of the fam-
ily physician, Dr. Simon Tufts, to study medicine. He began to practice at
Reading in 1773. In response to the Lexington Alarm, April 19, 1775, he
marched as Major of Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment of Minute Men, and
he held the same rank under that commander through the year. January 1,

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 211

1776, he became Major of Colonel Charles Webb's 19th Regiment in the Conti-
nental Army, and served through the year. January 1, 1777 he was made
Lieut. Colonel of Colonel Michael Jackson's Sth Regiment, Massachusetts
Line. He was appointed Lieut. Colonel Commanding the 7th Regiment Massa-
chusetts Line, (formerly Alden's) November 11, 1778 and served until June
12, 17S3. A portion of this time he was called "Acting Colonel." He made
a distinguished record for himself during these years of conflict. One writer
states that, "The capture of General Burgoyne and his army may de attrib-
uted in no small degree to the gallant conduct of Colonel Brooks and his regi-
ment, on the 7th of October in the battle of Saratoga." Hon. Roger Wal-
cott Williams of Connecticut described Colonel Brooks conduct on that day
as follows: "When the Colonel saw that the decisive moment had come, he
lifte # d his sword in air and Cried 'Follow your Colonel at double quick.' He
immediately led the way to the top of the entrenchments, crying 'come on,
come on.' They did come on, and the most violent and bloody conflict en-
sued, in which they decided the fate of the day." He was with Washington
during the memorable winter at Valley Forge, and in June, 1778, distinguished
himself at the battle of Monmouth. As a tactician he has been considered
second only to Baron Steuben, and after that officer was made Inspector Gen-
eral, Colonel Brooks was associated with him in establishing a uniform system
of drill and exercise. A writer in the New England Historic Genealogical
Register states that, "When in March, 17S3, the officers had planned a con-
spiracy causing Washington the most anxious moments of his life, the Com-
mander-in-Chief went to Colonel Brooks to ascertain how the officers stood,
and finding him sound asked him to keep his officers in quarters. Colonel
Brooks replied, 'Sir, I have anticipated your wishes,' to which Washington
replied with tears in his eyes, 'Colonel Brooks, this is just what I expected from
you.' "

At the close of the war he was invited by his old family physician and pre-
ceptor to take his place in Medford and the offer was accepted. One of his
biographers has said of him that, "As a physician he ranked in the first class
of practitioners, possessing in an eminent degree those qualities which were
calculated to render him the most useful in his professional labors, and the
delight of those to whom he administered relief."

In 1786, he was made Major General of the 3d Division, Massachusetts
Militia and April 11, 1792, was given the rank of Brigadier General in the
United States Army. He was honorably discharged November 1, 1796. In
1788, he was a member of the Convention bv which the Constitution of the

212 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

United States was adopted. He represented the county of Middlesex for
several years in the Massachusetts Senate and served as a member of the
executive council. He was United States Marshall of the district of Massa-
chusetts, 1791-96, and was appointed, December 20, 1790, Inspector of the
Revenue for Survey Xo. 2, in the district of Massachusetts. Governor Strong
appointed him Adjutant General of the State, in IS 12, and he served in that
responsible office during the second war with England until 1815. In IS L6
he was elected Governor and served seven consecutive years. He declined to
be a candidate again and, retiring to his Medford home, resumed practice.
Chief Justice Parker said of him that, "he maintained the dignity of his of-
fice, and thereby honored the people who bestowed it. . . . Bred in the best
school of manners, — a military association of high-minded, accomplished offi-
cers, — his deportment, though grave and dignified like Washington's was
nevertheless warm and affectionate. . . . He was one of the last and best sam-
ples of that old school of manners."

He was President of the Massachusetts Medical Society for many years,
continuing so to the time of his death. He was Secretary of the Massachusetts
Society of the Cincinnati in 17S3-6 and President from 1810 until 1825. Har-
vard College conferred upon him the degree of A.M. in 17S7, that of M.D. in
1810 and LL.D. in 1817. He also held many other positions of honor and
trust. He died March 1, 1825, at the age of 73 years.

ADJUTANT JOSEPH FOX of Billerica. His name appeared on the tax
lists of that town from 1769 to 1776. He served as Adjutant under Colonel
Bridge in the Minute Men's Regiment and later in the Provincial and United
Colonies' Regiments through the year. January 23, 1776, he was appointed
Ensign in Colonel Burrill's Connecticut State Regiment, and promoted to
Second Lieutenant, September 19, of that year. January 11, 1777, he became
a first Lieutenant in Colonel William R. Lee's Additional Regiment and a Cap-
tain in Colonel Henry Jackson's Regiment on June 23d of that year. In Oc-
tober, 1778, he was in Colonel David Henley's Regiment and served as Pay-
master of that command from October 30, 1778, to April 1, 1779. He was
transferred to Colonel Henry Jackson's Regiment April 22, 1779. This
regiment was designated the 16th Continental, July 23, 17S0. He was a Cap-
tain in the 9th Massachusetts Regiment January 1, 17S2, and retired just
a year later. He died March 24, 1820.

QUARTERMASTER JOHX BRIDGE of Chelmsford may have been and
probably was the man of that name who held the rank of First Lieutenant

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 213

in Captain John Tapley's Company from February 12, to October 23, 1757.
This company was evidently in Colonel Joseph Frye's Regiment and was pre-
sent at the capitulation of Fort William Henry, August 9, 1757. His name
appears as Lieutenant in the same company in a roll dated March 7, 1758. He
was engaged April 24, 1775, as a "Captain acting as Quartermaster" and he
served under Colonel Bridge through the year.

SURGEON WALTER HASTINGS held that rank in Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19, 1775. His name appears in a list
of Surgeons and Surgeon's Mates, examined and approved at Watertown,
July 5, 1775. He served through the year. January 1, 1777, he was ap-
pointed Surgeon in Colonel Michael Jackson's 8th Regiment Massachusetts
Line and served until retired January 1, 1781.

SURGEON'S MATE JOHN SPRAGUE was probably the John Sprague
who was credited with £S:03:00 for Medical attendance on Moses Bennet,
pilot of the ship "Massachusetts," June 20, 1759. He held the above rank in
Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment from May 1, 1775, through the year.
January 1, 1776. he was appointed Surgeon's Mate of Colonel Edmund Phin-
ney's 18th Continental Regiment and served through the year. He was re-
ported sick at Fort George, December 8, 1776. October 6, 1778, he was Sur-
geon of the privateer schooner "Active," Captain Andrew Gardner. He was
engaged as Surgeon of the State sloop, "Winthrop," Captain George Little,
May 4, 1782, and served through two cruises until March 17, 1783.

CAPTAIN JOHN BACHELLER of Reading was one of the company com-
manders in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment. April 19. 1775.
He enlisted in the same rank in the provincial Army under Colonel Bridge and
served at least as late as August 1st, as shown by his company pay rolls, pre-
served in the Military Manuscripts in the Essex Institute.

CAPTAIN EBENEZER BANCROFT of Dunstable was the son of Tim-
othy and Elizabeth (Farwell) Bancroft. He was born April 1, 1738, in that
part of Dunstable, which later became Tyngsborough. From September 15
to December 14, (endorsed 1755; he was a Corporal in Captain Jonathan
Butterfield's Company and marched from Albany to Dunstable. He was a
Sergeant in the same company from March 29 to December 4, (endorsed 1756).
From March 31 to April 30, (probably 1759) he served as a second Lieutanant
in the same company, and from February 14 to December 4 (endorsed 1760)
he was a Lieutenant in Captain Silas Brown's Company. In 1771, he served

214 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

as a Selectman of Dunstable and later was chosen on a committee to divide
the town into "districts for schooling." He marched on the Lexington Alarm
April 19, 1775, and was described asta "Captain serving as a volunteer" in
Captain Reuben Butterfield's Company, Colonel David Green's Regiment.
He overtook the British at West Cambridge and did effective work with his
gun. April 24, 1775, he was engaged as a Captain in Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Regiment and served until June 17th, when he was severely wounded
at Bunker Hill. On the evening of June 16, 1775, he was on a court martial
and was not able therefore to march with his command. He obtained per-
mission from General Ward on the morning of the 17th and hastening to
Charlestown, joined his regiment. While standing by the redoubt before the
action began, a ball from the "Somerset" passed within a few inches of his
head and affected his left eye so that he ultimately became totally blind.
His effective management of the artillery pieces and the making of the em-
brasures have already been described in the record of the achievements of
the regiment. Captain Bancroft stated that he fired twenty-seven musket
shots during the fight at the redoubt. Nason, the author of the "History of
Dunstable " states that he "fought nobly in the redoubt and was the last to
leave it. He used a musket in the melee and being a man of remarkable
strength, knocked down several British soldiers. He had his musket wrenched
from him, his hat knocked off, his shoulder injured and his forefinger shot
away." He wrote an account of the battle which is a valuable addition to our
original records of that important event. The "Historical Register of the
Officers of the Continental Army" states that he did not return to the army,
but we have an abundance of proof from the records in the Massachusetts
Archives that he saw much service and rose rapidly in rank.

He was commissioned February S, 1776, 2nd Major of Colonel Simeon
Spaulding's 7th Middlesex County Regiment. From September 27 to No-
vember 16, 1776, he "served as Major in Colonel Ebenezer Brooks's 3d Mid-
dlesex County Regiment. June 20, 177S, he was chosen 1st Major in the 7th
Middlesex County Regiment, and April 21, 17S0, he was commissioned Lieut.
Colonel in the same regiment, at that time commanded by Colonel Jonathan
Brown. He also served in the same rank in Colonel Cyprian How's 4th Mid-
dlesex county Regiment from June 28 to October 30, 17S0, to reinforce the
Continental Army in Rhode Island. He evidently was at his home in Dun-
stable much of the time through 1776 and 7 for he was chosen on the "Com-
mittee of Correspondence" March 4, 1776, and as "Major" Ebenezer Bancroft.
was chosen on a committee to "prepare y e Draft of a vote," June S. 1770.

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 215

He served as a Selectman February 17, 1777, and was the Representative of
his town to the General Court in that year. This absence from the army was
evidently due to his wounds, for a resolve entitling him to quarter pay was
passed January 26, 177S, to commence from January 1, 1770, as he was
wounded at Bunker Hill. Later his name was transferred to the United
States Pension Rolls. The author of "Old Dunstable," however, states that
he was at the battle of Bennington, and that he commanded a guard which
conducted the Hessians to Cambridge, after the battle of Saratoga. He
lived the remainder of his life in Dunstable, purchasing the house once
owned by Henry Farwell and in 1S77, occupied by his grandson Ebenezer
Bancroft, Esq. In September, 1S27, Colonel Bancroft met with an accident
by a fall and broke the thigh bone in the socket. He lingered several days
in great pain and died September 22, 1727, in the 90 th year of his age. He
was buried under arms, the band playing "Blue-Eyed Susan" on the way to
the grave as it was the only tune they all could play. He was, buried with
Masonic rites as he had become a member of a travelling lodge in the French
and Indian w r ar in 1755.

CAPTAIN LEONARD BUTTE RFIELD of Dunstable was a private in
Captain Leonard Whitney's Company, from March 31 to November 15 (en-
dorsed 1760). He was reported sick and was allowed "90 miles travel home."
From May 1 to January 10 (endorsed 1761-2), at that time called a resident
of Chelsmford, he was a Corporal in Captain Moses Parker's Company. Jan-
uary 23, 1775, he was chosen on a committee of Dunstable "to carry into
execution the agreement of the Continental Congress." He commanded a
company in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment on the Lexing-
'ton alarm, April 19, 1775, and served five days. A bounty of £5 per month
was voted him later for "Service on Guards att Cambridge." Xo further
service is on records in the Massachusetts Archives. Nason, the historian
of Dunstable, however, states that he is given as Captain in the "Alarm
List," May 1776; that he was drafted for the third time June 3, 1777, and
that he was in Captain Oliver Cummings's Campany in 1777-S. He died
November 17, 1800, aged 60.

CAPTAIN PETER COBURN of Dracut marched in command of a
company in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19,
1775. He was engaged for service in the Provincial Regiment under Colonel
Bridge, April 26, 1775. He fought in the battle of Bunker Hill and was re-

216 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

imbursed for losses in the battle. The nature and amount of the losses
were not specified however in the records. He serve: 1 through the year.

CAPTAIN CADWALLADER FORD. JR., of Wilmington, was the son of

Cadwallader and Mary Ford, born "November 27, 1743. As commander of
one of the companies in Colonel Ebenezer Regiment of Minute Men, he
marched on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775 and served twenty-one days.
The records state that he enlisted March 9, 1775, to "be ready at a minute's
warning till the last of June, 1775, and trained 10 half days." He died at
Wilmington October 15, 1804, aged sixty-one years.

» CAPTAIN JOHN FORD of Chelmsford, may have been the man of that
name who enlisted April 11, 175S, as a member of Captain Angier's Com-
pany in Colonel Joseph Williams's Regiment. He was a Captain in Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge Minute Mens Regiment April 19, 1775. Six days later he
was engaged for service in Colonel Bridge's Regiment in the Provincial Army
and served under that commander through the year. He was in the battle
of Bunker Hill and lost articles there. February 5, 1776, he was commis-
sioned a Captain in Colonel John Robinson's Regiment to serve until April 1,
1776. May 31, 1776, he was commissioned Captain in the 7th Middlesex
County Regiment. From July 11, to November 30, 1776, he was a Captain
in Colonel Jonathan Reed's 6th Middlesex County Regiment. He was en-
gaged September 27, 1777, as Captain of a volunteer company in the same
regiment and served until November 8, 1777.

CAPTAIN CHARLES FURBUSH of Andover, served in the French
and Indian war. Several terms of service are credited in 1756-S to men of
this name, but as his father, Charles also served it is impossible to separate
their records. The following extract from Bailey's "History of Andover"
gives a part of his record :

"Charles Furbush (Sr) had. a son of the same name. Charles the son, as
soon as he was of age was called to serve in the French and Indian war at
the forts on Lake George and Champlain. He was so young that his father
chose to enlist with him. Father and son camped and bivouacked together and
they were sleeping under the same blanket upon the ground one night, when
Charles awoke and found by the light of the moon shining in his father's face
that he was dead." According to family tradition he was in the battle of
Bunker Hill and was disabled in action and carried to the rear. He served
through the year in Colonel Bridge's Regiment and was first engaged for that

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 217

service April 25, 1775. An interesting family relic was the following invita-
tion: '''General Washington's Compliments to Captain Furbush and requests
his company to dinner today."

CAPTAIN JOHN HARXDEX, of* Wilmington, enlisted March 9. 1775, as
First Lieutenant of Captain Cadwallader Ford's Company, Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Zvlinute Mens Regiment. He was engaged as a Captain in Colonel
Bridge's Provincial Regiment, April 24, 1775, and probably served through
the year.

CAPTAIN OLIVER WILL LAXE is included in a list of the Officers of
Colonel Bridge's Regiment, dated May 26, 1775, with the word "recruiting"
following it. Xo further record of the man has been found in the Massachu-
setts archives.

I CAPTAIN JOHX ROWE, (also called JR), was the son of Lieutenant John
and Mary (Baker) Rowe, born in 1737. In a return dated at the camp at Lake
George, X r ovember 22, 1755, giving-a list of invalids belonging to Colonel Icha-
bod Plaisted's Regiment, is written against his name; "Judged unfit for ser-
vice." He w r as a private in Captain Samuel Glover's Company, Colonel
Joseph William's Regiment, from May 15 to October 10, (endorsed 1753).
Babson in his "History of Gloucester" states that he was a Sergeant in his
father's company but as the records in the Massachusetts archives show the
presence of Sergeant John Row and Private John Row both in the army in
1755, it is probable that the senior John Row was a Sergeant at that time, being
promoted to the rank of Lieutenant later. The son was engaged as Captain
in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment May 19, 1775. Babson states that
he was at Bunker Hill with his company, June 17. 1775. He served through
the year in this regiment. An account dated Gloucester, January 16, 1776,
shows that stores and money were given to Captain Rowe's Company when
it departed for headquarters. An official record of a ballot by the house of
Representatives, April 24, 1777, shows that he was chosen 1st Major in Colonel
James Collins's 6th Essex County Militia Regiment. He received his com-
mission the same day. Babson tells us in his "History of Gloucester," that
while at home on a furlough in 1776, he engaged in an attack upon a British
vessel off the Cape and was taken and carried a prisoner to Xew York. He
died on his farm at Pigeon Hill, about 1800.

CAPTAIX JOXATHAX STICKXEY of Billerica was the son of Captain
Daniel and Mary (Hill; Stickney of Billerica. He was born in that town Au-

218 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

gust 17, 1736. The author of the "History of Billerica" states that Jonathan
enlisted for the invasion of Canada in 1759, but no record of such service by a
man of that name and town is given in the Massachusetts Archives. He was
chosen Lieutenant of Captain Ebenezer Bridge's Company of Minute Men of
Billerica in March 1775, and was Captain of the Billerica Company in Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19, 1775. Six days later
he was engaged for service in Colonel Bridge's Provincial Regiment and he
served under that commander through the year. He was with his company
at the battle of Bunker Hill. March 10, 1777, he was one of a committee of
five chosen in Billerica "to Indent with persons to Inlist into the Continental
Service." He was a Selectman in Billerica in 1777 and 1787. In 17S5, he
was Major and led the Billerica Artillery in a snowstorm to Cambridge to
guard the Supreme Judicial Court in Shay's Rebellion.

CAPTAIN ARCHELAUS TOWNE (or TOWN) of Amherst, N.H., was
the son of Israel and Grace (Gardner) Towne of Middleton, Mass. He was
born in the last named town in 1734 and went with his father at the age of six
to Narraganset (now Amherst, N.H.) He was a man of remarkable strength
and endurance. He marched on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775, in
command of a New Hampshire Company in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute
Mens Regiment. Through May and June this company was one of the thir-
teen composing Colonel John Stark's New Hampshire Regiment and did valiant
service at the battle of Bunker Hill. In the first week in July the company
numbered about fifty men. Between the 3d and 7th of that month he had
been transferred to Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's 27th Regiment, Army of the
United Colonies. He presented a petition to the House of Representatives
(of N.H), in which he stated that he and his son, Archelaus Towne, Jr., did on
the 24th day of July 1777, "set out from Amherst, and marched and joined
the Continental army.- commanded by Gen. Gates; served as scout and did
duty as other soldiers; were in the battle on the 19th of September near Still-
water, and continued in the service until four days before Gen. Burgoyne
(surrendered, when being taken very sick, he was obliged to return home. That
neither himself nor his son had received any recompense for their services
from any person whatever; wherefore he prayed that the same allowance might
be made to himself and son that others had received for similar services." He
died at Fishkill, New York, November, 1779.

CAPTAIN JOHN TRULL of Tewksbury may have been the John Trull
whose name appears on the muster roll of Captain John Wright's Company,

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 219

dated Boston, January 1, 1756. It states that he was a sentinel and that he
entered service November 22, 1754 and served until August 3, 1755. An
endorsement shows that the company was at Fort Halifax. The name also is
found in a list of men under His Excellency" John, Earl of Loudon, out of Col-
onel Ezekiel Cushings' Regiment. He was reported as entitled to a bounty
of S10 and to have received therefor, £3. This was dated Falmouth, April 12,
1757. The name of John Trull appears on a card of David Trull of Tewksbury,
as said Trull's father or master in 1761. Captain John Trull commanded a
company in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19,177" ,
and served ten days. He was commissioned Captain of the 11th Company
(West Company in Tewksbury) in Colonel Simeon Spaulding's 7th Middlesex
County Regiment, May 31, 1776.

CAPTAIN JACOB TYLER was a member of the First Company of Andover,
Lieut. Colonel John Osgood, Commander, April 18, 1757. He was an Ensign
in Captain Peter Parker's Company from April 28 to December 11, 1760 and
Lieutenant in the same company from December 12, 1760 to March 30, 1761.
He was named as a Captain in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment and was
reported as "recruiting" in a regimental return dated May 26, 1775. No further
record of his service is given.

CAPTAIN BENJAMIN WALKER of Chelmsford may have been the
man of that name from Wilmington or Bradford, whose service is recorded
in the French war records at the Archives. He was a Lieutenant in Colonel
Moses Parker's Company of Minute Men which marched April 19. 1775. May
27th, he was commissioned Captain in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment.
He commanded his company at the battle of Bunker Hill and was wounded
and taken prisoner. He died of his wounds in August.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JEREMIAH BLANCHARD of Andover was a
member of Captain John Forster's 4th Company of Andover, which was in
Lieut. Colonel John Osgood's Regiment. This service was attested to April 19,
1757. From March 19 to October 23, 1757, he was a Corporal in Captain
Richard Saltonstall's command. A roll which included his name, was made
of a part of the above company at the capitulation of fort William Henry,
August 9, 1757. His name appears as Private in Captain Isaac Osgood's
Company, Colonel Ebenezer Nichols's Regiment, from April 7 to November 12
(endorsed 1758.) He enlisted April 25, 1775, as a Lieutenant in Captain
Charles Furbush's Company in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment and served

220 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

through the year. He was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in Colonel
Thomas Poor's Regiment, June 10, 1778. He is also described as a "Lieuten-
ant acting as Captain" during this service which terminated February 17,
1779. During the early part of this service he was in Captain David Whit-
tier's Company in this same regiment.

FIRST LIEUTENANT WILLIAM BLANCHARD of Wilmington was a
Sergeant in Captain Cadwallader Ford Jr's Company in Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment. He enlisted in the company March 9, 1775,
and responded with it to the Lexington alarm, April 19th. Five days later
he enlisted as a Lieutenant in Captain John Harnden's Company in the same,
regiment and served through the year. He probably was the Colonel William
Blanchard who died in Wilmington, January S, 1833, aged 82 years.

FIRST LIEUTENANT EBENEZER DAMON of Reading served as a
Sergeant under Captain William Williams from June 26 to December 2, 1760.
He was First Lieutenant of Captain John Bacheller's Company in Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. He served
through the year under the same officers.

FIRST LIEUTENANT ELIJAH DANFORTH of Billerica was the son of
Thomas and Rebecca (Simonds) Danforth and was born in Billerica August 8.
1737. In 1757, he served as a private in Captain Thomas Flint's Company,
Colonel Eleazer Tyng's Regiment, and marched for the relief of Fort William
Henry. From March 2S to December 1, 1759, he was a private in Captain
Jonathan Butterfield's Company, Colonel Eleazer Tyng's Regiment, at Crown
Point. He served as a private in Captain Silas Brown's Company from Novem-
ber 18, 1761, to July 1, 1762. From the latter date to November 16. 1762. he
was a private in Captain Gideon Parker's Company. April 25, 1775, he was
engaged as a Lieutenant in Captain Jonathan Stickney's Company, Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment, and served through the year. In 1776
he served as First Lieutenant of Captain Abishai Brown's Company in Colo-
nel Josiah Whitney's additional regiment for the defence of Boston. Jan.
1, 1777, he became a Captain in Colonel Thomas Nixon's 6th Regiment, Massa-
chusetts Line. He served in that command until he was retired as a super-
numerary February 1, 1779. March 24, 1777, he was added to the committee
of five "to Indent with persons to Inlist." He died about November, 1792.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JOHN FLINT of Tewksbury marched on the Lex-
ington alarm, April 19, 1775, as an officer of that rank in Captain John Trull's

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 221

Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment of Minute Men. When the
Provincial Regiment was formed he became Lieutenant of Captain Benjamin
Walker's Company in Colonel Bridge's Regiment and served through the year.
May 13, 177S, he was engaged as First Lieutenant in command of the company
in Colonel Thomas Poor's Regiment, -which was called the "late Capt. Law-
rence's Co." The company was raised to fortify the passes on the Xorth
River.

FIRST LIEUTENANT JAMES FORD of Nottingham, X.H., held that
rank in Captain Archelaus Towne's Company, in Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's
Minute Mens Regiment, April 19, 1775. He served in the same company in
the Provincial Army in May and June when it belonged to Colonel John Stark's
X.H. Regiment, and was at the battle of Bunker Hill. Early in July he re-
turned with the company to Colonel Bridge's Regiment and served through
the year. In 1776, we are told by the compiler of the Xew Hampshire Revolu-
tionary Rolls, that he was in Colonel "Lutwych's" Regiment. In 1777 he
commanded a compan) 7 from Xottinham West, N.H., in Colonel Moses X'ichols's
Regiment of New Hampshire, and had a hard experience at Bennington as
the following certificate shows:

state of ^ Th^ ma y certify that James Ford Esq being a Captain in ye Detach -
Hampshire j ment Commanded by Me upon the Right wing of Gen 1 Stark's Brigade
in the Battle of Walloonsuck Hill (so called) near Bennington on the 16th day
of August 1777 was very badly wounded by two Musket Balls which pass d
through his two thighs.

— Moses Nichols Col°"

He was paid September 19, 1777, for four months service in full. £24:03:00.
His pension commenced on that date and he was paid on account of it £24 :00 :00
in February, 177S. He recovered from his wounds sufficiently to re-enter
the service and in 1781 was Second Major of Lieut. Colonel Daniel Reynolds'
Xew Hampshire Regiment at West Point.

FIRST LIEUTEXAXT JOSIAH FOSTER (or FORSTER) of Dracut was
probably the man of that name who was a centinel in Captain William Lyman's
Company, from September 15, to % December 10, 1755; Sergeant in Captain
John Burk's Company June 23- October 22, 175S; and Second Lieutenant in
Captain Moses Parker's Company, Colonel Frye's Regiment at St. John. Nova
Scotia (now X.B.) from March 31, 1759, to July 23, 1760. He marched on the
Lexington alarm as First Lieutenant of Captain Peter Coburn's Company,

222 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment. He served under the
same commanders through the year. At the battle of Bunker Hill he lost
articles and was allowed 4 shillings for the following:

"To one ftrait bodied Coat £1:00:00

To one fword and belt " 0:18:00

To one Cartridge Box 0:04:00

Josiah Fofter."

He was a Lieutenant in Captain Joseph B. Varnum's Company, Colonel
Simeon Spaulding's Regiment. Endorsed "1777".

FIRST LIEUTENANT NATHANIEL HOLDEN of Dunstable was a
Selectman of the town in 1772 and a member of the committee of inspection
January 23, 1775. He marched as a Lieutenant in Captain Leonarl Butter-
field's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment. April 19,
1775. He was engaged April 24, 1775, as First Lieutenant in Captain Eben-
ezer Bancroft's Company, Colonel Bridge's Regiment, and served through the
year. From September 27 to November 16, 1776, he was a First Lieutenant
in Captain Zaccheus Wright's Company, Colonel Eleazer Brooks's 3d Middle-
sex County Regiment. He was a member of the committee of correspondence
in Dunstable March 4, 1776, and a member of the committee of assessors for
the First Precinct (now Tyngsborough) in the same year. In 1783, he was
on a committee to divide the town into school districts and served as a Select-
man in 17S7. He lived in that part of Dunstable which is now Tyngsborough,
on the margin of Howard's Brook, and bore the name of "Peacemaker."

FIRST LIEUTENANT JAMES LEWIS of Billerica was probably the
son of Benjamin Lewis of Billerica, who was born September 25, 1735. He
was chosen Second Lieutenant of Captain Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens
Company, in March, 1775, and was First Lieutenant in Captain John Stick-
ney's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19,
1775. He removed to Groton inT796 and died there June 12, 1S10.

FIRST LIEUTENANT ISAAC PARKER of Chelmsford was a Lieutenant
in Lieut. Colonel Moses Parker's Independent Company of Minute Men April
19, 1775. This company was led by Lieutenant in command, Benjamin Wal-
ker. He enlisted April 25, 1775, as Lieutenant of Captain John Ford's Com-
pany and was called First Lieutenant in a return dated September 25. 1775.
December 13, 1776, he was engaged to serve as Second Lieutenant in Captain

^■■:

. ■

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 223

John Minott's Company, Colonel Nicholas Dike's Regiment, for the defence
of Boston, stationed at Dorchester Heights. His commission for this service
was to date from December 1, 1776. He was First Lieutenant in Colonel Mich-
ael Jackson's 8th Massachusetts Regiment from January 1, 1777, to October,
1778, when he was honorably discharged. A certificate dated Medford, Feb-
ruary 15, 1779, signed by Lieut. Colonel John Brooks, showed that when in
service he was not absent except on furlough or on command. A gratuity
of £36, dated February 15, 1779, was drawn in his favor, allowed by resolve
of May 1, 1778.

FIRST LIEUTENANT MARK POOL of Gloucester was the son of Joshua
and Deliverance (Giddings) Pool. He was born after his father's death,
which occurred June 27, 1739. He was a private in Captain William Thomp-
son's Company, Colonel Ichabod Plaisted's Regiment, from March 30 to
December 3, 1756, at Fort William Henry and Crown Point. From March 20
to November 20, 1758, he was a private in Captain Andrew Gidding's Company,
Colonel Jonathan Bagley's Regiment. He held the rank of Sergeant in Cap-
tain Nathaniel Bayley's Company, from April 24 to November 14, 1759.
May 19, 1775, he was engaged as a Lieutenant in Captain John Rowe's Com-
pany, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Provincial Regiment, and served under the
same officers through the year. December 24, 1776, he was a Captain in
Colonel Timothy Pickering Jr's 1st Essex County Regiment. His name as
Captain appears in a list of officers appointed to command men drawn from
the brigade of General Farley in April, 1777. These troops were to reinforce
General Spencer at Rhode Island. He was Captain of a Company in Colonel
Jonathan Titcombs' Regiment for Rhode Island service n\ 1777 (May and
June), and held the same rank in Colonel Jacob Gerrish's Regiment of Guards
from November 13, 1777 to April 5, 1778. After the war he held the rank of
Major in the Militia. " He died February 11, IS 15, aged 76, "having been al-
ways held in high esteem for the undaunted bravery of his military career."

SECOND LIEUTENANT JAMES BANCROFT of Reading was a Ser-
geant in Captain Thomas Eaton's train band (year not given.) He was
Second Lieutenant of Captain John Bacheller's Company, Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment, April 19, 1775. On the 24th of that month,
he enlisted as Ensign under the same officers and served through the year. He
was commissioned May 6, 1776, Captain in Colonel Jonathan Fox's 2nd Mid-
dlesex County Regiment, and held the same rank in September-November
of the same year in Colonel Jonathan Reed's 6th Middlesex County Regiment,

224 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

at Ticonderoga. January 1, 1777, he was made Captain in Colonel Michael
Jackson's Regiment and served until December 31, 1770. He is also credited
with service in 17S0 to May 12th, when he was reported as resigned. The His-
torical Register of the Officers of the Continental Army calls him a Sergeant
and later a Lieutenant in Colonel Jackson's Regiment, but the records in the
Massachusetts Archives and his company rolls in the Essex Institute give an
abundance of proof that he held the rank of Captain. The Historical Register
above cited states that he served to June, 1783, and that he died April 2, 1803.
He was a member of the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati.

SECOND LIEUTENANT SAMUEL BROWN of Dunstable was probably
the man of that name who was a private in Captain Moses Parker's Company
at St. John, March 27 to September 7, 1759, and Corporal from September 8,
1759, to July 23, 1760. He was a Sergeant in Captain Reuben Butterfield's
Company, Colonel David Green's Regiment, which marched on the Lexington
alarm, April 19, 1775. May 27, 1775, he was commissioned an Ensign, also
called Second Lieutenant, in Captain Ebenezer Bancroft's Company, Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment. He was wounded in the left shoulder at the
Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. His name was on the Dunstable alarm
list in 1776.

SECOXD LIEUTENANT EBENEZER FITCH of Bedford was a Ser-
geant in Lieutenant Moses Abbott's Company, which marched from Bedford
on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775. May 27, 1775, his commission was
ordered as Ensign in Captain Benjamin Walker's Company, Colonel Ebenezer
Bridge's Regiment. He served through the year and was called Second Lieu-
tenant in a muster roll dated October, 1775. From January 1, to December
31, 1776, he was a First Lieutenant in the 11th Continental Regiment. He
died March 21, 1833.-

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOHN LEWIS of Billerica was a Corporal in
Captain Isaac Osgood's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Nichols's Regiment, from
April 1, to July 20, 175S, and a Sergeant in the same command, to November 4,
1758. He was Lieutenant of Captain Jonathan Stickney's Company, Coionel
Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19, 1775. April 25. he was
engaged as Second Lieutenant under the same officers and served through the
year. He was engaged as Lieutenant in Captain Solomon Pollard's Company,
Colonel Samuel Denny's Regiment, October 23, 1779. The regiment was
detached to march to Claverickand join the Continental Army for three months.

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 225

He was probably the John Lewis, born August 5, 1737, who was the son of
Benjamin Lewis of Billerica.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JOXAS or JAMES PARKER of Acton (also
given Chelmsford) may have been the James Parker who was a private in
Captain Benjamin Milliken's Company, Colonel Richard Saltonstall's Regi-
ment, enlisting April 22, 1756. April 25, 1775, he became an Ensign in Cap-
tain John Ford's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Provincial Regiment and
served through the year. He was also called Second Lieuetnant in a return
made September 25, 1775. He served through 1776 as Second Lieutenant
of Captain W. H.Ballard's Company, Colonel Asa Whitcomb's 6th Continental
Regiment, until August and First Lieutenant during the rest of the year.
January 1, 1777, he was commissioned a Lieutenant in Colonel Alden's 7th
Regiment, Massachusetts Line, promoted to Captain Lieutenant October 1,
177S, and to Captain June 5, 1779. During the latter part of this service the
7th regiment was commanded by Lieut. Colonel John Brooks. Captain Par-
ker was reported ' 'absent without leave from October IS, 17S0" and was dis-
missed from service January 24, 1781.

SECOND LIEUTENANT LEMUEL PERHAM of Dunstable was chosen
committee man of the Second Parish in that town in 1763-4. On the Lexing-
ton alarm, April 19, 1775, he marched as Second Lieutenant of Captain Leon-
ard Butterfield's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regiment,
and served ten days. June 12, 1775, he was a member of the committee of
Correspondence of Dunstable. February, 1776, he was commissioned First
Lieutenant of Captain John Ford's Company, Colonel John Robinson's Regi-
ment, to serve until April 1st. He was on the Dunstable alarm list in 1776,
and later in the year was given a bounty for six months service at Rhode
Island in 1777, although the record of this last named service has not been
found in the Massachusetts Archives. He served again as a member of the
Committee of Correspondence in 17S1.

SECOND LIEUTENANT JAMES SILVER of Methuen was a Sergeant
in Captain James Parker's Company, Colonel Ichabod Plaisted's Regiment
(Endorsed July 26, 1756). The record of this service shows that he was born
in Haverhill and resided in Methuen. He was 33 years of age and a cordwainer
by trade. April 25, 1775, he was engaged as Lieutenant in Captain Charles
Furbush's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment, and served in that
command through the year. He was called Ensign in some returns and his

226 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

commission as Second Lieutenant was recommended October 26, 1775. From
August 3 to September 30, 1779, he was First Lieutenant in Captain John
Kettell's Company, Major Nathaniel Heath's detachment of guards, and
Lieutenant in Captain Caleb Champney's Company in the same detachment
during the rest of the year.

SECOND LIEUTENANT ELEAZER STICKNEY of Tewksbury was the
son of William and Anne (Whiting) Stickney. He was born in Billerica Aug-
ust 30, 1740 and was admitted a member of the church there, June 5, 1763.
He marched in Captain Jonathan Brown's Company, Colonel David Green's
Regiment, on the Lexington alarm, April 19, 1775. May 24, 1775, he was
engaged as Second Lieutenant of Captain John Harnden's Company, Colonel
Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment, and served through the year. He died in
Tewksbury, January 5, 1824.

SECOND LIEUTENANT LUKE SWETT of Tewksbury held that rank
in Captain John Trull's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment of
Minute Men, April 19, 1775. April 28, he was engaged as Sergeant in Cap-
tain Benjamin Walker's Company, Colonel Bridge's Regiment, and served
through the year.

SECOND LIEUTENANT EBENEZER VARNUM of Dracut was a pri-
vate in Captain Moses Parker's Company from June 1, 1761, to January 10,
1762, at Ticonderoga and Crown Point. He was Second Lieutenant of Cap-
tain Peter Coburn's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Minute Mens Regi-
ment, April 19, 1775, and served in the same rank during the year. In some
returns he was called Ensign. He was at the battle of Bunker Hill and sent
the following account of losses:

"To one great Coat £1:00:00

To one filk Handkerchief . 0:06:00

To one Knap fack 0:03:00

1:13:00

Eben r Varnum.'

He was a Lieutenant in Captain Joseph B. Varnum's Company, Colonel
Simeon Spaulding's 7th Middlesex County Regiment, endorsed 1777. He
lived in the upper part of Dracut, near Pelham, and was a farmer by occupa-
tion. He was an own cousin of Colonel William Prescott. According to the
Varnum Genealogy he was over "six feet tall, very heavy with huge legs, and

COLONEL EBENEZER BRIDGE'S REGIMENT 227

up to the time of his death wore stockings and small knee breeches. He had
a stentorian voice and a powerful will." He left a large property when he
died March 13, 1813.

SECOND LIEUTENANT DAVID WALLINGFORD (or WALLINGS-
FORD) of Hollis, N. H. , was the son of Jonathan Wallingford of Bradford, and
was born in that town, Sept. 25, 1744. His name was first on the Hollis, N.H.,tax
list in 1770. He enlisted April 19, 1775, as a private in Captain Reuben Davis's
Company of Minute Men. He was engaged April 25, 1775, as Second Lieu-
tenant of Captain Archelaus Towne's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's
Regiment. He served as a private in Captain McDurrie's Company in the 2nd
New Hampshire Regiment which marched to join the Continental Army at
New York in September, 1776. In the summer of 1777, he was Second Lieu-
tenant of Captain Daniel Emerson's Company, Colonel Nichols's New Hamp-
shire Regiment, which marched on the Ticonderoga alarm. He was discharged
September 28, having served 71 days. He died at Hollis, N.H., march 12,
1791, "aged 45."

ENSIGN EBENEZER CLEAVELAND was the son of Reverend Eben-
ezer and Abigail (Stevens) Cleaveland. The father was a Chaplain in Colonel
Jonathan Ward's Regiment in 1775, and Colonel Paul Dudley Sargent's Regi-
ment, later in the war. May 19, 1775, he was engaged as Ensign in Captain
John Rowe's Company, Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's Regiment, and served
through the year. January 1, 1776, he became First Lieutenant of Captain
Josiah Fay's Company, Colonel Jonathan Ward's 21st Regiment in the Conti-
nental Army, and July 12th, was promoted to the rank of Captain. He served
as a Captain in Colonel Michael Jackson's Sth Regiment, Massachusetts Line,
from January 1, 1777 until he resigned, Cecober 3, 177S. He died November
26, 1822.

SOME ARTICLES CONCERNING MASSACHU-
SETTS IN RECENT MAGAZINES

By Charles A. Flagg

General. The Red and Blue war of 1909.
By Lieut. W. M. Pratt. (New England
magazine, Sept., 1909. v. 41, p. 777-

787.)

Barnstable. Barnstable vital records.
Transcribed by G. E. Bowman. (May-
flower descendant, July. 1909. v. 11,
p. 130-132.)

Part 14; series began Oct., 1900. v. 2, p. 212.

Dedham. Diary of John Whiting of Ded-
ham, 1743-17S4. Communicated by
J. F. Whiting. (Xew England historical
and genealogical register, Apr— July, 1909.
v. 63, p. 192, 261-265.)

Duxbury. Duxbury vital records. Tran-
scribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, July, 1909. v. 11, p. 148-
151.)

Part 9; series began Oct., 1906. v. 8, p. 23.
Essex County. Essex County notarial
records, 1697-1763. (Essex Institute.
Historical collections; Oct., 1909. v. 45,
p. 333-340.)

Part 12; series began Apr.. 19C5. v. 41, p. 183.

The French Canadians in Essex

County and their life in exile. By G. F.
Dow. (Essex Institute. Historical col-
lections, Oct., 1909. v. 45, p. 293-307.)

Newspaper items relating to Essex

County. (Essex Institute. Historical

collections. Oct., 1909. v. 45, p. 341-

349.)

Part 7 (1758-1759); series began Apr., 19C6.

v. 42.

214.

Gloucester. Revolutionary prisoners at
Gloucester, 17S2. By G. E. Merchant.
(Essex Institute. Historical collections,
Oct., 1909. v. 45, p. 350-352.)

From " Gloucester daily times," Jan. 11.1907.

Hadley. The original settlers of Hadley.
and the lots of land granted them. By
Dr. Franklin Bonneyand Elbridge Kings-
ley. (Grafton magazine of history and
genealogy, Aug., 1909. v. 2, p. 3-37.)

The tombstone inscriptions in the

old part of the Center cemetery at Had-
ley. By Dr. Franklin Bonney and El-
bridge Kingsley. (Grafton magazine of
history and genealogy, Aug., 1909. v. 2,
p. 38-55.)

Harwich. Harwich vital records. Tran-
scribed by G. E. Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, July, 1909. v. 11, p. 173-
176.)

Part 13; series began July, 1901. v, 3. p.174.

Ipswich. Ipswich voters in 1673. (Essex
Institute. Historical collections, Oct.,
1909. v. 45, p. 355-356.)

From Ipswich MS3. in Essex Institute.
Lawrence. A little Italy along the banks

of the Merrimac. By Joseph McCarthy.

(Xew England magazine, Sept., 1909.

v. 41, p. S32-S35.)
Middlfsex County. The development of

Middlesex Fells. By F. W. Coburn.

(New England magazine, Sept., 1909.
v. 41, p. 813-817.)

RECENT MAGAZINE ARTICLES

229

New Bedford. New Bedford. The won-
derful growth of a Massachusetts cotton
manufacturing city. By W. H. B. Rem-
ington. (New England magazine, Sept.,
1909. v. 41, p.S19-831.)

Pembroke, Gravestone records in the
Briggs burial ground, North Pembroke.
Inscriptions prior to 1S51. Copied by
J. W. Willard, S. W. Smith, A. M. Jones
and E. H. Whorf. (Mayflower descend-
ant, July, 1909. v. 11, p. 168-170.)

Plymouth Colony. Plymouth Colony
deeds. Transcribed by G. E. Bowman.
(Mayflower descendant, July, 1909. v.
11, p. 165-168.)

Part 29 (1657); series began in Apr., 1899.
v. 1. p. 91.

Plymouth Colony wills and inven-
tories. Transcribed by G. E. Bowman.
(Mayflower descendant, July, 1909. v.
11, p. 152-161.)

Part 29 (1652-1653); series began in Jan.,
1899. v. 1, p. 23.

Plympton. Gravestone records in a smal 1
cemetery in the north village of Plymp-
ton. Inscriptions prior to 1851. Copied
by S. W. Smith, J. W. Willard, E. H.
Whorf and W. J. Ham. (Mayflower de-
scendant, July, 1909. v. 11, p. 176-
177.)

Gravestone records in the Old ceme-
tery at Plympton. Inscriptions prior to

1851. Copied by J. W. Willard, S. W.
Smith, E. H. Whorf and W. J. Ham.
(Mayflower descendant, July. 1909. v.
11, p. 161-165.)

Part 8 (Shaw -Virgin): series b ?an in July
1906. v. 8. p. 50.

Provincetowx. The birthplace of Amer-
ican liberty. By Henry Waterman.
(Americana, New York, Aug., 1909. v.
4, p. 49S-502.)

Provincetown vital records. Tran-
scribed byG. E.Bowman. (Mayflower
descendant, July, 1909. v. 11, p. 187-
188.)

PartS, series began in Apr., 1907. v. 9, p. 100.

Scituate. Records of the First church of
Scituate. Transcribed by G. E.Bowman.
(Mayflower descendant, July, 1909. v.
11, p. 138-142.)

Part 4 (Admissions by Rev. S. Bowen) ; series

began in Apr., 1908. v. 10, p. 90.

Uxb ridge. Deborah Wheelock chapter,
D. A. R. By marcia P. Griswold, histo-
rian. (American monthly magazine,
Aug., 1909. v. 35, p. 419-420.)

Wellfleet. Records from the Duck Creek
cemetery, Wellfleet. Inscriptions prior
to 1851. Copied by S. W. Smith and
J. W. Willard. (Mayflower descendant,
July, 1909. v. 11, p. 142-145.)

Part 3 (Gill-Hinckley); series began July,

1908. v. 10, p. ISO.

■fejgi

THE GEORGE GARDNER HOUSE

Frank A. Gardner, M. D.

Old Salem is visited each year by many thousands of pilgrims who in their
mad rush to "do" the place, have little conception of the size of the original
township or of the great wealth of early colonial houses still standing within
those bounds. One of the many interesting groups of such houses can be
seen in West Peabody along what is known as the "Old Lowell Road." The
first of this trio as one journeys out from Salem is the Anthony Xeedham
house, at the crossroads formed by the modern Newburyport turnpike and
the Lowell road. This is a picturesque white leanto house nestled beneath the
trees of a fine old orchard. A half mile further along we came to the Joseph
Flint house and a mile beyond this, out toward the "Seven Men's Bounds"
we find the third house in our group, the Lieutenant George Gardner house.

This last named house, the subject of our sketch is the original domicile
erected on the George Gardner farm. George was the second son of Thomas
Gardner, Planter, who came to Cape Ann as overseer of the plantation in
1623-4 and moved with Roger Conant and the other "Old Planters" to what
is now Salem in 1626. Thomas Gardner the father was granted a farm lot of
100 acres on this same highway on the 20th of the 12th month in 1636.
This tract was just east of the Anthony Needham house above mentioned.
Thomas erected a house of the leanto type like the Xeedham and George
Gardner houses and it remained standing until October 1854, when it was set
on fire by a man who had formerly worked there as a farm hand.

In 1649 (25th of the 2nd mo.) George Gardner and his brothers Thomas,
Samuel and Joseph, were ordered to survey land, "for w ch they shall haue
allowance in pte of the medow for theire paynes." On the "30 th day" of
the following month, he was granted "4 acres of medow ... at the 7 mens
bounds," and forty acres of upland to be laid out near his meadow. The
"7 mens bounds" referred to was the line laid out between what is now West
Peabody and Lynnfield, the original bounds in that section between Salem
and Lynn. An interesting reminder of this old line still stands in the woods

a feSi _. *. - ^ • ■ _ Sr

* •,"■ C. m» Nfc,.y

; m

, .

I^^Sr

•:•

g :

5 »

8
«
o
w

THE GEORGE GARDNER HOUSE 231

a short distance to the south of the road, in the shape of a heap of stones,
piled up there to mark an angle in the line.

The land which was granted to George Gardner at that time lies between
the present Phelps' Mill station on the Salem and Lowell branch railroad and
the Lynnfield line. His holdings in this section were greatly increased in a
few years by additional grants as the following extracts from the town records
will show;

"27 th 2° m° 1654. Vpon the request of Sergeant Georg Gardner for a
small playne of vpland contayning about six acres lying and scituate neare to
Robert Moultons Jun' his medow & to the round hill neare mr Humfres flarme
and soe to that land that is graunted to flrances Perries: Accordingly it is
graunted.''

13, llmo, 1662. "Granted to Sergeant George Gardner that he fhall haue
a lott next to the land that runeth to his house by those lotts alredie laide
out and of the same size he payinge five pounds as others have done."

The following entry is made in the Book of Grants, p. 155: "By virtue of
an order from the Selectmen of Salem, directed unto Jeffrey Mafsey, Lit
George Gardner and myself or unto any two of us to lay out unto Seueral
persons seueral parcells of land between Humphries Farm & the farm formerly
belonging to Phelps on this side Ipswich River so called near the seven mens
bounds: — We accordingly laid out unto Lt. George Gardner One hundred &
ninety acres of said lande which was for seueral grants, which he bought of
seueral persons amounting unto soe much adjoining unto his own land, and
is bounded as followeth viz: to the widow Pope, Geoyles Corey, Humphres
Farm, and to Lynn bounds, and the Seven Men's bounds a little pine [tree]
by Boston path, . . . Goodman Buxton's land on the west, lying unto Lynn
bounds; Lt. Gardner Forty poles by the river unto Samuel Gardner's bounds;
Sam'l Gardner and John Robinson s land and a little red oak & a great White
Oak, between John Rubton & John Robinson & Lt Gardner's a little walnut,
John Rubton on the East, an oak standing near Lt. Gardner's meadow.

The return of the laying out of this land I formerly gave in unto the Se-
lectmen of Salem.

Attest Nathl Putnam,

Salem 24th. of Sept. 1697/'.

The above record was certified to by John Croade, Clerk, as being a copy
of an original entry made in the year 1665.

Lieut. George Gardner, the grantee, soon after he became possessed of the

232 THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

property, erected the house which is the subject of this sketch. He was born
in England and is first mentioned in the Salem Records in 1637 at which
time he received a grant of ten acres of lanl. In 1641 he became a member
of the First Church. He frequently served on juries and in September, 1663,
was appointed Lieutenant of the foot company. He also served as selectman.
He had large financial interests, trading with the West Indies and the other
colonies. In 1660 he set up the business of baking at his house on the eastern
side of Daniels Street, near the water, and in the following year went to
Barbadoes.

In 1663 or earlier he leased his farm to Thomas Gould, who remained on
it as a tenant through Lieut. George Gardner's life. About 1673, Lieut.
. Gardner went to Hartford, Connecticut, and he was a prosperous merchant
there until his death, August 20, 1679. He left a large estate in Salem and
his Connecticut possessions amounted to over £3000. This farm was de-
scribed in the inventory as containing "about 400 acres of upland & meddow
with the dwelling houfe & outhousing upon it now in poffeffion of Thomas
Goold." This was valued at £320:00:00. In his will he left this farm
to his son Samuel Gardner, but specified that his son Ebenezer should have
the income from the rental of it during his mother's life. We know from
the records that Thomas Gould was a tenant as late as 1684-5. Other land
adjoining was allowed him in 1796-7 making about four hundred and fifty
acres in all.

Captain Samuel Gardner the second owner of this farm was one of the
leading citizens of Salem during his long life. He held many town offices
and was a representative and deputy to the General Court. He was a suc-
cessful merchant and left a large estate when he died, in February, 1724.

A part of this farm was left to his grandson, John Higginson ; another
portion to the five daughters of his deceased son John Gardner, and the re-
mainder, including the portion with the farmhouse on it to the three sons of
John: — John, Daniel and Samuel. This property was distributed to the
heirs in 1733, and John and Samuel sold their shares in the farm to their
brother Daniel. The farm at this time was known as the Walden farm re-
ceiving that name from a lessee.

'Daniel Gardner, called in the records "gentleman" lived most of his life in
this old farmhouse. He held many town offices in Salem and in the new town
of Danvers, after the division in 1752. He also represented Salem in the
General Court in 1750. He died September 15, 1759, and left his estate to
his two sons Samuel and John. The farm is described in the inventory as

THE GEORGE GARDNER HOUSE 233

"220 Acres of Upland and Meadow with the buildings ftanding on the same
fcituate in sd Danvers ; £S pr. £1760." John Gardner died before July 0,
176S and Samuel purchased of the other heirs, their interest in his brothers
half of the farm. Samuel lived on the farm during his life. He held various
town offices and served on several patriotic committees during the revolution.

Samuel Gardner sold forty-eight acres of the farm to Ezra Upton, July 9,
1768. April 14, 1S0S, he sold the remainder of the farm, amounting at that
time to 150 acres, to his sons Asa and George Gardner, for $4,200, retaining
a mortgage for that amount on the same. These sons divided the farm
between themselves, October 14th of the same year, Asa retaining the west-
ern portion containing the old farmhouse. x\sa lived in the house during his
life. He was chosen surveyor of highways in 1818 and field-driver in 1812
and 1819. In the latter year he also served on the jury. He increased the
size of his land holdings by the purchase of forty-eight acres from his sister
Sally Walcott, July 22, 1835. He died March 9, 1S5S. He had no children,
and his widow, conveyed the homestead to Bowman Viles, October 18, 1S71.

The house has been well cared for and is in an excellent state of preserva-
tion. The first reunion of the Gardner Family Association was held there
August 14, 1907, when the old doors, projecting timbers and ancient panell-
ings were inspected and admired by all. The present occupants of the farm
Mr. George D. Viles and his wife gave the guests a hearty welcome and well
maintained the old time reputation of the house for its hospitality.

.: : -

JpprtmM of thl^intnranlltDoIutiBn

Frank A.Gar_d\er.M. IXEdi

State Brigantire Active.

In the spring of 1779, Captain John
Foster Williams in the "Hazard" captured
the brigantine "Active", Captain William
Simm (or Sims,) off St. Thomas, West In-
dies, after an action lasting thirty-seven
minutes, in which the American vessel
lost three killed and five wounded. The
prize arrived safely in Boston, as the follow-
ing extract from the records of the Board
of War will show:

"Ordered That m r I vers pay Samuel
Stibbens for piloting Brig Active to boston
Prize to the Hazard & gates.
April 14, 1779. £2-00-00"

"In the House of Representatives

Resolved that this state will and hereby
do renounce all Claim to the British Priva"
teer called the Active, William Simm, late
Commander, in favor of John Foster Wil-
liams, Commander of the Brig Hazard and
the Officers and Seamen thereof; and all
Claim to the Privateer Brig Revenge,
Edward Thompson late Master, in favor of
Capt. Allen Hallet, Commander of the Brig
Tyrannicide, the Officers and Seamen there-
of, in testimony of their approbation of the
spirit and good conduct of the said John
Foster Williams and Allen Hallet Esq"
Commanders of the said Briggs Hazard
and Tyrannicide, the Officers and Seamen
thereof, in Capturing the said British Priva-
teers and all persons concerned are directed
to take notice of this Resolve and govern
themselves accordingly.

In Council Read and Concurred
April 23, 1779.

Confented to by Fifteen of the Council."

An inventory of the "Active" was taken
April 24, 1779.'

"Ordered, That Captain Hopkins re-
ceive from Captain Gustavus Fellows &
Capt Martin the Brig a Active, with her
Boats Guns and all their appurtenances
& Stores agreable to Inventory."

"Ordered That M r I vers receive from
Capt Daniel Martin being so much paid
Samuel Stibbings through mistake y* 14 lh
inftant for Piloting the Brig Active a prize
to the Hazard and Gates. Board of War,
April 29, 1779. 12:00:00."

"In the House of Representatives.

The House made choice by Ballot of
Capt Allen Hallet to Command the Armed
Brigantine called the Active, lately pur-
chased by the Board of War.

In Council Read and Concurred.
Friday April 30, 1779.

Confented to by Fifteen of the Council"

May 1, 1779, the Board of War, "Ordered
ThatMrlvers . . . pay Labourers removing
the Brig Active from Rowe's to Grey
Wharf &c. 10:00:00."

The records of the Board of War for May 7
1779, state that, "Allen Hallet Esq r This
day produced a Commifsion from the Hon-
orable Council appointing him to the Com-
mand of the Armed Brig: Active."

Captain Hopkins was ordered to deliver
to Charles Willis for the Brig "Active."

Duck to the value of £615:00 :00

Twine " " " " 48:00:00

1 Cod line " " " 2:02:00

£665:02:00
"We the subfcribers do severally engage
and Inlist ourf elves as Officers Seamen <k

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Z60

Marines on Board the* Brig :'Active"under
the Command of Allen Hallet Esq r in the
Service'in^the State of^Mafsachufetts Bay,
for the defence and protection'of^Said State
to serve faithfully on board said Brig and
her Boats, and on board Such Vefsel or
Vefsels as may be made prizes by said Brig
for & during the term of Four Months
from the day of our Inlistment and until
our return to and proper discharge at Bos-
ton if the fervice should require it, on the
Establishment made for that purpofe.

And we do hereby bind ourselves to
Submit to all orders and regulations of the
Navy of the United States ofjXorth Amer-
ica and this State and faithfully to observe
and obey all such orders and Commands as
we Shall receive from time to time from
our Superior Officers on board or belonging
to the faid Brig Active and on board any
Such Boats or Vefsel or Vefsels as" aforesaid.
And it is on the part of the State that such
perfons as by land or fea ihall Loofe a Limb
in any Engagement with the Enemies of
these United States of America or be other-
wife incapable of gitting a Lively Hood,
Shall be intitled to the fame Pro vif ions as
the disabled Perfons in the Continental
Service. And it is 'further agreed that
there Shall be fix dead Shares, to be dis-
tributed by the Commiision Officers ofJ;b e
said Brig to Such non Commifsioned^officers
and Seamen as shall honorably distinguish
themf elves on the Courfe" of the Cruise
against the Enemies of these United
States.

Entered
Allen Hallet Captain May 23,

Solomon Hallet
Ifaiah Hallet
Georg Hallett
Enoch Hallet Junr

Ebenezer Sears " "

William Warren '" "

Samuel Chafe May 27,

Josiah Gage
James Gage
James Rallosom May 28,"

The "Active's complement in May, 1779,
was as follows:

Captain, Allen Hallet.

First Lieutenant, Roger Haddock.

Second Lieutenant, Peter Pollard.

Master, Cleaves Bean.
Lieutenant of Marines, Wm. Thompson.

Surgeon, Henry Stephens.

Surgeon's Mate, Gideon Frost.

21 other officers, 61 men and 11 bovs.

CAPTAIN ALLEX HALLET ha ! pre-
viously commanded the State sloop "Re-
public" and the privateer "Sturdy Beggar"
in 1776, the privateers "Starke" and "Amer-
ica" in 1777, and the State brigantine
"Tyrannicide" in 1779. A full account of
his naval career has already been given
in the Massachusetts Magazine, v.l, pages
106-7.

FIRST LIEUTENANT ROGER HAD-
DOCK was Prize Master of the State Brig-
antine "Hazard", Captain John Foster
Williams, from March 1, 1779, to April 20,
1779. He was engaged June 2, commissioned
June 2, 1779, First Lieutenant of the State
brig "Active."

SECOXD LIEUTENANT PETER POL-
LARD was commissioned December 21,
1777, commander of the privateer sloop
"Independence." July 20, 177S, he was
engaged as Prize Master of the State Brig-
antine "Tyrannicide", Captain John Allen
Hallet. He was engaged May 4, 1779,
Second Lieutenant of the State Brig "Ac-
tive" and was commissioned June 2 rA .

MASTER CLEAVES BE AX was en-
gaged in that rank on the "Active" May 4,
and commissioned June 2, 1779.

LIEUTENANT OF MARIXES WIL-
LIAM THOMPSOX (also called JR.) held
that rank on the State brigantine "Tyranni-
cide", Captain Allen Hallet, from July 15,
1778 to December IS, 1778. He was en-

236

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

gaged for the same service on the State brig
"Active", May 10, 1779.

SURGEON HENRY STEPHEN was
engaged for service on the "Active" May 12 t
and a warrant for service was issued June
25, 1779.

SURGEON'S MATE GIDEON FROST
was engaged to serve on the "Active" May
10, 1779.

"State of Mafsachufetts Bay,

Council Chamber, May IS, 1779.

Whereas information has been given to
this Board that there are five negroes lately
captured & Carried into Plymouth who
are willing to serve this State in some one
of the State vefsels as also a Negro Man
called Jack now on board the Guard Ship
in the Harbour therefore

Ordered that Cap 1 Hallet Commander
of the Brigan* Active be & he hereby is
directed to send some Officer to Plymouth
for the purpose of enlisting those five ne-
groes provided s d Negroes are yet free &
willing to enlist on board said Brig 1 as Sea-
men as also the Negro Man Jack a prisoner
on board the Guard Ship provided he is also
willing to serve on board s d Brig' and if
he shall so incline the Commif sary of Prison-
ers is hereby directed to liberate him.
True Copy
Atteft

John Avery D. Secy."

"Brigantine Active to Allen Hallet, Dr.

To cash disbursted at Portsmouth as per
following Acctt.
June 30th 1779.

To Mr Haddock's Bill for felf &

horse Exprefs to Boston £52-09-00

To hire of a horse & Sulkey for

above Express 46-16-00

To Elisha Hill's Bill for Smith's

Work 207-04-00

To John Marshall's Bill for

Carpenter's Work 93-19 06

To Joel Leigh ton's Bill of Sun-
dries as pr Bill 57-02-00

To John Gooch's Bill for Sun-
dries as pr Bill 4_io_00

To one pair Steelyards for Ships

Use 8-00-00

470-06-06

To Commifsions for advancing

the above Cash a 5 p.c. 23-10-00

£493-16-00'

The following order was presented in
payment of this bill and honored :

"Portsmouth, June 29, 1779.
At Sight
Gentlemen

Please to pay to M r Neal Mclntyer
or Order the fum of Four Hundred & Ninety
three pounds twelve shillings & six pence
Value received on acct Brigt n Active
in fo doing you will oblige

Your Humble Serv 1
£493:12:06 A. Hallet.

The Hon 1 Board of War, Boston
Pay it."

"Brig Active Dr to Account of Prizes
14 Six pound Cannon at 610

per pair 4270:00:00

209 Pound Six pound Shott

att 24— 130:16:00

226 dobble h d do 30— 339:00:00

280 Clusters Grape do for 6

pounders 30— 420:00:00

£5159:16:00

"Bill to Board of War to Thos Knox
Jun 17, 1778 To piloting the Brig

Active and tendance to Sea 25:00:00"
The "Active was one of the vessels in
Commodore Saltonstall's Squadron on the
Penobscot expedition and had 16 guns and
100 men. She was burned off Brigadier's
Island August 14, 1779 to prevent her
falling into the hands of the enemy.

•

„y

DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 237

Announcement for iqio.

The general plan followed during the
past two years will be continued and each
quarterly number of the magazine will
contain, as heretofore, a historical review
of one of the Massachusetts regiments
which served in 1775 and the record of one
of the vessels in the Massachusetts State
Navy in the Revolution. The following
ist shows the regiments and ships which
will be presented during the year:

January. Colonel Timothy Walker's
Regiment, composed of companies raised
in the County of Bristol.

April. Colonel Theophilus Cotton's Regi-
ment of Plymouth County men.

July. Colonel James Frye's Regiment,
made up of men from the County of Essex

October. Colonel Benjamin Ruggles
Woodbridge's Regiment, containing six
companies from Hampshire County, two
from Berkshire County, one made up of ,
men from both Hampshire and Worcester
Counties and one company from Essex
County.

January. State schooner "Diligent," Cap-
tain John Lambert.

April. State sloop " Machias Liberty,"
Captain Jeremiah O'Brien.

July. State sloop "Defence," Captain
Seth Harding.

October. State ship "Mars," Captain
John Lambert.

In addition to the above, various short
articles of interest to students of that
period will appear together with reports of
the doings of the various patriotic societies-
Further installments of the Ashley Bowen
diary will be presented, the notes therein
increasing in interest and value as the
per od of the American Revolution is ap-
proached. Patriotic movements will re-
ceive the cordial support of this depart,
ment, notably the one looking to a saner
and more dignified celebration of Independ-

ence Day and the one having for its ob-
ject the placing of memorial tablets upon
sites and buildings of historic interest.
The frightful loss of life and limb annually
recorded makes the former change impera-
tive, while the educational value of the
latter movement is apparent to all.

Field Day, Massachusetts Society, S A. R.

The annual Field day of the Society was
held at Salem, on Saturday, September 25,
1909. The members and their friends met
in the parlors of the Salem Young Men's
Christian Association at 10 A.M. where
they were recieved by the local committee.
At 10.45, line was formed and the members,
headed by the color guard of the Salem
Cadets under Sergeant Clay, proceeded to
the Broad Street Burying Ground, where
simple but impressive services were held at
the grave of Captain Jonathan Haraden.
Dr. Hicks, State Chaplain, offered prayer,
following which a large laurel wreath
bearing the colors of the Society was placed
upon the gravestone by State President
E. C. Battis. The colors were dipped by
the bearers and taps sounded by cornetist
Bernier of the Salem Cadet Band. The line
was re-formed and the members returned to
the hall, passing the house of the distin-
guished patriot, General Timothy Pickering.
The compatriots and their friends then
started out in groups under competent
guides and visited the many places of his-
toric interest in the Puritan city. At 12.30
they re-assembled in the Y. M. C. A. par-
lors and marched behind the colors to Ames
Memorial Hall where the dinner call was
sounded, after Chaplain Hicks had asked
the Divine blessing and the company was
seated. The hall was decorated with na-
tional flags and the colors of the society,
while bouquets of the dark purple Xew
England asters were on every table.

238

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

After dinner had been served, Honorable
E. C. Battis, President of the Massachu-
setts Society, welcomed the compatriots
with a few well chosen words and turned the
meeting over to Dr. Gardner, President of
Old Salem Chapter, S. A. R. An address
upon Captain John Haraden was then
delivered, a copy of which will be found in
this number of the Massachusetts Magazine.
In the introduction of the next speaker, Mr.
William C. Greene, President of the Rhode
Island Society, S. A. R., reference was made
to the invaluable service in the revolution,
rendered by his distinguished kinsmen,
Major General Nathaniel Greene. Mr.
Greene referred in a pleasing manner to the
historical ties binding Old Salem to Rhode

Island and showed that when Salem lost
Roger Williams, Rhode Island made a
great gain. The next speaker was Briga-
dier General Phillip Reade, U. S. Army
Retired, a kinsman of Colonel Jonathan
Reed who commanded the Gth Middlesex
County Regiment in the Revolution. He
spoke of his early ancestors in Salem,
making especial mention of the saintly
Rebecca Xourse. The last speaker of the
afternoon was Rev. Howard F. Hill D. D.,
President of the Xew Hampshire Society,
S.A.R. At intervals during the afternoon the
Salem Cadet Orchestra played patriotic se-
lections, the audience rising during the ren-
dering of "The Star Spangled Banner" and
the closing hymn "America."

5 3 /

ihtimsann f? lantern

**"* 16 2 0-1630 3!^®

Lucie M. Gardnlr. A. O.. E,di

Societies

MAYFLOWER SOCIETY.

Membership, Confined to Descendants of the 3/ay-
flcncer Passengers.
Governor — Asa P. French.
Deputy Governor — John Mason Little.
Captain — Edwin S. Crandox.
Elder — Rev. George Hodges, D. D.
Secretart — George Ernest Bowman.
Treasurer — Arthur I. Nash.
Historian — Stanley W. Smith.
Burgeon — William H. Prescott, M. D.
Assistants — Edward H. Whorf.

Mrs. Leslie C. Wead.

Henry D. Forres.

Mrs. Annie Quincy Emery.

Lorenzo D. Baker, Jr.

Miss Mary E. Wood.

Miss Mary F. Edson.

THE OLD PLANTERS SOCIETY.

Incorporated.

Membership Confined to Descendants of Settlers

in New England prior to the Transfer of the

Charier to New England in 1630.

Phesident — Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson,

Cambridge
Vice Pres. — Frank A. Gardner, M. D., Salem.
Secretary — Lucie M. Gardner, Salem.
Treasurer — Frank V. Wright, Salem.
Registrar — Mrs. Lora A. W. Underbill,

Brighton.
Councillors — Wm. Prescott Greenlaw, Boston.

R. W. Spragce, M. D.. Boston.

Hon. A. P. Gardner, Hamilton.

Nathaniel Conant, Brookline.

Francis H. Lee, Salem.

Col. J. Granville Leach, Phila.

Francis N. Balch, Jamaica Plain.

Joseph A. Torrey, Manchester.

Edward 0. Skelton, Roxbury.

The Fall meeting of The Old Planters
Society was held Thursday, Sept. 16, in
the historic town of Marblehead. Mem-
bers and friends had opportunity to visit
many of the places of interest about town,
gathering for the formal exercises at three-
thirty o'clock at the Lee Mansion, which
has recently become the headquarters of

the Marblehead Historical Society. After
a few words of cordial greeting Mr. Nathan
P. Sanborn, president of the local society,
gave a most interesting account of the life
of Col. Jeremiah Lee, builder and owner
of the famous old house.

Col. Jeremiah Lee was born at Man-
chester, Massachusetts, in 1721. As a
young man he came to Marblehead, went
into the shipping business and early iden-
tified himself with the interests of the
town. He held a commission as Colonel
in the Marblehead Regiment, was one of
the firewards, was one of the committee
appointed to draw up opposition to the
Stamp Act, was appointed a delegate to
the first Continental Congress, and was on
the Committee of Safety. He was wealthy,
but as his wealth was in shipping, his es-
tate became poor. His beautiful house,
built in 176S, was the resort of many fa-
mous people, including General Washing-
ton and the Marquis de Lafayette. He
died on May 10, 1775, leaving a widow,
two daughters and one son. On the death
of his widow in 1791, the house became
the property of Judge Sewall who sold it
in 1804 to the Marblehead Bank in whose
hands it has remained until this summer.
The house has much that attracts more
than a passing glance, especially the hand
carving, which at the present day, would
command a prohibitive price.

Mr. Sanborn was followed by Dr. Frank
A. Gardner, vice-president of the Old
Planters Society who read the entries of
the month of June, 1775, from the diary of
Ashley Bowen, a quaint character of old
Marblehead. The diary furnished inter-
esting contemporary comment on the stir-
ring events of the early days of the Revo-
lutionary War.

At the close of the meeting many of the
party went by ferry to the Neck, where a
basket lunch was enjoyed at Castle Rock.
The meeting was well attended and attest-
ed to the attractiveness of the field meet-
ing which has become an annual feature of
the society's program.

A Continuation of the Genealogical Dictionary of E^ex County Families, compiled until
Oct., 1909, by Sidney Petiey, Esq., in The Essex Antiquarian.

LUCIE MARION GARDNER, A.B., Editor

Essex was the

fou

le first county settled in the Mas^aclnif-etth- Bay Colony, and all the rc-conl* of early Macrae
ind in the probate, court and town records of thin county prior to the year IMUO are .'al
and published here in alphabetical form, and arranged genealogically when pOMIDle

rly Massachusetts families
athered

BROWNING NOTES

Thomas Browning, born about
1587, lived in Salem as early as 1636,
and had a house there as early as
1645. He lived in Topsfield, 16)9-
1661 and subsequently in Salem,
where he died Feb. — , 1670-1. His
wife Mary survived him. His daughter
Sarah married Joseph Williams in
Salem 20:9:1661 : and she was living
in Salem in 1719. Mr. Browning's
daughter Elizabeth married James
Symonds of Salem 20:9:1661, lived
in Salem and died before 1725. Mr.
Browning's daughter Deborah mar-
ried, first, John Perkins of Topsfield
Nov. 28, 1666 ; and he died there
May 19, 1668. She married, second,
Isaac Meachum of Salem, yeoman,
Dec . 28, 1669 ; and after 1682 removed
to Enfield, Conn, where they were
living in 1696. Mr. Browning had

another daughter who married

Towne of Topsfield, and they were
living in 1671. The estate of Mr.
Browning was appraised at £444: Is.

George Bruce of Marblehead, mar-
iner, married Hannah Hanover Sept.
21, 1773 in Marblehead; he died be-
fore April 1,1776, when administration
was granted upon his estate: she sur-
vived him and married, secondly George
Tishue, April 8, 1776 in Marblehead.

Reynold (Roland or Ronald) Bruce 1
of Marblehead married Miss Hannah
Blaney Oct. 28, 1756, in Marblehead.

She died in Marblehead, his widow
Oct. 9, 1811, at the age of eighty.
Chidren born in Marblehead:

1. Jonathan, 2 baptized July 22, 1759.

2. Hannah, 2 baptized Sept. 13, 1761.

3. William, 2 baptized April 29, 1764;

died voung.

4. David," 2 born Jan. 18, 1768: mas-

ter mariner; lived in Marblehead
. m. Sarah Chapman July 4. 1790,
in Marblehead: she was his wife
in 1809; he died Nov. 7, 182S,
aged sixty , children born in
Marblehead; David born Nov. 4,
1191, captain, married Alice Nut-
ting Feb. 14, 1814; died sudden-
ly of fever and ague Dec, 21,
1822, aged thirty-one; 2. Sally, 3
born June 21,_1794: 3. Eliza, 3
born May 24, 1797 ; married Am-
brose Gregorv, March 6, 1821;
4. William, 3 'born Oct. 1, 1799;
died at Batavia (received the
news Dec. 23, 1821); 5. Marv
Grant, 3 born June 2, 1S02;6.
Clarissa^ born May 21, 1805;
married Zephaniah Bassett of
Boston, March 24, 1S33; 7. Dan-
iel, 3 born Aug. 13, 1S07; mar-
ried Mary J. Shirly, June 20,
1830; 8. Maria, 3 born Oct. 15,
1809;* 9. Elizabeth Buffinton, 3
baptized Oct. 22, 1S09; married
William Hart of Lynn Sept. 29,

♦This is probably the record of Eliza-
beth's birth.

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

241

1833; 5. Jane,* baptized Tune 10.
1770; 6. William, 2 baptized
March 1, 1772.

BRUCE NOTES

Mary Bruce married Edward Hil-
ler in 1788. — Private Record in
Marblehead.

Joseph Bruce married first, Mary
Allen, Nov. 10, 1793 in Marblehead;
and second, Elizabeth Main, June

10, 1S04 in Marblehead. He lived in
Marblehead, died at sea (news was
received April 3) 1822, aged forty-
nine.' Children, born in Marblehead
1. John Trefry, baptized May 11,
1794; 2. Joseph, baptized Dec. 25,
1796; lost overboard at sea (news re-
ceived Dec. 17, 1819; 3. Marv, bap-
tized Feb. 3,1799; 4. William Allen,
baptized Oct. 31, 1802; 5. Thomas
Maine baptized Nov. 9, 1806;
"drowned siting a Net at Cape Ann"
Nov. 13, 1823 aged seventeen. —
Marblehead records.

Lewis Bruce married Hannah Batt's
(published March 8, 1784); Revo-
lutionary soldier; died July 1, 1828,
at the age of sixty- six ; children:

1. Salley born June 10, 17S4; married
Nathaniel Richardson Dec. 31, 1806;

2. Lewis, born May 3, 1786 ; 3. Han-
nah, born Nov. 13, 178S; died Oct.
18, 1805; 4. William, born July 14,
1791; died Oct. 8, 1839; 5. Lot,
born Oct. 7, 1793; died Sept. 25,
1813; 6. Harriet, born April 1, 1796;
married Timothy Johnson, Jr., May

11, 1818; 7. George, born Sept. 13,
1798 ; died by accident Oct. 14, 1824;
8. Mary, born Nov. 29, 1801; mar-
ried Jacob I. Johnson Nov. 5, 1820.
— Lynn Records.

Administration upon the estate of
Thomas Bruce of Marblehead. mar-
iner, was granted Jan. 2, 1770. His
estate was valued at £5 135. 2d;
and included one pair of silver buck-
les, clothing, wages due from Capt.
Samuel Poate, "3 months & 20 days
Hospatell money" etc. —

Probate records.

Jonathan Bruce married Alice
Utley, both of Salem Feb. 14 17S2.—
Salem Town Records.

George Bruce of Woburn, butcher
was married out of Salem, May 30,
1791. — Salem Town Records.

George, Ester, William, Sarah,
Francis, Lathe, John, and Polly,
children of George and Ester Bruce,
baptized Nov. S, 1795. — East church
(Salem) records.

BRUER NOTES

John Bruer of Rowley published
to Hannah Dodge of Ipswich, June
3, 1789. — Rowley town records.

— Bruer married John Tomson
aboutl690. — Salisbury town records.

Elizabeth Bruer married Samuell
Ingolls Feb. 2, 1681.

Mary Bruer married John Richards
Nov. 18, 1674

Sarah Bruer married Samuell
Graves March 12, 1677-8.

Thomas Bruer married Elizabeth
Graves Dec. 4, 1682.

BRUMAGIN NOTES

Katherin Brumagin married Jona-
than Johnson June 11, 1745.

— Lynn town records.
Richard Brummingham married
Lydia Rhoades Jan. 11, 1757.

— Marblehead church records

242

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

BRUNIER NOTE

Louis de la Brunier (Brunnier)
married Lucy Challis March 12, 1789
children: Louis, born June 27, 17S9
Gideon Challice, born April 13, 1S02
Lucy Challice.

— Gloucester town records.

BRUNSON NOTE

Joanna Brunson married John Mare
July 18, 16S2. — Salem town records.

BRYANT NOTES

Benjamin Briant married Eliza-
beth Obear Nov. 21, 1790; she died
Jan. 7, 1833, aged seventy-one ; chil-
dren : Betsey, born Sept. 5, 1791;
Rebecca, born Oct. 19, 1793; James,
born July 4, 1795; Benjamin, born
Feb. 9, 1797; Anna, born May 26,
1799, died Aug. 23, 1S00; John
Graves, born Jan. 29, 1801; Jonathan,
born Nov. 26, 1802; William, born
Nov. 24, 1S04.

Mary Bryant died in 1749.

John Bryant of Lynnfield married
Anna Larcom, at Lynnfield, Aug. 4,
1761. — Beverly records.

Mrs. Elizabeth Bryant married Lt.
James Andrews April 16, 1765.

— Boxford town records.

Andrew Bryant of Haverhill mar-
ried Sally Endicott Dec. 23, 1798.

Lucy Bryant published to Joseph
P. Morton June 30, 1798.

— Danvers town records.

Thomas Bryant married Marv Jos-
lin Oct. 28, 1712; child: Elizabeth,
born Sept. 24, 1713.

Mary Bryant married James De-
merit March 7, 1727.

William Briant married Sarah
Smallman April 2, 1734.

— Gloucester town records.

William Bryant of Plaistow mar-
ried Anna Whittaeker of Haverhill
Dec. 4, 1755; yeoman; lived in Ha-
verhill; she was his widow in 1801,
lame and infirm; his will, dated May
6, 1797, was proved Jan. 6, 1800;
children, born in Haverhill: David,
born Oct. 10, 1756; living in 1797;
Anna, born Feb. 11, 1759; married
Jonathan Johnson before 1797; Bet-
sey, born Oct. 28, 1760; died May 19,
1764; James, born Feb. 23, 1763; not
mentioned in his father's will in 1797;
Betsey, born May 3, 1767: married in
1797rWilliam, born April 14, 1770;
living in 1797; Mary, born Sept. 26,
1773; unmarried in 1797; Andrew,
born Jan. 15, 1776; living in 1797;
Matthew, born Apr. 22, 1779; living
in Haverhill, laborer, in 1800, and
died before Apr. 1S01 ; Hannah, living
in 1797; Calvin, under twenty-one
years old in 1797.

John Bryant, lived in Lynnfield,
husbandman, as early as 1744 : wife
Anna, 1770-1792 (dau. of William
Richardson of Lynn, yeoman?); he
died Oct. 5, 1795, aged seventy-three;
she died in Lynnfield Aug. 29, 1S12,
at the age of eighty; children, born in
Lynn: 1. Mary 2 , born May 12, 1746,
married Jephthah Tyler of New Marl-
boro, Oct. 9, 1765; and was living in
1792; 2. Jonathan 2 , born Jan. 13,
1748; lived in Lynn; married Sarah
Norwood Dec 4, 1770; died in Lynn,
" after a lingering and painful illness
of about 3 months of something sup-
posed to breed in his head," April 4,
1775, aged 27; children: 1. John 3 ,
born April 14, 1771; lived in Lynn-
field; yeoman; in 1796 he was weak
and unable to travel ; married Eunice
Shelden Oct. 30, 1790; he died in
Lynnfield Sept. 11, 1827, aged fifty-

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

243

six; 2. Anna 3 , baptized Aug. 13, 1775;
died in Lynnfield March 17, 1797 at
the age of twenty-four; 3. Sarah 3 ,
baptized Aug. 13, 1775; 4. Elizabeth 2 ,
born Nov. 10, 1749; married Joseph
Emerson of Chelmsford Sept, 20, 1768)
5. Sarah 2 , born May 14, 1753; mar-
ried Jacob Parker of Hopkinton May
28, 1771; 6. Lydia 2 , born June 15,

1755; married Gowin before

1792; 7. Benjamin 2 , born Oct. 6, 1757;
living in 1792. — Records.

Margaret, wife of John B riant, died
" of something supposed to breed in
her brain," June 4, 1759.

John Briant, Jr., died ''of fever and
canker," March 7, 1766, aged twenty-
one. — Lynn church records.

Elizabeth, daughter of Thadeus
Brian, died Oct. 26, 1675.

Mary, daughter of Thadeus Brian,
died Oct. 19, 1675.

Katherine Bryant of Andover pub-
lished to Joshua Burnham June — ,
1778. — Lynn town records.

Mehitable Bryant published to
Samuel Starns of Middleton Oct. 4,
1761. — Lynn town records.

Peter Brian married Mary Jones
Nov. 24, 1776,

George Briant married Mary Mackr
intire Nov. 10, 1767.
Mrs. Marv Briant married John Las-
del Sept. '27, 1778.

— Marblehead town records.

Hepzibah Briant married Samuel
Stearns Dec. 2, 1761.*

— Middletown town records.

* Samuel Stearns of Middleton, husband-
man, was appointed guardian of Tabitha
Bryant, under fourteen years of age,
daughter of Jeremiah Bryant of Reading
Jan. 10, 1763. — Essex County Probate rec-
ords.

Miss Patience Bryant of Xewbury-
port, married Nathan Lunt of New-
bury, Jan. 13, 17S5.

— Newbury port town records.

Hannah (Joanna — publishment)
Bryant married Jacob Averill, Jr.,
Nov. 23, 1752. —Topsfield town records.

Joanna Bryant, a young woman,
daughter of Richard Bryant, baptized
Oct. 28, 1744.

— First church (Salem) records.

Richard Bryant of Salem, mariner,
married Sarah Flint Nov. 10, 1720;
she was his wife in 1731; he was liv-
ing in Salem in 1733: children, born
in Salem: Richard, born June 11,
1721; Sarah, born Oct. 9, 1723.

— Records.

Daniel Flint of Wenham appointed
guardian of Sarah Briant aged up-
ward of fourteen years, minor, daugh-
ter of Daniel Briant of Salem, de-
ceased, Jan. 1, 1738-9. — Probate
records.

Job Bryant married Marv Dodd,
both of Salem, May 2, 1792.— Salem
town records.

Joseph Bryant of Salisbury*, black-
smith, lived there 1751-1759; married
Jedediah (Jedida. Zedidee) Wheeler
April 14, 1753, in Salisbury; he died
in the winter of 1758-9, administra-
tion being granted on his estate to
his widow Jedida Briant of Salisbury
Feb. 5, 1759; she married, secondly,

Short before 1770: the children

of Joseph and Jedida Bryant were
born in Salisbury as follows: Sarah.
born Jan. 31, 1755; living in 1770:
Patience, born July 14, 1758; living
in 1770. — Records.

John Bryant, Jr., of Lvnnfield, yeo-
man, 1788-1794.

244

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Timothy Bryant of Salem, mariner,
1796. —Registry of deeds.

Timothy Bryant of Reading, mar-
iner, warned out of Salem May 30,
1791. — Salem town records.

Mary, Sarah and Samuel, children
of Job and Mary Bryant, baptized
April 24, 1796, in East Church (Sa-
lem) records.

Timothy Bryant's children, bap-
tized Timothy. Mary , 17S9; and

Lydia, Aug. 9, 1795. — North church
(Salem) records.

BUYERS NOTES

Jane Bryers married William Gil-
ford Sept. 6, 1763. — Danvers town re-
cords.

Jacob Bryor, married Elizabeth
Burne (published Jan. 25, 1766) ; son
John, born April 27, 1777.

Jacob Brvor married Sarah Little-
hale March "29, 1787.

— Gloucester town records.

Elias Brian also Bryer) married
Mary Pitman, June 2, 1726. He was
a fisherman, and they lived in Mar-
blehead in 17 IS, 1761, and he was
living there in 178S. — Records.

Elias Bryars married Elizabeth
Gale April 21, 1799.— Marblehead
town records.

Richard Bryer married Ellena
Wright Dec. 21, 1665; and she died,
his wife, Aug. 29, 1672. — Newbury
town records.

Sally Briers published to Samuel
Swasey, both of Salem, Dec. 7, 1793.

BRYSON NJT2

Sarah Bryson (?) published to Eb-
enezer Collins, both of Salem, Dec. 27,
1735. — Salem town records.

DESCENDANTS OF JOSEPH
BUBIER OF MARBLEHEAD.

The name of Bubier is variously
spelled in the early records of Essex
County, as Boober, Boobier, Booby,
Bubier, etc. The first of the name in
the country was

Joseph Bubier 1 . He was a fish-
erman and lived in Marblehead. He

married, first, Jane , who was

called granddaughter of Richard Ben-
nett. She was living in 1695, and
was dead the next year. He mar-
ried, second, Rebecca, widow of Wil-
liam Pinson (or Pinsent), of Salem,
Jan. 1, 1696-7. Mr. Bubier died be-
fore Sept. 22, 1701, when adminis-
tration was granted upon his estate,
which was appraised at £320. His
wife, Rebecca, survived him and
married, thirdly, Robert Bartlett,
Dec. 24, 1702.

Children : —

2 — i. Christopher 2 , "eldest" son 1702.
See below (2).

3 — ii. Jane-, bapt. April 28, 1695, in
Marblehead; m. Nicholas Pick-
ett Oct. 28, 1703.

4 — in. Mary 2 , bapt. April 28, 1695 in
Marblehead; " youngest daugh-
ter," 1707; was brought up
by William Heraett of Mar-
blehead, husbandman, to whom
she was a maid, and in his will
he gave her his house and land
in Marblehead, goods, stock,
etc. She married Francis Bou-
den, Sept. 22, 1707; and died in
1748.

Christopher Bubier 2 was a fish-
erman and mariner and lived in Mar-
blehead. He married Miss Margaret
Palmer of Marblehead, Aug. 11, 1700;
and died before Oct. 11, 1706, when
administration was granted upon his

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

245

estate which was appraised at £113,
145. Id. She survived him, and mar-
ried, secondly Andrews.

Children (only one surviving Mr.
Bubier) born in Marblehead: —

5—i. Joseph 3 , bapt. Feb. 6, 1703-4.

See below (5).
6 — ii. Christopher 3 , bapt. June 16,

1706. See below (6).

Joseph Bubier 3 , baptized in Mar-
blehead Feb. 6, 1703-4. He was a
fisherman and lived in Marblehead.
He married Mary Stacy Feb. 8, 1724-
5; and died before Dec. 30, 1741,
when administration was granted on
on his estate. She survived him.
Children, born in Marblehead: —

7 — i. Margaret 4 , bapt. Oct. 2, 1726.

8 — ii. Joseph 4 , died young, bapt. July
7, 1728.

9— in. John 4 , bapt. Oct. 26, 1729.
10— rv. Mary 4 , bapt. June 13, 1731.
11— v. Margaret 4 , bapt. Aug. 26, 1733.
12 — vi. Christopher 4 , bapt. Aug. 3, 1735.
13 — vn. William 4 , bapt. June 26, 1737.
14 — vin. Hannah 4 , bapt. Sept. 3, 1738.

Christopher Bubier 3 , baptized in
Marblehead June 16, 1806. He was
first a shoreman, then a coaster, then
a merchant, and the last twenty-five
years of his long life a yeoman. He
married Margaret LeVallier Oct. 30,
1726; and she died Feb. 2, 1782, at
the age of seventy-three. He died at
the home of his daughter Sarah
Besom, in Marblehead, June 30, 1789,
at the age of eighty-three. His es-
tate was valued at £758, 10s. : 2d.

Children, born in Marblehead : —

15 — i. Mary 4 , m. John Bassett, Nov. 1,
1750: and d. before 1789.

16—n. John 4 , bapt. May 27, 1733. See
below (16).

17 — in. Sarah 4 , bapt, Sept. 28, 173.5; m.
Philip Besom of Marblehead,
mariner, Sept. 30, 17.31; and
was his widow in 1790.

18 — iv. Joseph 4 , bapt. Jan. 1.5, 1737-8.
See below (18).

19— v. Pete 4 , bapt. March 2, 1739-40.
See below (19).

20— vi. Margaret 4 , bapt. Apr. 18, 1742;
m. Capt. Thomas Grant of
Marblehead, goldsmith. July 12,
1761, and d. before 1789.

21 — vn. Grace 4 , bapt. Apr. 1, 1744; m.
Joseph Prentiss of Marblehead.
merchant, before 1789.

22 — viii. William 4 , bapt, March 30, 1746.
Sec below (22).

23 — ix. Christopher 4 , bapt. June. 17,
1750.

Capt. Johx Bubier 4 , baptized May
27, 1733. He was a mariner and
lived in Marblehead. He married Ruth
Darling May 23, 1754; and died before
June 5, 1770; when administration
was granted upon his estate. She
survived him and died, his widow, in
Marblehead, Jan. 13, 1791, at the age
of fifty-six.

Children, born in Marblehead: —

24 — i. Christopher 5 , bapt. Nov. 17,
1754.

25 — ii. John 5 , bapt Feb. 13, 1757.

26 — in. Benjamin 5 , bapt. Jan. 28, 1759.
See below (26).

27 — iv. Joseph 5 , bapt. May 24, 1761.

28 — v. Peter s , bapt. Oct. 2, 1763; mar-
iner; lived in Marblehead: m.
Hannah Collyer Sept. 16, 1792;
he d. before March 26, 1778.
when administration was grant-
ed upon his estate and she was
his widow of Marblehead in
1799.

29 — vi. Henry 5 , bapt. Feb. 16, 1766; mar-
iner; lived in Marblehead; and
administration was granted
upon his estate in 1799.

246

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Capt. Joseph Bubier 4 , baptized in
Marblehead Jan 15, 1737-8. He was
a mariner, and lived in Marblehead.
He married Miss Mary Adams * of
Marblehead April 19, 1759; and died
Dec. 20, 1783, at the age of forty-five
years, eleven months and eighteen
days. She survived him and was his
widow in 1796.

Children, born in Marblehead : —

30 — i. John 5 , bapt. Nov. 4, 1759; living

in 1789.
31 — ii. Mary 5 , bapt. March 28, 1762; m.

John Curtis Aug. 4, 1782; and

was living in 1789.

Capt. Peter Bubier 4 , baptized in
Marblehead, March 2, 1739-40. He
was first, a mariner, and subsequently
a shoreman, and lived in Marblehead,
except in 1777 and 1778, when he
lived in Lancaster. He married first,
Mary Hooper, May 14, 1761; and she
died Aug. 28, 1738, at the age of
twenty-four years and seven months.
He m. second, Miss Abigail Chipman,
Jan. 29, 1769, and died before Nov.
11, 1790, when administration was
granted on his estate. His wife, Abi-
gail, survived him, and died in Mar-
blehead, his widow, May 30, 1815.
She was living in Sterling in 1793 and
1794.

Children, born in Marblehead: —
32 — i. Sarah 5 , bapt. Aug. 14, 1763; d.
Aug. 8, 1781, at the age of
eighteen.
33 — ii. Mary 5 , bapt. June 22, 1766; m.
Joseph Barker, 3d, of Marble-
head, coaster, July 24 (29?;,
1784; and was living in 1789.
34 — in. Abigail' 1 , bapt. Nov. 12, 1769;

unmarried in 1789.
35 — iv. John 5 , bapt. Sept. 8, 1771; d.
Sept 6, 1772.

36— v. Peter 5 , bapt. Julv 18, 1773; mar-
iner; lived in Marblehead; died
before July 13, 1793; when ad-
ministration upon his estate
was granted to his mother.

37— vi. John 5 , d. Feb. 24, 1777.

38— vii. Sophia Mellex 5 , d. Oct. 22, 1780.

39 — viii. Elizabeth 5 , bapt. Aug. 14, 1785;
d. Aug. 13, 1786.

William Bubier 4 , baptized in Mar-
blehead March 30, 1746. He was a
goldsmith and lived in Marblehead.
He married Deborah Howard, June
19, 1770; and died before Sept. 4,
1792, when administration upon his
estate was granted. She survived
him and died, his widow, in Marble-
head, Sept. 18, 1808, at the age of
sixty- two.

Children, born in Marblehead: —

40 — i. Elizabeth 5 , bapt. Nov. 18, 1770;

unmarried in 1789.
41 — ii. Deborah 5 , bapt. June 21, 1772;

unmarried in 1789.

Benjamin Bubier 5 , baptizedT^in
Marblehead Jan. 28, 1759. He was
a mariner and lived in Marblehead.
He married Jane Dixcey Nov. 15,
1779; and died before 1791. She
survived him* and died in Marble-
head of consumption Oet. 25, 1830,
at the age of seventy.

Child, born in Marblehead: —
42—1. Ruth 8 , bapt. May 2, 1779; of
Marblehead: unmarried in 1797.

NOTES

John Bubier, mariner, lived 'in
Marblehead, in 1805. Administration

* Jane, "spurious" dau. of Jane Bubier,
bapt. Aug, 21, 1789. — Marbleliead Church
Records.

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

247

granted his widow, Hannah, Jan. 15,
1805, of Marblehead.

Child, born in Marblehead: —
1. Joseph, baptized May 30, 1784;
lived in Marblehead ; mariner in
1810. He married Mary Dodd
Oct. 30, 1808. He died in Cal-
cutta. Administration granted
to his widow Mary Bubier of
Marblehead July 18, 1810.
Christopher, son of Christopher Bu-
bier, baptized Sept. 22, 172S.

John Bubier married Hannah
Wadden Nov. 5, 1781.

John Bubier married Hannah Jar-
vis Jan. 1, 17S4. Children of John and
Hannah Bubier: Barbara, baptized
May 11, 1783; Christopher, baptized
March 26, 1786; Hannah, baptized
Oct. 4, 1789; John, baptized Aug. 24,
1788; John, baptized Sept. 23, 1792;
Mary, baptized Jan. 15, 1786; Sarah,
baptized June 12, 1791.

Hannah, daughter of Joseph and
Hannah Bubier, baptized Jan. 20,
1788.

Christopher Bubier married Eliza-
beth Laskey July 28, 1778.

Mrs. Elizabeth Bubier married Ed-
ward Grace Sept. 1, 1788.

Henry Bubier married Elizabeth
Hooper Aug. 26, 1786.

— Marblehead records.

Mary Bubier married Thomas Oli-
ver of Aronsick Feb. 28, 1742.

Peter Bubier published to Mary

Martin Oct. 12, 1782. She died be-
fore marriage.

Sarah Bubier married Samuel
Wormstead Dec. 27, 1762.

— Marblehead records.

Widow Elizabeth Bubier of Mar-
blehead was appointed administratrix
of estate of Christopher Bubier Jr. of

Marblehead, fishermen, July 9, 1788.
— Probate records.
Mary daughter of Christopher Boo-
ber, baptized ..larch 21, 1730-1

Gloucester church records.

Christopher Bubier lived in Marble-
head. He married Sarah Horton Oct.
3, 1754 in Marblehead. She was ap-
pointed administratrix of his estate,
Feb 2, 1761. She was living, his
widow in 1762.

Children baptized in Marblehead:

1. Mary Oct. 19, 1755.

2. Christopher Aug. 11, 1757

3. John Horton Nov. 18, 1559.

DESCENDANTS OF EBENEZER
BUCK OF HAVERHILL.

Ebenezer Buck 1 , son of Ephraim
and Sarah (Brooks) Buck, born in
Woburn May 20, 1689; was a weaver,
married (probably second wife) Miss
Judith Weed of Amesbury Feb. 21,
1722-3; and came to Haverhill to
live. He conveyed his homestead in
Haverhill to his son Jacob in 1750,
and died in 1752; his will, dated
March 9 1752, being proved June 29,
1752. She survived him.

Children : —

2 — i. Jonathan 2 , eldest son, 1752. See
below (2).

3 — ii. Lydia 2 , b. about 1715; d. Oct. 11,
1736, aged twenty-one years.

4 — in. Ebenezer 2 , b. about 1717, d.
May 14 (15?) 1736 aged nine-
teen.

5 — iv. Mary 2 , b. April 21, 1724, in Ha-
verhill; m. Nathaniel Green
July 16, 1741; and d. Oct. 8,
1741.

6 — v. Asa 2 , b. June 23, 1726 in Haver-
hill; d. Oct. 28. 1741.

248

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

7 — vi. Jacob 2 , b. June 10, 1731 in Ha-
verhill. Sec below (7).

8 — VII. Phebe 2 , b. May 21, 1741; d. Feb.
2, 1741-2.

Jonathan Buck 2 , a mariner along
the coast, lived in Haverhill. He
married Miss Lydia Morse of Newbury
Oct. 19, 1742; and was living in
Haverhill in 1771.

Children, born in Haverhill: —

9—1. Ebenezer 3 , b. March 21, 1743; d.

Sept. 21, 1744.
10—n. Asa 3 , b. Aug. 29, 1744; d. Feb. 7,

1747-8.
11 — in. Lydia 3 , b. April 20, 1746; d. Sept.

15, 1753.
12— iv. Jonathan 3 , b. April 3, 1748. See

below (12).
13— v. Mary 3 , b. Sept. 29, 1750.
14 — vi. Ebenezer 3 , b. April 25, 1752.
15 — vii. Amos 3 , b. July 24, 1754; m. Lydia

Chamberlain in Methuen, Oct.

14, 1778.
16 — viii. Daniel 3 , b. Sept. 2, 1756.
17 — ix. Lydia 3 , b. Oct. 22, 1761 ; m. Joshua

Treat March 5, 1780.

Jacob Buck 2 , born in Haverhill,
June 10, 1731. He was a yeoman
and lived in Haverhill upon the
homestead of his father, which had
been conveyed to him before he was
of age. He married Hannah Ames
of B oxford May r 7, 1752. He was
living in Haverhill in 1771; and she
died in Chester, N. H., March 18,
1809, at the age of eighty-one.

Children, born in Haverhill: —

18—i. Moses 3 , b. March 3, 1754.

19 — ii. Asa 3 , b. Dec. 18, 1755.

20 — in. Hannah 3 ,* probably m. William

Davis June 25, 1780.
21— iv. Samuel 3 , b. Feb. 26, 1759.

* Abraham Buck, son of Hannah Buck/
singlewoman, born Dec. 11, 1776. — Haver-
hill town records.

22— v. Phebe 3 , b. Sept. 11. 1760; m.

Benjamin Chase of Newbury.

(pub. May 13, 1781.)
23— vi. Jacob 3 , b. Julv 27, 1762.
24 — vii. Eliphalet 3 , b. Oct. 10, 1764.

See below (24).
25— viii. Mary 3 , b. July 21, 1766.
26— ix. Nathan 3 , b. Dec. 19, 1768.

Jonathan Buck 3 , born in Haver-
hill April 3, 1748. He married Han-
nah Gale, and lived in Haverhill.

Children, born in Haverhill : —
27—i. Benjamin 4 , b. Nov. 19, 1768.
28 — ii. John 4 , b. Oct. 27, 1771.
29 — in. Ruth 4 , b. Au?. 9, 1775.
30 — iv. Lydia 4 , b. Oct. 25, 1777.

Eliphalet Buck 3 , born in Haver-
hill Oct. 10, 1764. He married Sarah
Cole Sept. 6, 1785; and lived in Ha-
verhill.

Children, born in Haverhill: —

Samuel 4 , b. April 21, 1786.

Sarah 4 , b. Nov. 19, 1787.

John 4 , b, Sept. 27, 1789.

Sally 4 , b. Oct. 14, 1791.

Deborah 4 , b. Dec. 10, 1792.

Ebenezer 4 , b. Nov. 28. 1794.
37— vii. Katherine 4 , b. April 18, 1797.
38— viii. Polly 4 , b. Dec. 28, 1800.
39— ix. Abiah 4 , b. Nov. 26, 1802.

31—i.
32—n.
33— in
34— iv,

35— v.
36— vi.

NOTES

Administration on the estate of
John Buck of Marblehead was granted
March 3, 1701. Credit was given for
money received from the province
treasurer. — Probate records.

Keziah Buck of Andover married
James Marble (of Middleton?) March
17, 1742-3 — Andover town records.

Ezra Buck married Hannah Jaques
June 15, 1794.— Bradford town records.

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

249

William Buck of Newbury married
Phillis Hooper of Newbury Oct. 10,
1783.

Capt. John Buck married Miss
Elizabeth Bartlet, both of Newbury-
port, Dec. 28, 17S4, and had a daugh-
ter Eliza, born July 23, 1796.

— Newbury port town records.

Polly Buck of Haverhill married
Winthrop Flanders June 8, 17S6.
— Salisbury town records.

BUCKHORN NOTE

Alexander Buckhorn published to
Elizabeth Grealey, Aug. 6, 1774.
— Marblehead town records.

BUCKLER NOTES

Daniel Buckler married Ruth Picket
Jan. 16, 1787; she was buried June
9, 1796; aged thirty-two. They lived
in Beverly, where their children were
born as follows; James, born June
27, 1787; Daniel, born Aug. 3, 1789;
William, born Aug. 3, 1789; Wil-
liam born Sept. 20, 1791; Pegge,
born April 11, 1794; Ruth, born May
25, 1796. — Beverly records.

William Buckley, a shoemaker,
lived in Ipswich 1657-1674, and in
Salem, 1681-1702; married Miss Sarah
Smith of Ipswich. He was dead in
1705, administration being granted on
his estate Feb. 8, 1714; she died be-
fore 1726. Children born in Ipswich;
1. William, born Dec. 8, 1657 ; died
in 1659. 2. William, died Aug. 16,
1660. 3. John, born May 8, 1660.
4. Priscilla, married William Stacey
28: 9: 1697 ; and was his widow, of
Salem, in 1726. 5. Mary, married

Procter, and was his widow,

of Salem, in 1727. 6. William, born

Oct. 14, 1666; was a shoemaker or
cordwainer; lived in Salem; married
first, Abigail Caves of Topsfield Dec.
21, 1697; second, widow Dorcas
Faulkner of Salem Feb. 20, 1734-5;
he died ; and she married, third, Joshua
Felt of Lynn June 16, 1736. In
1714 and 1729, he was the only sur-
viving son of William Buckley.
7. Elizabeth, born May — 1669.

— Records.

Children of Joseph Buckley: Eliza-
beth, born Feb. 12, 1772; Joseph,

May 13, 1774_; lly (daughter)

born June 6, 17S0.

— Newbury town records.

Mary Buckley, married Silvester
Whitterage Nov. 17, 1684.

— Marblehead town records.

Mrs. Dorothy Bucklev married
Jonathan Wade Dec. 9, 1660 in Ips-
wich. — Court records.

BUCKMAN NOTES

Samuel Buckman, • feltmaker of
Amesbury, 16S7-1689; of Newbury
1702-1734; wife Martha Harris 1687-
89, wife Mary 1736-7; children of
Samuel and Martha (Haines) Buck-
man; Samuel (first son) born Sept.
16, 1687; died Oct. 21, 1687; Samuel
(second son), born Nov. 10, 16S8;
died Nov. 28, 16S8; Sarah, born Nov.
26, 16S9; married Abraham Colby of
Rowley Nov. 21, 1712.

— Amesbury town records.

John Buckman married Elizabeth
Woodberry April 5, 1772; she died in
Beverly March 24, 1827, of dyspepsia,
at the age of seventy-eight ; children,
born in Beverly; 1. Elizabeth, born

March 6, 1773; married True;

and she was his widow in 1827: 2.

250

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

John; born Sept. 21, 1775, living in
1819, married Miss Sarah Wood Oct.
4, 179S; she died Oct. 16, (18?) 1825,
aged forty-nine; he died March 15,
1831; their children were born as fol-
lows; Sophia, born Nov. 21, 177S;

; died Sept. 28, 1S00, aged

three davs; Elizabeth, born March 11,
1802; Sally, born Nov. 26, 1S04;
Almira, born Sept. 20, 1S07 ; married
William H. Johnson Dec. 24, 1829;
Mercy Wood, born Feb. 5, 1810; John
James, baptized Oct. 23, 1813 ; John
James, born Oct. 8, 1814; Mary Wood,
born July 11, 1816; died Oct. 11,
1817. — Beverly records.

James Buckman of Salem, mariner,
died on board the brig Ranger, and
administration upon his estate was
granted May 7, 1787.

Widow Sarah Buckman of Ipswich
was appointed administratrix in the
estate of her late husband John
Buckman of Ipswich, fisherman. Feb.
24, 1724-5. Dr. Samuel Wallis of
Ipswich attended him in his last sick-
ness, before Nov. 19, 1723.

— Probate records.

Mary Buckman married W T illiam
Collins, Sept. 10, 1769.

Sarah Buckman married Samuel
Shattock, Jr. July 24, 1676.

Dr. David Buckman married Esther
Sprague of Maiden, March 4, 1745-6.
— Salem records.

Hannah Buckman married John
Masters Feb. 12, 1729-30.

Sarah Buckman published to Sam-
uel Whitaker of Concord, Sept. 4,
1731.

Children of Jeremy Buckman;

, baptized April — , 1717;

Stephen; baptized Oct. 7, 1722; Mar-
tha, baptized Aug. 16, 1724.

— Ipswich records.

Jose Buckman of Maiden married
Hannah Peabody of Boxford Feb. 24,
1690; her son Joses baptized Oct. 30,
1692. — Topsficld church records.

Children of Jeremiah and Hannah
Buckman; Jeremiah, baptized June
29, 1729; Hannah, June 29, 1731.

David, son of Jeremiah Buckman,
baptized June 19, 1726.

Betsey Buckman married Jacob
Thomson, Jr. Jan. 24, 1793.

— Beverly records.

Elisha Buckman married Elizabeth

Porter Aug. 1 (7 church record.)

1799.

Mary Buckman of Ipswich married
William Handcock of Marblehead,
Jan., 18 1719-20.

Sarah Buckman married John
Perault July 12, 1725.

— Marblehead records.

Jeremiah Buckman* of Ipswich 1713
-1731; laborer 1713, 1714; yeoman
1720, 1721 ; housewright 1730-31 ;_son
Jeremiah, lived in Beverly 1720-1/31,
cordwainer 1730-1731; married Han-
nah Lamson (published Dec. — , 1<20.)

— Records.

Joseph Buckman married Judith
MaddoxOct. 16, 1791.

— Gloucester town records.

Joseph Buckman of Ipswich mar-
ried Mary Legro of Wenham Nov. 29,
1724; children, born in Ipswich; 1.
John, baptized Nov. 14; 1725 ; 2.
Joseph, baptized May 26, 172S ; 3.
Benjamin, baptized Aug. 30, 1730.
— Ipswich records.

Daniel Buckman of Ipswich mar-
ried Elizabeth Edwards of Wenham

♦Jeremiah Buckman of Lexington, car-
penter and wife Hannah sold land in Ham-
let parish, Ipswich in 1732. — Essex Registry
of Deeds.

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

251

Dec. 7, 1720; lived in Wenham 1722
-1724; and in Beverly 1725-1735;
was a cordwainer and fisherman. He
died in Ipswich of apoplexy, Aug. 3,'
1773, aged seventy-one. Children

born in Beverly: 1. died May

26> 1725; 2. d. in infancv Jan.

9, 1729-30; 3. Daniel, born Sept. 16,
1726 ; 4. Eleanour, baptized Sept. 8,
1728;5. Edwarde, born July 31, 1730;
Pelatiah, baptized Nov. 14, 1731.

— Records .

BUCKMASTER NOTES

Elizabeth Buckmaster married
Moses Moody Sept. 10, 1785.

— Haverhill town records.

John Buckmaster married Deborah
Wood Nov. 29, 1789. — B oxford town
records.

BUCKMINISTER NOTES

Rachel Buckminster married Joshua
Brown May 25, 1788. — Boxford tow
records .

John Buckminster, resident in
Ipswich, published to Hannah Butler
of Ipswich Nov. 3, 1787. — Ipswich
town records.

Judith, wife of Richard Buckmin-
ster of Newburyport, died, on a visit
to his sister, Mrs. John Smith, Nov.
2, 1772, aged thirty-seven.

— Rowley town records.

BUDESART NOTE

John Griffin was appointed admin-
istrator of the estate of his mother,
Agnes Budesart (also deceased 24: 9:
1682) April 10, 1683, by court at
Ipswich. She was apparently of
Newbury . — Probate records .

DESCENDANTS OF THOMAS
BUFFINGTON OF SALEM.

Thomas Buffington 1 lived in Sa-
lem 1671-1728; husbandman 1685-
1726; married Miss Sarah Southwick
of Salem, 30: 10 mo. 1670. Will dated
Sept. 18, 1725, proved Aug. 28, 1728.
Wife Sarah survived him and was his
widow in 1733.

Children, born in Salem: —

2 — i. Thomas 2 , b. March 1, 1671. See
below (2).

3 — ii. Benjamin 2 , b July 24, 1675. See
below (3).

4 — in. Abigail 2 , b. July 25, 1695; mar-
ried Samuel King, jr., husband-
man, of Salem, Aug. 13, 1714.

Thomas Buffington 2 , born in Sa-
lem March 1, 1671; lived in Salem;
married Hannah Ross Feb. 2S, 1699.
She was his wife in 1705 and he was
dead in 1725.

Children*, born in Salem: —

5—1. Hannah 3 , b. May 11, 1701.

6— ii. Sarah 3 , b. Aug. 30, 1703.

7 — ii. Thomas 3 , b. June 25, 1705 of

Killingsly Co., yeoman, 1749.
8 — iv. James. See below (8). It is not

absolutelv certain that James
jj (8) was the son of Thomas (2),

but evidences point that way

and Thomas (3) mentions a

brother or brothers.

Benjamin Buffington 2 , born in
Salem July 24, 1675; husbandman;
lived in Salem in 1705, and in Swan-
sey, Mass., 1725-1733.

Children, born in Salem: —

9 — i. Benjamin 3 , born Mav 4. 1699.
10 — ii. William 3 , b. Oct. 9,' 1702.
11— in. Jo 3 , b. March 25, 1704-5.

* There were sons other than Thomas.

252

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

James Buffixgtox, lived in Salem
1739-1773; cordwainer 1739-1773;
wife Elizabeth 1740-1773. His will
dated May 13, 17 < 3, proved June 8,
1773; his estate being appraised at
£631: Is. :Shd. Many shoes on hand
at death.

Children: —

12 — i. Betty 2 , baptized July 27, 1740,
in middle precinct (Peabody) ;
m. Nathan Putnam Aug. 2,
1752, and was living in 1773.

13 — ii. Mary 2 , born Aug. 25, 1735, in Sa-
lem; m Thomas Gardner of
Dan vers, June 13, 1755, and
was living in 1773.

14 — in. Hannah 2 , baptized July 27, 1740,
in middle precinct (Peabody).

15 — iv. James 2 , baptized July 27, 1740,
in middle precinct (Peabody).
See below (5).

16 — v. John 2 , b. about 1742. See below
(6).

17 — vi. Sarah 2 , married Benjamin Chap-
man Nov. 24, 1762.

18 — vii. Nehemiah 2 , b. about 1745; mar-
iner 1775-1799; merchant,
1789-1799; yeoman 1816-1S32.
Lived in Salem; married, first,
Elizabeth Procter, Sept. 14,
1774; second, Elizabeth Ashton,
Jan. 26, 1786. He died March
18, 1832. She survived him
and died of palsy, his widow,
April 4, 1845, aged eighty eight.

19 — vni. Elizabeth 2 , married William But-
man before 1773.

20 — ix. Lydia 2 , married Robert Cook, jr..
March 10, 1767, and was living
in 1773.

21 — x. Jonathan 2 , mariner, of Salem.
1775.

22 — xi. Zadock 2 . See below (12).

James Buffixgtox 2 , baptized mid-
dle precinct (Peabody) July 27, 1740.
Lived in Salem and was a cordwainer
in 1762 and 1772, and a mariner in
1776. He married Prudence Procter

of Danvers Feb. 14, 1765. Adminis-
tration was granted on his estate
May 6, 1776. His estate was ap-
praised at £494:5s:10J. She sur-
vived him, and married, secondly,
Daniel Frye March 15, 1783.
Children: —

23 — i. Prudence 2 , married Jacob Tuck-
er Sept. 7, 1788, and was of
Salem, his widow, in 1704.

24 — xi. Hannah 3 , b. in Salem Jan. 30,
1767; married Elijah Briggs of
Scituate, ship-builder, Aug. 15,
1789, and returned to Salem to
live in 1796.

25 — in. Betsey 3 , married David Nichols
Nov. 17, 1798.

26 — iv. James 3 , mariner, lived in Salem;
married Eli7abeth Dennis Dec
10, 1797. Administration was
granted on his estate Aug. 28,
1805, and she survived him.

27 — v. Sarah 3 , born in Salem, Sept. 27,
1772, married Ebenezer Mann
of Salem, ship-builder, Oct. 31,
1791

Capt. Johx Buffixgtox 2 , born
about 1742; mariner, 1775-1805; mer-
chant 1779-1827. Lived in Salem;
married Mary Pitman Aug. 18, 1767,
and she was his wife in 1818. He
died of old age Feb. 17, 1827, aged
eighty-three.

Children (only heirs-at-law in
1827) : —

28 — i. — John 3 , b. about 1767; died of a
rupture in Salem Nov. 5, 1S18,
aged fifty-one.
29 — ii. Eliza 3 , married Nathaniel Wil-
liams Crafts, before 1818.
30 — in. Polly 3 , b about 1773; died Apr.
27, 1797.

Capt. Zadock Buffixgtox 2 , cord-
wainer 1775; gentleman 17S2-1793 ;
esquire 1797-1799. Conducted tav-
ern at the corner of Washington and

FAMILY GENEALOGIES

253

Church streets in 1793. He married,
first, Miss Abigail Procter in Aug. or
Sept., 1776, in Salem; and she was
his wife in 17SS. He married, second,
Deborah Saltmarsh, June 7, 17S9.
His will dated March 15, 1799,
was proved June 26, 1799, and his
estate was valued at $8,483.50. His
wife Deborah survived him and died,
his widow, in the spring of 1815.

Children: —
31- — i. Jonathan 3 , minor in 1799 and of

Boston, merchant, in IS 15.
32 — II. Lydia 3 , aged under twenty-five

years in 1799.

NOTES

Thomas Nehemiah Buffington, of
Salem, laborer. 1797. — Registry of
deeds.

Mary Buffington, baptized March
31, 1728.— -Middle precinct (Peabody)
Salem church records.

Children of James and Abigail Buf-
fington : —

1. James, b. Dec. 12, 1798.

2. Mary, b. May 5, 1802.

3. Martha, b. July 1, 1805.

4. Abigail, b. Nov. 26, 1806.

5. Hannah, b. Dec. 4, 1808.

— Danvers town records.

Hannah Buffington married Jona-
than Marsh, Sr., Oct. 7, 1725.

Hannah Buffington married Syl-
vester Procter Dec. 3, 1761.

Thomas Buffington married Mary
Coffen, Aug. 22, 1758.

— Salem town records.

(To be continued.)

asv

(Upvilititfm $c (&$rnmt ni

on goofyrf anb either ^iibject^?

Randall Family

"A Biographical History of Robert Randall and
his descendants 1608-1909. By William L. Chaffin.
The Grafton Press genealogical publishers. New York
MCMIX xx. 247 pages. $5.00 from the compiler,
Rev. W. L. Chaffin, North Easton, Mass.

From the admirable introductory essay
on the Randall families of America by
A. F. Randall, president of the "Randall
Historical Association of America," it
appears that there are no less than 25 dis-
tinct and, as far as known, unconnected
Randall families in this country ; and while
several accounts of individual lines have
appeared, this is "the first genealogy of all
the descendants of an immigrant Randall
ancestor."

The original Robert Randall settled in
Weymouth about 1635, but his descendants
for several generations centered at Easton,
Mass., where they were at one time the
largest family, and no less than 25 of the
name enlisted in the Revolutionary army
from that town.

The work is no mere genealogy, if by that
term we understand a dreary succession of
names and dates ; perhaps its most notable
feature is Mr. Chaffin's success in making
the members of the family live before us,
the little sketches or characterizations of
individuals, which lend a touch of personal
interest to its pages. Those of us who have
tried, know how difficult an art this is.

The compiler, for forty years pastor at
North Easton, and well known as author
of the "History of the town of Easton",
has been collecting data for twenty years,
the last two or three since retirement from
active professional work, being devoted to

perfecting and completing this history.
The volume concludes with an excellent in-
dex of nearly fifty pages.

Numbers of the Indian Tribe3
Overestimated.
R. A. Douglas-Lithgow, in his new work,
"Dictionary of American Indian Place and
Proper Names in New England," says of the
Indian tribes occupying Massachusetts and
the other New England states: "With re-
gard to their aggregate tribal numbers
many opinions have been expressed and
many estimates given by some of the ear-
lier writers, but most of them have been
as rash as extravagant. More careful re-
cent inquiry has elicited the fact that the
number of Indians occupying New Eng-
land, at any time subsequent to the year
1600, has been very much exaggerated,
and the writer has been assured by two
well-known modern anthropologists, who
have made a special studv of the matter,
that the total number of Indians in New
England about the year 1600 did not ex-
ceed 24, or 25,000. Their calculations,
arrived at independently, are based upon
an average of between 75 to 80 souls in
each village, and the results are as fol-
lows : —

Pequots 2000

Narragansetts, .... 5000

Massachusetts 2500

Wampanoags, 3000

Pawtuckets, 2000

Mohegans 2000

Maine Indians, .... 2500
All others, 2500

Total, 21,500

5-5$

0ur^U0riaT J?nx±t^

Rjdv^Thomas Ilbasklin WXters.

WITH the completion of the work'
on the Rebecca Xourse house in
Danvers, another has been added
to the long list of ancient dwellings rescued
from decay and preserved to future gen-
erations. It needs not be said that the
work has been done with good judgment
and fine sympathy. Restoration has be-
come a fine art. Architect and amateur
alike recognize that the cardinal principle
is absolute adherence to the original archi-
tecture, wherever it can be determined.

The small casement windows, w T ith di-
minutive panes have been wisely adhered
to through the great rooms heavily beamed
above and the side walls finished in matched
boarding of an ancient style, are dark and
gloomy, save when the sunlight or firelight
bring good cheer. A single coat of white-
wash was common in ancient times and a
whitened ceiling would have relieved the
depressing atmosphere of these shadowy,
mysterious rooms. But no such light touch
has found place here. The dark time-
stained hue of the natural wood is its only
adornment and it lends itself with peculiar
fitness to a dwelling, filled with such solemn
and pathetic memories. The cavernous
fire places with the black mouth of the oven
opening into unknown depths of darkness,
are in fine harmony. Severe, homely
simplicity is never departed from. This
Puritan home breathes the spirit of the
stern Puritan times, in every nook and
corner.

The story of its restoration to its primal
dignity is the old familiar one. It was in
danger of destruction by an owner, who had
no appreciation of sentimental values. A

woman of fine historic sense, feeling keenly
the shame that would be entailed by its loss,
gave herself with wonderful patience to the
task of raising funds for its purchase. She
made appeal to a public, always gene-ous
and with its generosity unexhausted by
the frequent demands upon it. The re-
sponse was gratifying and adequate One
princely gift came from a descendant of
Governor Endicott, who was the original
owner of the farm. Small contributions
from many givers swelled the total sum to
some seven thousand dollars. The house
and twenty-five acres adjoining and sur-
rounding the dwelling, were bought and
the title w r as vested in an Association,
organized to hold the property. The deed
was done so quietly, so quickly, and
apparently so easily, that any enthusiastic
friend of any old dwelling in any part of
our Commonwealth, which has reasonable
claim for preservation, may proceed with
confidence to raise a fund by public
subscription.

Apart from its intrinsic value, as an
excellent specimen of a seventeenth cen-
tury home, peculiar personal associations
hallow this ancient house. From this
fireside, a woman of spotless character, well
advanced in years, the mother of a goodly
family was dragged to prison, to trial and
to the scaffold in the summer of 1692. She
was charged with the practise of witch-
craft, and some frivolous girls accused
her of tormenting them in supernatural
fashion. When she was arraigned before
the Justices, they uttered piercing shrieks
and declared that she bit or stamped upon
them. She protested her innocence and

256

THE MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

made solemn appeal to God to help her but
in the frenzied excitement of that dread-
ful time, calm judgment or natural sym-
pathy was impossible

THOSE who were first accused may
have been beldames of sharp. tongue
and persons of unsavory reputation.
Robert Calef observes that among these
were "Sarah Good, who had long been
counted amel ancholy or distracted woman;
and one Osborn, an old bedridden woman ;
which two were persons so ill thought of,
that the accusation was the more readily
believed." But the distracted victims of
that extraordinary delusion soon brought
charges against people of finest quality.
Little Dorothy Good, the five year old
• daughter of Sarah, was charged with be-
ing a witch and was imprisoned with her
mother. Mary Easty, the sister of Re-
becca Nourse, was accused, " acquitted,
arrested again two days later and sen-
tenced to death. She petitioned the
Court: "the Lord above knows my inno-
cence then and likewise doth now, as at the
great day will be known by men and angels,
I petition your honors not for my own life,
for I know I must die, and my appointed
time is set; but the Lord he knows if it be
possible that no more innocent blood be
shed, which undoubtedly cannot be avoided
in the way and course you go in." When
she bade farewell to her husband, children
and friends, "she was, as is reported by
them present, as serious, religious, distinct
and affectionate as could well be exprest,
drawing tears from the eyes of almost all
present." The excellent Madame Hale of
Beverly, wife of the minister, fell under
suspicion; Rev. George Burroughs, the
former minister of a Salem church, was
condemned and executed.

The history of Salem witchcraft has been
written again and again, wisely and well,
and the innocence of the unfortunate vic-
tims has been abundantly proved, but a

lingering suspicion abides in some minds
that the condemned were at fault, and
may have met a fate that was in some
measure deserved. There is a popular
misconception, that passes for truth with
too many of careless mind, that the witch
was an old hag, arrayed in conical hat
and flowing cloak, who bestrode her broom-
stick and rode down the midnight wind,
in quest of victims.

She is seized upon by tradesmen as a
catchy advertisement of their wares.
Thoughtless young men, innocent of any
evil motive, taking their cue from the
common error, parade the streets as polit-
ical campaign clubs, wearing the accepted
.garb of the ancient witch. Thus in bur-
lesque, with gibe and sneer, or silly grin,
the saddest and most pitiful of all delu-
sions is recalled, with monstrous falsity,
and painful heartlessness.

NO more wise and weighty protest
against the prevalent shallow
thought, no more apt and sugges-
tive portrayal of the Truth, no more be-
fitting honor to those who died, can be
conceived than this silent but eloquent
memorial. It has seemed worth while
that the home ot one of those, who died
so ignominiously, should be restored, and
preserved to all time. It was dedicated
with no labored eulogy of the good wom-
an, who dwelt here. With a few well
chosen words by broad minded and sym-
pathetic men, it was opened to all who
care to come. In the course of years,
many will come and as they tarry a little
in these old rooms, they will feel the spell
of the Past. Rebecca Nourse, the wife
and mother, the neighbor and friend, loyal,
loving and tender, will live again. Her
gentle presence will glorify her old home,
and win the hearts of many to herself,
and to her companions in sorrow and bitter-
ness, in wiser and more just appreciation,
in tend*r sympathy and enduring love.

3S7

INDEX OF AUTHORS AND SUBJECTS FOR
VOLUME II, MASSACHUSETTS MAGAZINE

Prepared by Charles A. Flagg

Authors' names italicized.

"Active," Mass. brigantine, 234.
Adultery, The "Scarlet letter," 3.
American Revolution, Department of the,

45, 101, 168, 234.

Lamson's Weston company, 132.

Mass. brigantine, "Active." 234.

Mass. brigantine, " Independence/'

45.

Mass. naval legislation, 45.

Mass.officers,18,46. 72, 101,146,168,

191, 208, 235.

Mass. sloop, " Freedom," 101.

Mass. sloop, " Republic," 168.

Mass. sloop, " Tyrannicide," 192.

Negroes in naval service, 236.

Privateer, ''General Pickering," 196.

Privateer, " Julius Caesar, " 198.

Rations, Beer complained of, 17.

Regiments, Bridge's, 203.

" Danielson's, 69.

" Doolittle's, 11.

'« Fellows', 141.

See also Bunker Hill; Haraden, Capt. ].;
Lexington; Valley Forge.

Antietam battlefield, 118.

Army of the United colonies ; see American
Revolution, Regiments.

Bachiller, Mrs. Mary, of Kittery, the orig-
inal of Hawthorne's Hester Prynne,
3.

Bartlett family gathering, 1909. 185.

Battlefields, High school trips to, 118.

" Bay State Monthly, " 48.

Beer in rations, Complained of, 1775, 17.

Benefactions to towns, 187.

Berkshire County, Fellow's regiment, part-
ly from, 141.

Bodge, George M., historian, 51.

Books reviewed

Chaffin, W. L. A biographical history
of Robert Randall and his descend-
ants, 254.
Fisher, S. G. The struggle for American

independence, 105.
Pope, C. H. The pioneers of Maine and
New Hampshire, 50.

Boston, Historical pilgrimages to, 120.

Boston Bay, Settlers before 1630, 115, 176.

Bowen, Ashley, Diary, 109.

Bridge's regiment, 1775, 203.

Browning family notes, Essex County, 240.

Bruce family notes, Essex County, 241.

Bruer family notes, Essex County, 241.

Brumagin family notes, Essex County, 241.

Brunier family notes, Essex County, 242.

Brunson family notes, Essex county, 242.

Bryant family notes, Essex County, 242.

Bryers family notes, Essex County, 244.

Bryson family notes, Essex County, 244.

Bubier family, Descendants of Joseph of
Marblehead, 244.

Buck family, Descendants of Ebenezer of
Haverhill, 247.

Buckhorn family notes, Essex County, 249.

Buckler family notes, Essex County, 249.

Buckman family notes, Essex County, 249.

Buckmaster family notes, Essex County,
251.

Buckminster family notes, Essex County, 251

Budesart family notes, Essex County, 251.

258

INDEX

Buffington family, Descen lanti of Thomas

of Salem, 251.
Bunker Hill, Bridge's regiment at, 205.

Doolittle's regiment at, 15.

Carnegie Institution. Failure to encourage

art and literature, 56.
Chaffin, William L. Biographical history

of Robert Randall and his descend-
- ants. Reviewed r 254.
Chase Family Association, 174.
Civil War, see Antietam, Gettysburg, New-

bern, N. C.
Clemens family notes, Salem 107.
Conant, Roger, Monument in Salem, or

Gloucester? 1S4.
Criticism and comment department, 48,

107, 174, 254.
Cutting family of Weston, 136.
Danielson's regiment, 1775, 69.
Danvers. Rebecca Nourse house restored,

255.
Deerfield, Williams house, 41.
Dennis Albert W. Some Massachusetts

historical writers, 51.
Doolittle's regiment, 1775, 11.
Douglas-Lithgow , R. A. Indians in Mass,

overestimated, 234.
Draper, Eben S. Ancestry of, 123.
Draper, T. W. M. Ancestry of Gov. Eben

S. Draper^ 123.
Editorial department, 55, 118, 186, 255.
Eliot, Charles W.,59. .
Emigrants from Mass., Michigan series, 39,

66, 200.
"Essex Antiquarian" Genealogical depart-
ment continued in Mass. Magazine, 240.
Essex County. Bridge's regiment, partly

from, 203.

Genealogical Dictionary, 240.

Fellows' regiment, 1775, 141.
Fisher, Sidney G. The struggle for Amer-
ican independence. Reviewed, 105.
Flagg, Charles A. Dedication of Mass,

monument at Newbern, N. C, 48.

Local historical societiesinMass.,84.

Mass. pioneers, Michigan series, 39,

66,200. , ..

Name "Massachusetts Magazine,

48.
Charles A. Flagg. Old Merriam house,

Gra'ton, 98.
Review of Chaffin's Biographical

history of Robert Randall, 254.
Review of Pope's Pioneers of Maine

and New Hampshire, 50.
— Some articles concerning Mass. in

recent magazines, 42, 93, 162, 228.

Some Mass. books of 1908, 49.

William Abbatt's " Magazine of

History," 174.

"Freedom," Mass. sloop andbrigantine, 101.

Gardner, Frank A. Ancestors of Benjamin
Clemens Witherell, 107.

Captain Jonathan Haraden, 191,

— -. Colonel Ebenezer Bridge's regi-

. ment, 203. :

Colonel Ephraim Doolittle's regi-
ment, 11.

Colonel John Fellow's regiment, 141.

Colonel Timothy Danielson's regi-
ment, 69,

: — Department of the American Rev-

• olution, 45, 101, 16S, 234.

The George Gardner house, West

Peabody, 230. *

Heroes and monuments, 171.

Historical pageants, 107.

Review of Fisher's Struggle for

American independence, 105.
Gardner, Lucie M. Family genealogies,

Essex Co., 240.

Gloucester day, 1909. 184.

Pilgrims and planters department,

54, 115. 176, 239.
Settlers about Boston Bay prior to

1630, 115, 176.

Gardner Family Association, 117. 1S3.
Gardner house, West Peabody, 230.
Genealogists, Presumption of, 55.
"General Pickering," privateer, 196.
Gettysburg battlefield, 119.
Gloucester dav, 1909. 1S4.
Grafton, Merriam house, 98.
Hampden County, see Hampshire County.

INDEX

259

Hampshire County, Danielson's regiment
from, 69.

Hampshire County, Fellow's regiment,
partly from, 141.

Haraden, Capt. Jonathan, of Salem, idl.

Hastings family of Weston, 137.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The " Scarlet let-
ter" and old Ketterie, 3.

Henniker, N. H. Old home week, 186.

Heroes and monuments, 171-

Hews family of Weston, 138.

High school trips to Washington and bat-
tlefields, 118.

Hill, Mrs. Caroline R. The old Rand
house, 165.

Historic houses, Gardner house, West Pea-
body, 230.

Merriam house, Grafton, 98.

Nourse house, Dan vers, 255.

Noyes house, Newbury, 30.

-Rand house, Weston, 165.

Williams house, Deerfield, 41.

Historical investigation, Encouragement
of, 56.

Historical magazines, Early American, 174.

Historical pageants in Mass. 1909, 107.

Historical societies in Mass., List of, 84.

Hubbard family of Weston, 138.

"Independence," Mass. brigantine, 45.

Indians in Mass. Numbers in colonial
times, 254.

James, Edward J. Tribute to Pres. Eliot, 60.

Jordan, David S. Tribute to Pres. Eliot, 63.

"Julius Caesar," privateer, 198.

Battery, Maine. The "Scarlet Letter," 3.

Lamson, Daniel S. Weston, 129.

Lamson family of Weston, 138.

Lamson's Weston company at Lexington,
132.

Lee, Col. Jeremiah, of Marblehead, 239.

Lexington, Battle of, Weston company at,
132.

Livermore, Mrs. Mary A. at Marietta,
1888, 33.

Local historical societies in Mass., 84.

Local history, Encouragement to students
of, 56.

McClintock, John iV., Weston, 129.
"Magazine of history," 174.
Marblehead, Bowen's diary, 109.

Col. Jeremiah Lee, 239.

Old Planters Society meeting, Sept.

1909, 239.
Marietta, O. Centennial of 1888. Mrs. Mary

A. Livermore at, 33.
Massachusetts, Bibliography of historical

writings. Books of 1908, 49.
Magazine articles, etc.,

1908-1909, 42, 99, 162, 228.
— Historical pageants, 1909, 107.

Historical writers, 51.

- Indian population overestimated,

254.

Local historical societies, List of, 84.

Monument at Newbern, N. C. dedi-
cated, 48.

Naval legislation in Revolution, 45.

Navy see American Revolution;

Haraden, Capt. J.

Pioneers, Michigan series, 39,66,200.

Privateer, "General Pickering," 196.

Privateer, "Julius Caesar," 198.

Regiments see under American Rev-
olution.

— Revolutionary officers, 18, 46, 72.

101, 146, 168, 191, 208, 235.

Settlers about Boston Bay before

1630, 115, 176.

"Massachusetts Magazine," Earlier periodi-
cals of the name, 48.

Mayflower Society, 54, 239.

Merriam house, Grafton, 98.

Michigan, Pioneers from Mass., 39, 66, 200.

Middlesex County, Bridge's regiment part-
ly from, 203.

Military heroes, Monuments to, 171.

Minute men, see American Revolution,
Regiments.

Monuments to military heroes, 171.

Negroes in the Revolutionary navy, 236.

New Hampshire, Bridge's regiment partly
from, 203.

Newbern, N. C. Dedication of Mass. monu-
ment, 48.

260

INDEX

Newbury, Noyes house, 30.

Northrop, Cyrus, Tribute to Pres. Eliot, 65.

Northwest Territory. Centennial 18S8, An
incident, 33.

Nourse house, Danvers, restored, 255.

Noyes, Benjamin L., The Rev. James
Noyes house in Newbury, 30.

Noyes house, Newbury. 30.

Old home week, 186.

Old planters, Boston, 115, 176.

Old Planters Society, 54, 117, 185,239.

Our editorial page, 55, 118, 186,255.

The Pathfinder (Mrs. Livermore) at Mari-
etta, 33.

Peabody, Gardner house, 230.

Perley, Sidney, Genealogical dictionary of
Essex County, Continuation of, 240.

Pilgrims and planters department, 54, 115,
176, 239.

Pope, Charles H., The pioneers of Maine
and New Hampshire. Reviewed, 50.

Public utility funds, Plea for establish-
ment, 187.

Punishments, The " Scarlet Letter," 3.

Putnam. Association, 185.

Record officials, Unreasonable requests
from, 55.

Regiments, see under American Revolution.

"Republic,' ' Mass. sloop, 168.

Revolution, American, see American Rev-
olution.

Salem, Capt. Jonathan Haraden, 191.

Field day, of Mass. S. A. R. Sept.

1909, 173, 237.

— Privateers "General Pickering' ' and

" Julius Caesar, ' ' 196.
— Witchcraft, 255.

Sears family of Weston, 139.

Sectional feeling, Decline of, 48.

Sheldon, George, The Pathfinder at Mari-
etta, O. in 1888. 33.

Sheridan, Philip H., Defence of, 172.

Society of Mayflower Descendants, 54, 239.

Sons of the American Revolution, Mass.
Field day, 173, 237.

Mass. Bay cloister, at Valley Forge,

173.

Sylvester, Herbert M., The "Scarlet letter"
and old Ketterie, 3.

Sylvester, Herbert M., historian, 52.

Town clerks, Unreasonable requests from,
55.

Towns, Benefactions to. 187.

"Tyrannicide, " Mass. sloop, 192.

Valley Forge, Dedication of Mass. Bay
cloister, in Memorial chapel, 173.

Van Ness, Thomas, Protest against mon-
uments to military heroes, 172.

Washington, Booker T., Tribute to Pres.
Eliot, 61.

Washington, D.C., High school trips to, 118,

Waters, Thomas F., Our editorial pages,
55, 118, 186, 255.

West Peabody, Gardner house, 230.

Weston, History and genealogy, 129.

Lamson's company at Lexington.

1775, 132.

Rand house, 165.

Sanborn, Nathan P., Sketch of Col. Jere-
miah Lee, 239.

Williams house, Deerfield, 41.

Winsor family of Weston, i39.

Witchcraft delusion, 255.

Witherell, Benjamin C, Ancestors of, 107.

W T itherell family of Salem, 107.

Worcester County, Doolittle's regiment

from, 11.
Fellow's regiment partly from, 141.

The foregoing is not an index of personal names. Such an index covering every name found on the
pages of the magazine will be issued at convenient periods, probably every five years: the theory being- that
for genealogical or general reference use such a consolidation will be m:>re helpful than an annual issue

IN FIVE VOLUMES

Silvester's

/Ifcaine Coast IRomances

Titles :

Casco Bay,
Old York,
Sokoki Trail,
Pemaquid,
Land of
St. Castin

2I.K

HERBERT M. SYLVESTER

Of the Boston Bar

A Story of the Lean Days

From the Earliest Occupa-

iu.,s-r RATl oN -*om vol. i tion and Discovery to 1690

Over 700 Pen Drawings of Old Houses and Historic Places by the Author

Style, De Luxe. Gilt top. Uncut. Bound in Silk. Rubricated Title-page.

Paper Label. 6j x 9j inches. Extra wide margins.

Cameo plate paper. Printed from face type.

ABSOLUTELY ONLY 925 COMPLETE SETS

No library is complete without it. It is an acqui-
sition for the booklover or collector.

The President of the Maine Historical and New
England Genealogical and Historical Societies writes
the introduction to this notable work. — notable for its
timeliness, historic accuracy, and inimitable style.

"Profusely illustrated with pen-and-ink sketches
by the author — for Mr. Sylvester is equally skilful
with pen and pencil. Typographically, it is all a hook
should be, and as the edition is limited, it will be
eagerly sought for by collectors/'

— Boston Transcript.

"A story the student of history and the romanticist
find worthy of careful attention." — Boston Advertiser.

"Rich in Maine lore." — Boston Herald.

"The work is most delightful in treatment; the
style captivating — a mineling of history and romance
in a masterly way." — Bangor Commercial.

"In years to come when the searcher for tradition
and for local color of romantic history shall seek a
source of inspiration, he will go, we doubt not, to
the facinating volumes of Herbert Miiton Sylvester,
which are now- being issued under the general title of
'Maine Coa*t Romances.' . . . Mr. Sylvester is,
we are quite sure, the one man in Maine to-day to
whom this work could be trusted."

— Leu-ixton (Me.) Journal.

Kate Douglas Wiggin:

"Delicate and charming literary workmanship."

Hon. William P. Frye:

'I can commend it to the public without any
hesitation."

Extract from a letter from
General Joshua L. Chamberlain:

"You give us history, not as a dry compilation.

but a* wholesome literature, with artistic form

and color."

Lieut. Com. Peary:

"The missing link in the Pioneer Story of
Maine."

The trork icill be tent any T.it-rari/ for
examination upon application. De-
scriptive circular sent on application.

Address

Maine Coast Romance

HARRISON, MAINE

BOOKS on MASSACHUSETTS History

PUBLISHED BY LITTLE, BROWN C& CO., BOSTON

Adams, John Quiucy, Diary of. LIFE IN A
NEW ENGLAND TOWN, 17S7, 1788. Edited
Dy Charles Francis Adams. 8 vo. 82.00 net.
A record of John Quincy Adams' daily life while a stu-
dent in the office of Theophilus Parsons at Newbury-
port, tliat gives curious and graphic pictures of social
life in a small Massachusetts seaport.

Drake, Samuel Adams. HISTORIC MAN-
SIONS AND HIGHWAYS AROUND BOS-
TON. With 60 illustrations and maps. Crown
8vo. $2.00 net.

The author, with his inexhaustible historic lore and
his keen appreciation of every item, anecdote, relic,
and place which belongs to the olden times, takes the
reader by hand, and tiaversing old Middlesexshire,
stops at every dwelling, hill, valley, river, or port, and
brings back the men and events of colonial and revo-
lutionary times.

NEW ENGLAND LEGENDS AND FOLK-
LORE, in Prose and Poetry. With 100 full-
page plates and character illustrations. Crown
8 vo. $2.00 net.

This substantial volume brings together the scattered
legendary lore of New England. It takes up, in order,
the legends of Boston, Cambridge, Lynn and^Nahant,
Salem, Marblehead, Cape Ann, Ipswich an I Newbury,
Hampton and Portsmouth, York, Isles of Shoals and
Boon Island, Old Colony, Rhode Island, Connecticut,
Nantucket, and the White Mountains. All the old
stories are reproduced in telling form, and with apt
quotations. Prose and poetry are combined, while
the numerous pictures are of the greatest interest.

OLD LANDMARKS AND HISTORIC PER-
SONAGES OF BOSTON. With 93 illus-
trations. Crown 8 vo. $2.00 net.

A vast fund of information and anecdotes about old
Boston, its notable buildings, markets, streets, and
most memorable characters. The illustrations repre-
sent many objects of curious historical interest.
I am simply amazed at the extent and accuracy of its
information. — John G. Palfrey.

Under Mr. Drake's touch details become interesting,
old and forgotten scenes are peopled with personages
of olden times: every corner becomes historic and the
dead past fives again. — Boston Globe.

AROUND THE HUB. A Boy's Book about
Boston. Prof usely illustrated. 16mo. $1.25
net.

The story of Boston's early history, abounding in
authentic information" and written in an interesting
style, with capital pictures.

Fait, Clarence M. WHARF AND FLEET.

6 Ballads of the Fishermen of Gloucester. With
illustrations from life. Crown 8 vo. $1.50 net.
Sings with rare fidelity and power the story of the
boldest fishermen and the most active and interesting
fishing port of all the waters of the world. The joy
and pathos of Gloucester life both find expression in
his pages. — Boston Journal.

Frothingham, Richard. HISTORY OF THE
SIEGE OF BOSTON, and of the Battles of
Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill. With
maps and plates. 8 vo. $3.50.

The standard history of the Siege of Boston, and of the
Battles of Lexington. Concord and Bunker Hill. Also
an account of the Bunker Hill Monument.

THE RISE OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
UNITED STATES. 8 vo. S3.50.

A comprehensive work setting clearly before the reader
the elements, the ingredients, and tiie qualities of our
present nationality. Every page bears evidence of
exhaustive research.

Garrett, Edmund H. ROMANCE AND RE-
ALITY OF THE PURITAN COAST. With
nearly 100 full-page pictures and vignettes fp >m
pen and ink drawings, l.'mo. $1.50.

Describes the famous North Shore from Boston a» far
as Cape Ann, including Lynn, Swampscott, NaLunt,
Beverly, Marblehead, Manchester-by-the-Sea, Glouces-
ter, Magnolia, etc.

He has enabled his reader* to see all the bits of old
architecture, charming little landscape views, the I
folk and their boats and houses, and the bold, rocky
points with a new sense of their beautyand picturesque- .
ness. — Boston Herald.

THE PILGRIM SHORE. With colored frontis-
piece and nearly 100 full-page illustrations and
vignettes. 12mo. $1.50.

Describes the historic South Shore from Boston to
Plymouth, including Dorchester, Neponset, Quincy,
Weymouth, Hingham, Hull, Coiiasset, Scituate, Marsh-
field, Duxbury and King-ton.

The author, who is also his own illustrator, has sought
with pen and pencil to render homage to the beauty of
the historic South Shore of Mar-sachusetts Bay and to
jrecall its traditions and history; and with pen and
pencil he has been equally successful. — New York Sun.

THREE HEROINES OF NEW ENGLAND
ROMANCE. Priscilla, Agnes Surriage, and
Martha Hilton. Their true stories herein set
forth by Harriet Prescott Spofford, Alice
Brown, and Louise Imogen- Guiney. With
numerous illustrations by Mr. Garrett.
12mo. $2.00.

Gettemy, Charles F. THE TRUE STORY OF
PAUL REVERE. W T ith twelve full-page plates.
12mo. $1.50 net.

A plain, unadorned narrative of the life of a man, hold,
brave, earnest, and full of patriotic fervor, well worthy
of our remembrance and affectionate regard. — Boston
Transcript.

Hale, Edward E., et al. NEW ENGLAND
HISTORY IN BALLADS. Illustrated with
10 full-page drawings. Small 8 vo. $2.00 net.

This stirring, composite production is a powerful pre-
sentation in verse of the notable events in our history,
worthy of its gifted authors. — Boston Herald.

Quincy, Josiah. FIGURES OF THE PAST.
From the Leaves of Old Journals. 16mo.
$1 .50 net.

There are chapters on life in the Academy at Andover;
on Harvard Sixty Years Ago: talks with John Adams;
reminiscences of Lafayette, Judge Story, John Ran-
dolph, Jackson, and other eminent persons; and
sketches of old Washington and old Boston society. —
Boston Journal.

Whiting, Lilian. BOSTON DAYS: The "city of
Beautiful Ideals, Concord and Its Famous
Authors, The Golden Age of Genius. Dawn
of the Twentieth Century. With portraits
and other illustrations. 12mo. SI. 50 net.

All the famous names associated with Boston pass in
review before the reader of this apotheosis of the
intellectual life of Massachusetts. — Boston Herald.
A volume to place on the same shelf with the "Yester-
days with Authors," of the late James T. Fields, and
the "Literary Friends and Acquaintances" of W ni^am
D. Howells. — Cleveland Plain Dealer.

Winthrop, Robert C. LIFE AND LETTERS
OF JOHN WINTHROP. With portraits
and illustrations. 2 vols. 8 vo. $7.00 net.

Winthrop, Rot>ert C, Jr. MEMOIR OF
ROBERT C. WINTHROP (1S09-1S94). $3.u0
net.

4" e" Send for complete
descriptive Catalogue

LITTLE, BROWN & CO., 254 Washington St., Boston

gj ^ffeOld Families of Salis-
^ll^bury and Amesbury, with

some related families of adjoining towns and
of York County, Maine.

"rfciese two volumes contain iSth century church
records and 17th century documents not before pub-
lished, three or four generations of all families of
these two towns, down to 1700, with many of later
date, some carried to 1S00. Send for circular to

David W. Hoyt

Providence, R. I.

E Manbbooh

to assist the beginner in Genealogical
Investigation in

Great Britain

CIt is a guide to enable the novice to go directiv to
his work, without wasting months or years of time
in learning how, where and when to make his
search. Title: "Genealogical Research in England,
Scotland and Ireland." 112 pages. Flexible cloth
binding.

6 Price, $1.50

J. HENRY LEA, South Freeport, Me.

PEDIGREES PROVED

As required by Colonial Dames,
Mayflower, D.A.R. and other Societies

egfeAVTNG access to the Special Gexk a logical Index of the
j3 Neh'BERBY Library, ray facilities for a thorough research

C»» are better than at any other library in the United States.

Genealogies Compiled or put in shape for the printer. In-
dexes made.

Fifteen years experience. Prices reasonable and work guar-
anteed, fligh grade references.

Blanks for use in compiling genealogies (send 10 cents for
full set of samples).

Ancestral Chakt. with space for names, dates and places
of birth, death and marriage of 2'A ancestors, and •-'."> AcuibRi-
TiEsfor Dates, ♦1.25.

EDWARD A. CLAYPOOL, Genealogist
Suite 309 Bush Temple, Chicago, 111.

Please mention '-The. Massachusetts Magazine."

The Essex cAntiquarian

An Illustrated Quarterly Magazine

Devoted to the History Genealogy, Biography and

Antiquities of Essex County, Massachusetts.

Edited by SIDNE Y PERLE Y, Esq.

CONTAINING genealogies of the families of the
county down to 1800 alphabetically; all ceme-
tery inscriptions prior to 1800; quarterly court
records, commencing in 1636; old Norfolk County
records, beginning in 1649; all wills in full in order
of probate; maps, biographies, and a large amount
of original historical and genealogical matter relating
to the countv.

VOL. XII BEGAN WITH JANUARY, 1908. ISSUE.
$1. 50 per annum. Single copies 50 cents.

The Essex Antiquarian, Salem, Mass.

P3£l

Rotel Cnbicott, Co " 1 Ltr2r ,oe

C-A FAVOURITE. NEW YORK H0TEL.C/ 8ist ST - " L " STATION

A quiet, homelike, commodious and elegant uptown hotel at moderate rates. A favorite with
tourists. Restaurant and hotel service and all appointments of the highest New York standard

JAMES W. GREENE, (A. K. E.) Manager

Our Scries of

Famous Old Houses

Nearly every town in the State has some old house,
a historic land mark for generations, about which
clusters some old legend or association that makes it
celebrated in the neighborhood. We wish to get
photographs \<( all such and will pay $1.00 apiece
for all that we can use. Send with photograph a
description of the house.

Settlers about Boston prior to 1630.

The Pilgrims and Planters Department of tht
magazine is devoted to the study of the settlements
made in Massachusetts before 1630 and the men
who made them. We have considered the Ca:.-e
Ann-Salem Planters in these pages and in the Apr.',
issue we will publish a study of the settlers about
Boston Bay. An endeavor will be made to print a-,
complete a list as possible of the men who came
with an account of what they accomplished.

Communications
to our Department
of Comment and
Criticism

In our department of
'Comment and Criticism
).\ Books and Other
subjects" we invite com-
nunications from our
-eaders on any subject of
Massachusetts history.
We will be glad to have
mportant newspaper clip-
Dings submitted. In fact,
we shall welcome anything
of wide-spread interest
concerning men, books,
societies, or records asso-
ciated with Massachusetts
listorv.

Some

Massachusetts
Historical
Writers

Suggestions from our
•eaders of names for this
lepartment will be gladlv
eceived. We wish to
>rint biographies of the
own historians, compilers
)f fam'ly genealogies, and
>ther historical writers.
Ul over Massachusetts,
we desire to know the his-
orians of the small towns
is well as the men who
lave written many books
ind pamphlets on a var-
ety of historical subjects.

In recognition of Dr. Chas.
W. Eliot's retirement from
the presidency of Harvard
University after 40 years of
service, in May, the April
number will contain an ar-
ticle, taking notice of the
event.

A complete list of the active
historical Societies in Mas-
sachusetts, with names of
officers, etc., will be printed
in the April number. It is
now in preparation by Mr.
Chas. A. Flagg, of the Lib-
rary of Congress, who has
conducted an extensive cor-
resonpdence with all parts
of the State, in order to
locate the small societies,
which have not appeared in
previous lists.

N. E. N. C.

The Massachusetts

Historical Societies

A feature <>f our next
issue will be an article or.
the historical societie- o:
the state, including a list
of such societies, com-
plete as near as possible
to make it. with some
particulars about each.

Weston

Owing to congestion of
other material we have
been obliged to defer
publication of an article
on Weston by Mr. Mc-
Clintock.

Membership in
the Hereditary-
Patriotic Societies

Dr. Gardner in his ''De-
partment of the American
Revolution" will be glad
to answer questions or
supply any information he
can regarding Revolu-
tionary matters, to enable
persons to identify their
genealogical connections,
or to piove the Revolu-
tionary service of their
ancestors;as a prerequisite
to membership in the J).
A. R., S. A. R. and other
patriotic orders.

Recent Massachusetts Bibliography

While other agencies, and particularly the book
eviews of the " Xew England Historical and Gen-
ealogical Register " make mem ion of the new books,
nany of our readers are no less interested in know-
ng what is printed concerning the state in the various
periodicals, historical, literary, etc.

A number of these are indexed by one or other of the ex-
iting periodical indexes, but no one n r all : >mbined cover the
ntire field, and in no place can one rind a conspectus of the field
,t larze.

Such a list is included in the present number, and if found

ISeful. it will h*» rnnf ini:f rl inrlpfinitot'v-

American Privateers.

We wish to call special attention to the com-
pleteness of the histories of the privuteerships.
appearing in the Department of the American
Revolution. Their value as contributions to Amer-
ican naval history can hardly be over estimal

The subject of the next article (April issue) will be
the state brigantine "Freedom." The state si -
"• Republic," Captains John Foster Williams . r. I
Allen Hallet, and the state brig "Active," Caj I
Allen Hallet, will appear in the July and October

XEbe/lfto8ber3Booh8

igTT What Booklovers Say
HlUAbout These Editions

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as gifts than your books.

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of charm of beautiful things and the
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and unusual wedding present (referring
to the Old World lines), your books are
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Your Catalogue is a thing to praise
without praising in words. Reading be-
tween the lines, it is a literary joy.

Nothing more beautiful in the pub-
lisher's art has ever been done in America
or in England.

The puzzle to me is how you can turn
out such books for the money.

My New Catalogue — a remarkable piece
of bookwork in itself — explains these un-
usual compliments, and is sent free on
request to booklovers anywhere that can
be reached by mail.

THOMAS B.

PORTLAND,

MOSHER

MAINE

By A. Lawrence Lowell

Professor of the Science of Government
Harvard University

The

Government
of England

STUDY of the politi-
cal system of a country
whose institutions are
more notable than those of any
other state excepting Rome.
That the basis of political power
has there shifted from the mon-
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makes it of exceptional interest
to the student of popular
government. Xever before has
it been presented as a whole.

In two 8 vo. vols, bound like Bryee's
American Commonwealth. Price,
$4.00; bv mail, $4.30.

The Macmillan Company

64-66 Fifth Avenue
NEW YORK

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